Ngaba unesifo seswekile, isifo samathambo, isifo sezintso, okanye esinye isifo esingapheliyo esikwenza uzive udiniwe kwaye udiniwe? Usenokucinga ukuba kungenxa yesi sifo sakho. Kukho inyaniso ethile kuloo bali, kodwa kunokubakho esinye isizathu. Yiloo nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi-'Anemia of Chronic Disease' okanye 'Anemia of Inflammation'. Ngamafutshane, kukungabikho kwegazi okubangelwa sisifo esihlala ixesha elide.
Yintoni kanye kanye 'i-Anemia yeSifo esiNgapheliyo'?
Kulungile, masiyibeke ngokulula le nto. I-anemia, okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi, yimeko apho sinenani eliphantsi leeseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ezi seli zibomvu zegazi zithwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu. Ngoko ke xa ziphantsi, siziva sidiniwe kwaye singenabomi.
Kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Anemia of Chronic Disease', ukudumba okungapheliyo emzimbeni okubangelwa sisifo esibekho kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwezintathu kuthintela imizimba yethu ekusebenziseni i-iron efunekayo ukwenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.
Cinga ngale ndlela. Sinazo zonke iisamente, izitena, kunye neentsimbi zokwakha indlu. Kodwa abasebenzi banengxaki ethile kwaye abanakukwazi ukuzisebenzisa ezo zinto ukusebenza. Yiyo loo nto yenzekayo nalapha. Nangona sinentsimbi emizimbeni yethu, ngenxa yokuvuvukala okubangelwa kukugula ixesha elide, umzimba awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa loo ntsimbi ukwenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezintsha. Uninzi lwexesha, olu luphawu lwe-anemia olungelulo olubi kangako.
Ngubani onokuthi abe nale meko?
Njengoko igama lisitsho, le anemia inokwenzeka nakubani na onesifo sexesha elide (esingapheliyo). Nangona kunjalo, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Kukho iimeko ezininzi eziphambili zempilo ezinokubangela le anemia. Makhe sibone ukuba zithini.
| Udidi lwezifo | Imizekelo kunye nenkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| Izifo ezichaphazela umzimba | Esi sisifo apho inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wethu, inkqubo yokuzikhusela, ihlasela ngempazamo iiseli zomzimba wethu. Imizekelo: I-Rheumatoid Arthritis (isifo esibangela ukudumba kunye nentlungu emalungeni), i-Lupus (SLE) , i-Vasculitis (ukudumba kwemithambo yegazi), i-Sarcoidosis, kunye neSifo samathumbu esivuthayo (IBD) (iimeko ezichaphazela amathumbu, njengesifo sikaCrohn kunye ne-Ulcerative Colitis). |
| Umhlaza | Naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaza lunokubangela ukudumba okungapheliyo emzimbeni. |
| Isifo sezintso esingapheliyo | Le anemia inokubangelwa sisifo sezintso esihlala ixesha elide. |
| Ukumelwa yintliziyo | Iimeko ezibangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo. |
| Izifo Ezingapheliyo | Iintsholongwane ezihlala ixesha elide emzimbeni, ezifana nesifo sephepha. |
| Ukutyeba kakhulu | Ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha amaninzi emzimbeni kunokubangela ukuba kubekho ukudumba okuncinci emzimbeni. |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba olu lolona hlobo lwesibini oluxhaphakileyo lwe-anemia emva kwe-anemia yokunqongophala kwe-iron. Ngoko ke le ayingombandela ubalulekileyo.
Kutheni esi sifo sibangela i-anemia? Yintoni eyenzekayo emzimbeni?
Eli libali elinomdla kakhulu. Ixesha eliqhelekileyo lobomi leseli ebomvu egazini emzimbeni wethu limalunga neentsuku ezili-120. Emva kokuba ezi seli zibomvu zegazi zifile, umzimba wethu ukrelekrele kakhulu ekuphindeni usebenzise isinyithi esikuzo ukuze wenze iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezintsha. Umongo wethu wethambo ngumthombo oyintloko walo msebenzi.
Kodwa xa unesifo esihlala ixesha elide esifana nesi sikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, ezinye izinto emzimbeni wethu ziyatshintsha ngenxa yokuvuvukala okwenzekayo.
1. Intsimbi inamathele:Iiseli ezikhethekileyo kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ezibizwa ngokuba zii-macrophages zigcina i-iron evela kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezindala ukuze zisetyenziswe kwakhona. Kufana nomntu oshiye ezinye izinto azidingayo ekhabhathini waza walahlekelwa sisitshixo. Nangona umzimba une-iron, umongo awukwazi ukuyisebenzisa ukwenza iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezintsha.
2. Ukuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi kuyehla: Ngenxa yemeko yokudumba, izinga lokuveliswa kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezintsha ngumongo wethambo nalo lisenokuncipha kancinci.
3. Ixesha lokuphila kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi liyafinyezwa: Ngamanye amaxesha, ixesha lokuphila kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisandula ukwenziwa linokuba ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezili-120.
Xa zonke ezi zizathu zidibana, inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi ezisempilweni emzimbeni wethu liyehla kancinci kancinci, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-anemia.
Zithini iimpawu? Ngaba ukrokrela ukuba unale meko?
Iimpawu ze-'Anemia of Chronic Disease' zifana kakhulu nezo ze-anemia yokungabikho kwesinyithi. Abanye abantu basenokungabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu. Abanye banokuba nazo kuphela ezi mpawu ngexesha loxinzelelo, njengokuzivocavoca. Umntu oneempawu unokuba nazo:
- Ukuhlala uziva udiniwe kakhulu kwaye ubuthathaka. Usenokuziva udiniwe kangangokuba awukwazi nokwenza imisebenzi eqhelekileyo yosuku.
- Ukuziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo ngamanye amaxesha, njengaxa uhamba kancinci okanye unyuka izinyuko.
- Ulusu lwakho, ingakumbi ubuso bakho, iintende zezandla, kunye nemilebe, lubonakala lumhlophe.
- Ukubila ngaphandle kwesizathu sithile.
- Ukuziva unesizungu, uphelelwa ngamandla.
- Intloko ebuhlungu rhoqo.
Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nezi xa unesifo esihlala ixesha elide, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Xa usiya kugqirha wakho, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nezinye izifo onokuba nazo, aze akuhlole. Emva koko uza kuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi zegazi ukuze afumanise ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-anemia onayo. Ezi vavanyo zegazi zihlala zizezona zixilonga esi sifo.
| Uvavanyo lweGazi | Kalula nje, ujonge ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Inqanaba leHemoglobin | Le yeyona ndlela iphambili yokujonga i-anemia. Le yiproteni enika iiseli ezibomvu zegazi umbala wazo obomvu. |
| Inqanaba le-Iron yeSerum | Ubungakanani bentsimbi ekhululekileyo nesetyenziswayo egazini lakho buyalinganiswa. Kule meko, eli nani lisenokuba liphantsi. |
| Inqanaba leSerum Ferritin | Oku kulinganisa ubungakanani bentsimbi 'egciniweyo' emzimbeni wakho. Okumangalisayo kukuba, kwesi sifo, ubungakanani bentsimbi egcinwe emzimbeni (iFerritin) bunokuba buqhelekileyo okanye bunyuke. Oku kungenxa yokuba intsimbi ikhona emzimbeni, kodwa ayinakusetyenziswa. |
| Umthamo wokubopha intsimbi | Uvavanyo olulinganisa amandla egazi okuthwala i-iron. Eli xabiso lisenokuba liphantsi kule meko. |
| Inani leeReticulocyte | Oku kubhekisa kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezingavuthwanga. Ukuba eli nani liphantsi, kuthetha ukuba umongo wethambo awuvelisi iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezintsha ngokwaneleyo. |
Kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ukuba ugqirha ufuna ulwazi oluthe kratya, unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-bone marrow biopsy, equka ukuthatha isampuli encinci yomongo wethambo aze awuvavanye.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo neyanelisayo apha kukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, le anemia inokunyangeka.
Unyango olungcono nolubaluleke kakhulu koku kukulawula ngokufanelekileyo imeko yakho yempilo engapheliyo (umz., isifo samathambo, isifo sezintso) esibangela i-anemia. Xa loo meko ingaphantsi inyangwa kwaye ilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, ukudumba emzimbeni kuya kuncipha kwaye i-anemia iya kuphucuka ngokuzenzekelayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba i-anemia inzima, okanye ukuba ihamba neemeko ezifana nomhlaza okanye isifo sezintso, ugqirha unokucebisa ezinye iindlela zonyango.
- Utofelo-gazi: Utofelo-gazi lunokuba sisisombululo sexesha elifutshane kubantu abane-anemia enzima kangangokuba abakwazi ukunyamezela uxinzelelo. Nangona kunjalo, oku akuyonto inokwenziwa rhoqo.
- Unyango lwe-EPO oluQhelekileyo: Izintso zethu zivelisa ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Erythropoietin - EPO)`. Oku kukubonisa umongo wethambo ukuba "wenze iiseli ezintsha zegazi ezibomvu". Kwezinye izifo, ukuveliswa kwale homoni kuyehla. Kwimeko enjalo, le homoni inikwa ngaphandle njengenaliti.
- Izongezo zesinyithi: Ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ngonyango lwe-EPO, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni akunike izongezo zesinyithi okanye iinaliti.
Kodwa khumbula oku! Ungaze uqale ukuthatha iipilisi zesinyithi kwikhemesti ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha kuba ucinga ukuba une-anemia. Oku kungenxa yokuba kwimeko 'ye-Anemia yeSifo esiNgapheliyo', umzimba usenokuba nesinyithi, kodwa ingxaki kukuba ayinakusetyenziswa. Ngeli xesha, ukongeza isinyithi emzimbeni kunokubangela ezinye iingxaki. Ngoko ke, soloko uthatha unyango njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
Singenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko?
Ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo, usenokungakwazi ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo ukuba i-anemia ingenzeki. Nangona kunjalo, ukugcina impilo entle iyonke kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho kwaye kunciphise impembelelo ye-anemia ukuba iyenzeka. Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo kubalulekile koku.
- Yitya iiproteni ezingenamafutha aneleyo njengenkukhu, intlanzi, iimbotyi kunye neelentile.
- Soloko uquka imifuno eluhlaza kunye nemifuno efana nesipinatshi kunye nekale ekutyeni kwakho.
- Khetha isonka esomeleleyo sesinyithi kunye necereal.
- Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwizakhamzimba ezifana ne-vitamin B12 kunye ne-folate.
Kubalulekile: Musa ukuzithatha izongezo zevithamini okanye zesinyithi ngokwakho ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekucebisile.
Ukuba sele uphila nesifo esinganyangekiyo, kunokuvakala ngathi ngumthwalo owongezelelweyo ukujongana ne-anemia. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba le meko idla ngokuba ncinci kwaye iba ngcono xa imeko engaphantsi inyangwa. Emva konyango, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, njengokutya kunye nokuzilolonga, okunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba le meko ibuyele umva.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- 'I-anemia yeSifo Esingapheliyo' kukungabikho kwegazi okubangelwa sisifo esihlala ixesha elide esifana nesifo seswekile, isifo samathambo, okanye isifo sezintso.
- Iimpawu zifana nezo ze-anemia jikelele (ukudinwa, ukuphaphatheka).
- Unyango oluphambili kunyango olufanelekileyo lwesifo esibangele i-anemia.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nezi xa unesifo esihlala ixesha elide, musa ukuzisela iipilisi zesinyithi wedwa.Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho.
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