Ingaba isibindi sakho sinesifo sotywala? Masithethe ngeHepatitis ebangelwa butywala namhlanje!

Sonke siyazi ukuba utywala abulungelanga umzimba. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuqala ngokuzonwabisa kancinci, bunokuba ngumkhwa kwaye bubangele umonakalo omkhulu emizimbeni yethu ngaphandle kokuba siqaphele. Ingxaki enye enzulu enokwenzeka kwisibindi sethu ngenxa yotywala ibizwa ngokuba yi-'Alcohol-Induced Hepatitis'. Nangona eli gama liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, ngamazwi alula, oku kuthetha ukuba isibindi siyadumba okanye siyavuvukala ngenxa yotywala.

Utywala busenzakalisa njani isibindi sethu ngolu hlobo?

Cinga ngesibindi sethu njengomzi-mveliso omkhulu emzimbeni wethu. Yonke into esiyityayo nesiyiselayo idlula kule fektri ukuze icocwe kwaye icutshungulwe. Isibindi sahlula izondlo kwaye sisuse iityhefu eziyingozi emzimbeni. Ngoko ke xa sisela utywala, busiya ngqo kwesi sibindi. Kodwa utywala buyityhefu kwisibindi. Abuniki sondlo, kwaye kwelinye icala, buyaqhekeka buvelise iikhemikhali eziyingozi emzimbeni.

Ngoku, ukuba umntu uqhubeka esela utywala obuninzi, okanye unengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala , isibindi sakhe asikwazi ukucubungula zonke iityhefu kunye namafutha. Isibindi siyagcwala kakhulu. Kwenzeka ntoni ke emva koko? Ezi tyhefu kunye namafutha ziqala ukuqokelelana esibindini zize ziqale ukusonakalisa. Lo monakalo ubangela ukudumba , oku kukudumba. Oku kudumba ngokwenene ngumzamo womzimba wokuziphilisa nokuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi.

Njengaxa unomkhuhlane, oku kudumba kufuneka kube kokwexeshana. Kodwa xa isibindi sihlala siphantsi koxinzelelo lotywala, ukudumba kuyaqhubeka. Isibindi sizala ngamanzi size sidumbe. Ukuba oku kudumba kukhulu kwaye kuhlala ixesha elide, izicubu zesibindi ziyawohloka kancinci kancinci kwaye iiseli zesibindi ziqale ukufa.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana isifo sesibindi esibangelwa butywala?

Abantu abasele kakhulu kangangeminyaka badla ngokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofumana le meko onjalo. Abanye abantu banomdla kakhulu kutywala. Banokuba nefuthe lesibindi nokuba basela umlinganiselo oqhelekileyo. Abanye banokusela kakhulu kwaye bangabi naso esi sifo sesibindi.

Oku kunokuphenjelelwa kukwahluka kwemfuza . Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho ukhe waba nengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala okanye isifo sesibindi , nawe usenokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu kancinci. Isini naso sidlala indima. Amadoda adla ngokuba nobunzima obuphezulu kancinci bokusebenzisa utywala.

Kodwa, asinguye wonke umntu ofana. Ngokwezonyango, asinakuthi 'eli lixabiso elikhuselekileyo lotywala'. Abanye abantu banokuba ne-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala kunye ne -cirrhosis nokuba banesifo sotywala esingenakuthelekiswa nanto.Ukuchaswa kwiimeko ezinjalo.

Zithini iimpawu zale meko (iHepatitis ebangelwa butywala)?

Ukuba une-hepatitis encinci kakhulu okanye ekuqaleni, usenokungabi nazimpawu. Kodwa njengoko isifo siqhubeka, unokuqala ukuziva nokubona izinto ezifana nezi:

• Ukuziva intlungu okanye uxinzelelo kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu sakho, apho isibindi sakho sikhoyo.
• Ukuziva ngathi isibindi sibonakala ngathi sidumbile okanye sikhulu .
• Isisu esivuvukileyo, ngokungathi isisu sigcwele amanzi .
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokunciphisa umzimba .
• Isicaphucaphu .
• Indle emdaka, enamanzi .

Ngoku, njengoko esi sifo sesibindi sisiya sisiba mandundu kwaye siqala ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kwesibindi, uza kuqala ukubona iimpawu zezinye iingxaki. Umzekelo:

• Ifiva .
• Ukunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo (isantya sentliziyo esikhawulezayo) .
• Ukutyheli kwamehlo amhlophe - oko kuthetha ukuba i-jaundice .
• Ukudumba okulula kunye namabala egazi eluswini (thrombocytopenia) .
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwengqondo, okufana ne-dementia (i-hepatic encephalopathy) .
• Ukudinwa kakhulu kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba .

Usele malini ukuze ufikelele kweli nqanaba?

Akukho bungakanani buthile botywala obuchaphazela wonke umntu ngendlela efanayo. Kodwa izibalo zibonisa ukuba umngcipheko uphezulu ukuba usela kakhulu ixesha elide. Ukusela kakhulu kwahlukile kancinci kumadoda nakubafazi. Kumadoda, malunga neziselo ezine eziqhelekileyo ngosuku, okanye ngaphezulu kweeyunithi ezili-14 ngeveki. Kubafazi, malunga neeyunithi ezintathu ngosuku, okanye ngaphezulu kweeyunithi ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Ukusela utywala kakhulu ngamanye amaxesha kunokuchazwa njengokusela utywala obuninzi rhoqo - oku kwaziwa ngokuba 'kukusela utywala obuninzi' . Kuchazwa njengokusela utywala obungaphezulu kweeyunithi ezintlanu ngobusuku obunye kumadoda kunye neeyunithi ezingaphezu kwezine kubafazi. Ukusela oku ubuncinane izihlandlo ezihlanu ngenyanga kukwathathwa njengokusela utywala obuninzi. Nokuba usela utywala ixesha elifutshane, njengeenyanga ezintandathu, umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala uyanda kakhulu. Uninzi lwabantu abafumana le meko ngabo bebesele iminyaka emihlanu nangaphezulu, bayeka ukusela okwethutyana, baze baphinde baqale ukusela.

Ingaba esi sifo siyasulela?

Hayi. Le hepatitis ebangelwa butywala ayisiyo ntsholongwane njengezinye iintlobo zehepatitis. Awunakusasaza esi sifo komnye umntu njenge virus. Nangona kunjalo, ukusela kakhulu okungapheliyo kunokuba 'njenge virus' ngokwembono yoluntu. Xa abahlobo nosapho behlangana kwaye besela kakhulu, bakhuthazana ukuba benze izinto ezifanayo ezikhokelela kwi hepatitis ebangelwa butywala.

Ifunyaniswa njani le nto?

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze ngembali yakho yempilo, kuquka nokusebenzisa kwakho utywala. Ukuba urhanela ukuba kukho ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala , uza kukuhlola ukuze abone ukuba akukho monakalo unxulumene namalungu omzimba. Oku kungabandakanya iimvavanyo ezininzi, umzekelo:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi . Uvavanyo olufana nokubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (i-CBC) lusetyenziselwa ukujonga iimeko ezahlukeneyo zempilo. Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi, ingakumbi ii-enzymes zesibindi, lukwasetyenziselwa ukujonga amanqanaba aphezulu otywala. Kule mihla, uvavanyo olufana ne-"phosphatidyl ethanol" kunye ne-"urine ethyl glucuronide" lukwasetyenziswa ukujonga utywala egazini nasemchameni.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso ukuze kujongwe isibindi sakho kwaye kujongwe ukudumba okanye umonakalo. Umzekelo, iskeni ye-ultrasound , i-FibroScan® (apho ikhoyo), iskeni ye-CT, okanye iskeni ye-MRI .
• Uvavanyo lwesibindi . Ugqirha wakho unokufuna ukuthatha isampuli yezicubu zesibindi sakho ukuze ivavanywe kwilebhu. Oku kwenziwa ngokufaka inaliti encinci kwisibindi sakho.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Akukho nyango lwe-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala. Unyango olusebenzayo kuphela kukuyeka ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo . Nangona kunjalo, kungcono ukwenza njalo phantsi kweliso likagqirha. Ukuyeka utywala ngequbuliso kunokubangela iimpawu zokurhoxa kunye nemiphumo emibi eyingozi.

Ugqirha wakho angakunika uncedo lonyango ngelixa usaphila emva kokuyekela utywala. Angakuthumela kunyango lweengxaki zokusebenzisa utywala. Angakunceda nokunyanga ezinye zeengxaki zokusebenzisa utywala kunye ne-hepatitis.

Unyango olongezelelweyo lungabandakanya:

• Unyango lwesondlo . Ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala kunye nomonakalo wesibindi kunokubangela ukungondleki kakuhle. Oku kungenxa yezinto ezifana nokulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokungakwazi ukwenza izondlo ngokufanelekileyo. Ukungondleki kakuhle kunokwenza kube nzima ukuchacha kwezi meko. Ugqirha wakho unokukunika utshintsho kwindlela yokutya, izongezo zesondlo, kunye namayeza avuselela umdla wokutya ukukunceda uphile. Kwiimeko ezinzima, unokunikwa isondlo sokutya (ityhubhu) ngelixa usesibhedlele.
• Iisteroids zexesha elifutshane . Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima zehepatitis ebangelwa butywala, oogqirha banokunika iisteroids okwethutyana ukunciphisa ukudumba kwesibindi kunye nokunceda iiseli zesibindi zikhule kwakhona.

Ngaba le meko ingaguqulwa?

Ewe, ukuba esi sifo asikabi sesiphambili kakhulu, sinokuguqulwa ngokuyeka ukusela. Abantu abangayekiyo ukusela bayaqhubeka nokukhula isifo sesibindi kunye nokusilela kwesibindi . Izicubu ezisele zakhekile esibindini sakho azinakuguqulwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuyeka ukusela, unokuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi kwaye ukhusele inxalenye eseleyo yesibindi sakho. Kuya kufuneka uyeke ukusela ngokupheleleyo, ngonaphakade , kodwa ungaphila.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha?

Abantu abayeka ukusela utywala emva kokuba bexilongiwe babonisa inkqubela ebonakalayo kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini (6-12). Amatyala anganzima kangako adla ngokuchacha ngokupheleleyo. Amatyala anganzima ngakumbi anokubona inkqubela kancinci kancinci kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo. Ezinye izibindi zinokuba namanxeba angapheliyo, kodwa ukuba nje awusaseli utywala ngokupheleleyo, akukho monakalo uhlala ixesha elide.

Ungaphila ixesha elingakanani nale meko?

Ukuba awuyeki ukusela emva kokuba uxilongiwe, ixesha olindeleke ukuba uphile ngalo liya kuncipha. Amadoda angayeki ukusela anethuba elingama-70% lokusinda iminyaka emihlanu. Abafazi abangayeki ukusela banethuba elingama-30%. Isiphumo siba sibi nangakumbi kubantu abane-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala kunye nesifo sesibindi esiqhubele phambili. Malunga nama-40% abantu abane-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala bafa kwiinyanga ezintandathu emva kokuba bexilongiwe.

Le yinto ekufuneka ucinge ngayo ngokwenene. Awuboni ukuba kungakanani umahluko okhoyo xa uyeka utywala?

Ngaba i-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala kunye ne-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala ziyafana?

Hayi, omabini la magama abhekisa kwimeko efanayo: ukudumba kwesibindi okubangelwa kukusetyenziswa kotywala. Igama elithi 'utywala' lisetyenziswa kuba igama elithi 'utywala' libangela ibala kwaye alichazi kakuhle imeko. Ngenxa yokuba umzimba womntu wonke wahlukile, abanye abantu banokuba ne-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala ngaphandle kokuba nengxaki yokusebenzisa utywala. Nangona kunjalo, ezi meko zimbini zihlala zibonwa kunye.

Ngoko ke yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala kunye ne-cirrhosis?

I-Cirrhosis linqanaba lokugqibela lesifo sesibindi. Kwenzeka xa ukudumba okungapheliyo, okwaziwa ngokuba yi-hepatitis, konakalisa isibindi ngokuhamba kwexesha. Njengoko iiseli kwizicubu ezivuvukileyo zisifa, izicubu ezivuvukileyo ziyaqokelelana kancinci kancinci kwezo ndawo. Xa inxalenye enkulu yesibindi iba nezibazi, ibizwa ngokuba yi-cirrhosis. Kumazwe aseNtshona, i-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala ibangela i-50% yazo zonke iimeko ze-cirrhosis.

Ekugqibeleni isifo sesibindi (cirrhosis) sibangela ukuba isibindi sakho siyeke ukusebenza kakuhle. Njengoko izicubu zesibindi ezisempilweni zithathelwa indawo yizicubu ezibomvu, sithintela ukuhamba kwegazi kwaye sinciphise amandla esibindi okucubungula izondlo kunye nokucoca iityhefu. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezininzi, kubandakanya ukungondleki kakuhle, ubuthi egazini, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi, kunye nokufa . Kumazwe aseNtshona, izifo zesibindi ezinxulumene notywala zibangela i-80% yazo zonke iintlungu zesibindi.

I-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala ikhula kancinci, idla ngokungabonisi zimpawu. Abantu abaninzi abazi ngomonakalo onokwenziwa kukusela kakhulu ixesha elide esibindini sabo. Nangona kunjalo, ukufunyaniswa kwangoko yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokulungisa iziphumo ze-hepatitis ebangelwa butywala. Ukuba unembali yokusela kakhulu kwaye/okanye uneempawu zesifo sesibindi, bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Angahlola isibindi sakho, ahlole umonakalo, aze akuncede wenze utshintsho kwimikhwa yakho oluya kuphucula impilo yakho.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kweli bali?

Kulungile, nazi ezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele kwizinto esithethe ngazo:

• Utywala buyityhefu kwisibindi: Nokuba usela kancinci ukuze uzonwabele, ukuba usela kakhulu, bunokonakalisa isibindi. Isibindi sinokudumba size sibe nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Alcohol-Induced Hepatitis".
• Asingomntu wonke ofanayo: Abanye abantu banokuba neengxaki nokuba basela kancinci. Akukho nto ibizwa ngokuba 'kubungakanani obukhuselekileyo botywala'.
• Lumka ngeempawu: Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nentlungu kwicala lasekunene lesisu sakho, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, okanye i-jaundice, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
• Ukuyeka lolona nyango lubalaseleyo: Unyango olungcono lwale meko kukuyeka ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo. Kububulumko ukwenza oku ngengcebiso kagqirha.
• Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kuyanyangeka: Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe ngaphambi kokuba sibe sibi kakhulu, kwaye ukuba utywala buyekiswa, umonakalo kwisibindi unokuguqulwa kakhulu kwaye umonakalo ongakumbi unokuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuvela amanxeba amakhulu, njenge-cirrhosis, kunzima ukubuyela umva.

Isibindi sakho sisitho esibaluleke kakhulu ebomini bakho. Kukuwe ukuba usinyamekele. Musa ukubeka ubomi bakho emngciphekweni ngenxa yotywala.

Ukudumba kwesibindi , ukusela utywala, isifo sesibindi, isifo sokuqina kwesibindi, i-hepatitis, ukuyeka utywala, umonakalo wesibindi