Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye njengoko sonke sisazi, "uxinzelelo," yimeko abantu abaninzi kwilizwe lethu abajongene nayo okwangoku. Mhlawumbi nawe usela amayeza oku, okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unokuba nale meko. Xa ugqirha ekubhalela amayeza oxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zala mayeza. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenye yezona ntlobo zamayeza zisetyenziswa kakhulu nezibalulekileyo. Ezi zii-ARB, okanye ii-Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers.
Kalula nje, yintoni le ARB?
Ii-ARB (ii-Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers) ziindidi zamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga kungekuphela nje uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kodwa nezinye iimeko ezininzi, ezifana nokusilela kwentliziyo kunye nesifo sezintso. Ziza ngohlobo lweepilisi, oko kuthetha ukuba zithathwa ngomlomo. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala linzima kancinci, intsingiselo yalo ilula kakhulu. Masiyihlalutye.
- I-Angiotensin II yi-hormone eveliswa emizimbeni yethu. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuqinisa (ukuqinisa) imithambo yegazi yethu.
- I-receptor yindawo ethile eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi apho le hormone inokubopha khona. Ifana nencakuba yesitshixo.
- Umthinteli yinto ethintelayo.
Okwenziwa leli yeza kukuthintela i-hormone (isitshixo) ekubopheleleni kwi-receptor (ipleyiti) kwimithambo yegazi. Emva koko imithambo yegazi ayivaleki, ivuleka kakuhle, ukuze igazi likwazi ukuhamba ngokulula, kwaye uxinzelelo nalo luyancitshiswa. Makhe sijonge ezinye zeemeko apho oogqirha badla ngokunika olu hlobo lweyeza le-ARB ngezantsi.
| Imeko | Indlela amayeza e-ARB anceda ngayo |
|---|
| Igazi elonyukayo | Iyandisa imithambo yegazi, ivumela igazi ukuba lihambe lula. Oku kunciphisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwimithambo yegazi. |
| Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo edibeneyo | Inceda ekunciphiseni umthwalo womsebenzi entliziyweni kwaye yonyusa ukusebenza kakuhle kokupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. |
| Isifo sezintso | Inceda ekulawuleni umonakalo kwizintso, ingakumbi ngenxa yesifo seswekile, kwaye inciphise isantya somonakalo owenzeka ngaso. |
| Ukuthintela istroke | Ngenxa yokuba imithambo yegazi ibanzi, amathuba okuba amahlwili egazi amancinci avale imithambo yegazi eya engqondweni ayancipha. |
| Emva kohlaselo lwentliziyo | Inceda ekunciphiseni umonakalo entliziyweni kwaye ithintele olunye uhlaselo lwentliziyo. |
Ngawaphi amayeza e-ARB aqhelekileyo anikwayo?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza akwiklasi ye-ARB. Kukho indlela elula kakhulu yokuwachonga. Amagama ala mayeza adla ngokuphela ngo
-“-sartan.” Jonga ibhokisi yamayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho, isenokuba negama elifana neli. Itheyibhile engasezantsi ibonisa ezinye ze-ARB ezisetyenziswa kakhulu.
| Igama eliqhelekileyo leyeza | Igama eliqhelekileyo lophawu (Umzekelo wegama lophawu) |
|---|
| ILosartan | I-Cozaar® (uhlobo lwe-ARB olusetyenziswa kakhulu) |
| IValsartan | I-Diovan®, iPrexxartan® |
| I-Irbesartan | I-Avapro® |
| ICandesartan | Atacand® |
| I-Olmesartan | I-Benicar® |
| I-Telmisartan | I-Micardis® |
Kubalulekile: Amagama eebhrendi adweliswe apha yimizekelo nje. Ugqirha wakho usenokuba unikile eli yeza phantsi kwegama elahlukileyo lebhrendi. Musa ukukhathazeka ngaloo nto.
Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni.
Ukuze siqonde oku, masithathe umzekelo omncinci. Khawucinge nje ukuba kukho umbhobho wamanzi, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ucinezela embindini wombhobho uze uwubambe? Uxinzelelo lwamanzi ngaphakathi kombhobho luyanda, akunjalo? Imithambo yethu yegazi injalo. Ihomoni ethi `Angiotensin II` emzimbeni wethu inciphisa imithambo yethu yegazi ngokungathi icinezela umbhobho wamanzi. Xa imithambo yegazi incipha, indawo yegazi elihamba ngayo iyancipha. Emva koko intliziyo kufuneka ipompe igazi
ngamandla angakumbi. Oku sikubiza ngokuba luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye uxinzelelo. Ukuze le hormone ethi `Angiotensin II` yenze umsebenzi wayo, kufuneka inamathele kwindawo ethile kwimithambo yegazi, eyi ``receptor``. Amayeza e-ARB enza into elula kakhulu.
Aya kuhlala kuloo receptor. Emva koko ihomoni ethi `Angiotensin II` ayinandawo yokuncamathisela. Kufana nokuba xa usiya kuhlala esitulweni kwaye omnye umntu ehleli kuso, awukwazi ukuhlala phantsi.
Ngamafutshane, amayeza e-ARB athintela ukusebenza kwehomoni enciphisa imithambo yegazi. Oku kuvumela imithambo yegazi ukuba ivuleke kakhulu kwaye yehlise uxinzelelo lwegazi .
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kweli yeza?
Njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, ii-ARB zinokubangela ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwabantu alufumani naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezona zixhaphakileyo ezinokubakho zezi:
Eyona nto ibangela isiyezi kukuba kuthatha ixesha emzimbeni wakho ukuqhelana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi. Le meko idla ngokuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Ingqwalasela ekhethekileyo kwizintso:Amaxesha amaninzi, ii-ARB zinokuchaphazela ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwizintso. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu ukuba sele unesifo semithambo yezintso. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Emva kokuba uqale ukuthatha eli yeza, ugqirha wakho
uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi (uvavanyo lweSerum Creatinine) ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso zakho ngamanye amaxesha. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukwenza olu vavanyo njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebisa.
Kufuneka ndithathe eli yeza ixesha elingakanani?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ludla ngokuba yimeko yobomi bonke. Ukuba uyeka ukuthatha amayeza akho, uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lunokubuyela kwinqanaba lalo langaphambili. Ngoko ke,
ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Kusenokufuneka uthathe i-ARB okanye amanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi ubomi bakho bonke.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwee-ACE inhibitors kunye nee-ARB?
Usenokuba ukhe weva ngodidi lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-ACE inhibitors. Zombini ezi ndidi zamayeza zisebenza ngokunciphisa imiphumo ye-angiotensin. Kodwa zisebenza ngeendlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo.
- Izithinteli ze-ACE : Ezi zisebenza ngokunciphisa imveliso yehomoni ethi `Angiotensin II` ebangela ingxaki. Kufana nokunciphisa imveliso yefektri eyenza abantu ababangela ingxaki.
- Ii-ARB: Ezi aziyiyekisi imveliso yehomoni ethi `Angiotensin II`, kodwa zithintela amandla ehomoni okunamathela kwimithambo yegazi.
Esinye seziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphambili nezixhaphakileyo ze-ACE inhibitors
kukukhwehlela okomileyo okungapheliyo nokubuhlungu. Ukuba ukhwehlela olu hlobo ngelixa uthatha i-ACE inhibitor (umz., i-Enalapril, i-Lisinopril), ugqirha wakho usenokuyeka ukusebenzisa amayeza aze akunike i-ARB endaweni yoko.
Ngaba kufuneka ndiqaphele amanye amayeza nokutya xa ndithatha ii-ARB?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba usebenzisa amanye amayeza, iivithamini, okanye izongezo ngelixa usebenzisa amayeza akho oxinzelelo lwegazi.
Amanye amayeza
Amanye amayeza omkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, kunye ne-allergies athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha anokunyusa uxinzelelo lwegazi. Kwakhona, ukuthatha
amayeza okubulala iintlungu, ingakumbi ii-NSAID (ezifana ne-ibuprofen, i-diclofenac, i-naproxen), kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwee-ARB kwaye konakalise izintso zakho. Ngoko ke
buza ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amayeza okubulala iintlungu. Lumka ngakumbi malunga ne-potassium.
Amayeza e-ARB anokunyusa amanqanaba e-potassium egazini. Ke ngoko,
- Musa ukuthatha izongezo ze-potassium ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Ezinye "izinto ezithatha indawo yetyuwa" ezisetyenziswa ngabantu abatya ukutya okulawula ityuwa ziqulethe i-potassium chloride. Funda ilebheli ngononophelo phambi kokuba uzisebenzise.
Ukuba amanqanaba e-potassium egazini ayanda, oko kunokubangela iimeko eziyingozi ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo.
Kuthekani ngotywala?
Ukuba usela utywala rhoqo kwaye usela kakhulu, kunokunyusa uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi nangakumbi. Kwakhona, ukuba usela utywala obuninzi ngaxeshanye, uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lunokwehla ngequbuliso kwaye ungaphelelwa ngamandla. Ngoko ke ukuba usela utywala, kwenze oko ngokulinganisela.
Ngaba kukhuselekile ukuthatha amayeza e-ARB ngexesha lokukhulelwa?
Hayi. Ayikhuselekanga konke konke. Amayeza e-ARB kunye ne-ACE inhibitor anokubangela ingozi enkulu kumntwana ongekazalwa ukuba athathwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
- Iziphene zokuzalwa
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso
- Amanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
- Ukuzalwa komntwana eswelekile
Ezi ngxaki zinzima zinokwenzeka. Ukuba une-high blood pressure kwaye ukhulelwe okanye uceba ukuba nomntwana,
xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza ahlukileyo akhuselekileyo kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
Ngaba ii-ARB luhlobo 'lweepilisi zamanzi' (iiDiuretics)?
Hayi. Ii-ARB azizizo ii-diuretics, okanye "iipilisi zamanzi" njengoko sizibiza njalo. Iipilisi zamanzi zinceda umzimba ukuba ukhuphe amanzi angaphezulu kunye netyuwa kumchamo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha baya kunika
indibaniselwano ye-ARB kunye ne-diuretic (edla ngokuba yi-thiazide diuretic) kwipilisi enye . Ukuba amayeza akho abhalwe "iLosartan H" okanye "iValsartan HCT," oko kuthetha ukuba aqulethe zombini i-ARB kunye ne-diuretic. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zamayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi, ngoko ke kunokuba nzima ukufumanisa ukuba yeyiphi efanelekileyo kuwe. Ii-ARB ziluhlobo lokuqala lwamayeza anikwa ngoogqirha, kwaye asebenza kakuhle kubantu abaninzi. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nala mayeza, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ii-ARB ziluhlobo olubaluleke kakhulu lwamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo sentliziyo, kunye nesifo sezintso.
- Ezi zisebenza ngokuthintela ukusebenza kwehomoni enciphisa imithambo yegazi kwaye igcine imithambo yegazi ibanzi.
- Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha la mayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.Ukuba wenza njalo, uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lunokunyuka kwakhona ngendlela eyingozi.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngezinye iindlela ozisebenzisayo, ingakumbi ii-painkillers (NSAIDs).
- Akucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise eli yeza ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ukuba ulindele umntwana. Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye unenkxalabo malunga namayeza, thetha nogqirha wakho.
I-ARB kwisiSinhala, ii-Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amayeza oxinzelelo, iLosartan, iValsartan, uhlaselo lwentliziyo
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