Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kakhulu kwaye uxhalabile xa ugqirha ekuxelela ukuba intliziyo yakho ibuthathaka, okanye njengoko sikubiza njalo, unesifo sentliziyo. Uyazi ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukuphila neengxaki ezifana nokudinwa, imilenze evuvukileyo, nokungakwazi ukulala kakuhle ebusuku nangona emva komzamo omncinci. Kukho amaxesha apho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokukhwehlela eziza nezinye zeziyobisi ezindala ezinikwa le meko zinokuba buhlungu nangakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi yezonyango, unyango oluphumeleleyo nolutsha luye lwavela ngoku kwiimeko ezinjalo. Olunye uhlobo olutsha lwamayeza oluye lwazisa isiqabu kubantu abaninzi yi-ARNI. Makhe sithethe ngale nto namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-ARNI?
Nangona igama elithi ARNI lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, intsingiselo yalo ilula kakhulu. I-ARNI (i-Angiotensin Receptor/Neprilysin Inhibitor) sisiyobisi esikhethekileyo esenziwe ngokudibanisa iintlobo ezimbini zamayeza ukunyanga izifo zentliziyo. Njengabadlali ababini abanetalente abadlala kunye kwiqela elinye, la mayeza mabini asebenza kunye ukubonelela ngesiqabu esikhulu entliziyweni yakho.
La mayeza mabini ngala:
1. I-ARB (i-Angiotensin II Receptor Blocker): Igama lale nto yiValsartan.
2. I-Neprilysin Inhibitor: Igama lale nto yiSacubitril.
Okwangoku, iyeza le-ARNI elisetyenziswa eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela yiSacubitril/Valsartan . Eli chiza lavunywa ngo-2015.
Kulungile, masibone ukuba eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, masisebenzise umzekelo olula. Khawucinge ukuba inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni wakho ifana nenkqubo yeepayipi ezithwala amanzi ziye egadini. Intliziyo yakho yinjini epompa amanzi kuyo.
1. Oko kwenziwa yiValsartan: Xa intliziyo ingasebenzi kakuhle, le mithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) iyaxinwa ize ivaleke. Emva koko intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima kakhulu kwaye ipompe igazi (imithambo yegazi) ngoxinzelelo olukhulu. IValsartan isebenza ngokwandisa nokukhulula imithambo yegazi exinyiweyo . Emva koko intliziyo inokupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke ngokulula ngaphandle kokusebenza nzima kangako. Oku kulawula noxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi.
2. Oko kwenziwa yiSacubitril: Le yahlukile kancinci. Imizimba yethu ngokwendalo ivelisa "iihormone ezilungileyo" ezinceda intliziyo, zandise imithambo yegazi, kwaye zincede umzimba ukhuphe ityuwa namanzi angaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, i-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Neprilysin" (njengomntu ombi) iyaqhekeka ngokukhawuleza ize itshabalalise ezi hormone zilungileyo. Oko kwenziwa yiSacubitril kukuba iyayimisa into embi, i-enzyme ye-neprilysin, ukuba ingasebenzi . Emva koko ezo hormone zilungileyo zingahlala emzimbeni ixesha elide kwaye zenze umsebenzi wazo olungileyo (ukwehlisa uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukususa ityuwa namanzi).
Ngamafutshane, la mayeza mabini asebenza kunye ukunciphisa umthwalo entliziyweni, ngelixa ekhusela iihomoni zendalo ezinceda intliziyo.
Ngubani ocebisa esi sidakamizwa se-ARNI?
Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba eli yeza lifanelekile na kuwe ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezahlukeneyo.
- Kubantu abaneengxaki zentliziyo: Ungaqaliswa ukusebenzisa eli yeza ukuba usandul’ ukufunyanwa uneengxaki zentliziyo kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwentliziyo yakho ekupompeni igazi (esikubiza ngokuba yi -Ejection Fraction ) yi-40% okanye ngaphantsi. (Eli xabiso lomntu ophilileyo limalunga ne-55% - 65%).
- Kwabo batshintsha amayeza amadala: Ukuba sele usebenzisa amayeza okuhlaselwa yintliziyo afana ne-ACE inhibitor (umz. i-Enalapril, i-Ramipril) okanye i-ARB (umz. i-Losartan, i-Telmisartan), unokukwazi ukutshintshela kwi-ARNI endaweni yoko.
Ibaluleke kakhulu!
Ukuba utshintsha ukusuka kwi-ACE inhibitor (umz. i-Enalapril) ukuya kwi-ARNI, kufuneka ulinde ubuncinane iiyure ezingama-36 emva kokuyeka i-ACE inhibitor ngaphambi kokuba uqale i-ARNI. Ukuba utshintsha phakathi kwamayeza amabini ngaphandle kwesi sithuba sexesha, unokufumana impendulo eyingozi ye-allergy ebizwa ngokuba yi-angioedema , ebangela ukudumba kobuso nomqala. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
| Ngubani ongafanele athathe i-ARNI? | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Abantu ababene-allergies ngaphambili | Ukuba ukhe waba ne-allergy ngaphambili ebangela ukudumba kobuso (i-angioedema) emva kokuthatha iyeza le-ACE inhibitor okanye i-ARB. |
| Oomama abakhulelweyo nabancancisayo | Eli yeza alikhuthazwa ukuba lisetyenziswe ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngexesha lokuncancisa. |
| Abantu abanesifo sesibindi esinzima | Ukuba unesifo sesibindi esinzima. |
| Abantu abasebenzisa amanye amayeza | Ukuba sele usela amanye amayeza athile afana ne-ACE inhibitors okanye i-aliskiren. |
Zithini iingenelo zonyango lwe-ARNI?
Uphando lufumanise ukuba amayeza e-ARNI anika iingenelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo kunemithi emidala efana ne-ACE inhibitors.
- Ukwanda kwexesha lokuphila: Eli yeza lifunyenwe linciphisa umngcipheko wokufa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo, oko kuthetha ukuba ungaphila ubomi obusempilweni ixesha elide.
- Umgangatho wobomi ophucukileyo: Eli yeza likunceda ukuba wenze imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ngokulula ngokunciphisa iimpawu ezifana nokudinwa, ukudinwa, kunye nokudumba kwemilenze.
- Ukuncipha kokuphindaphinda kokulaliswa esibhedlele: Uphando lubonise ukuba kunciphisa umngcipheko wokulaliswa esibhedlele rhoqo ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo esibi ngama-20%.
- Ukubuyisela ukusebenza kwentliziyo: Amandla okupompa kwentliziyo kwabanye abaguli (inxalenye yokukhupha) aphucuka kakhulu xa bethatha eli yeza kangangexesha elithile.
Olunye uphando olukhulu lufumanise ukuba ukuba umntu oneminyaka engama-55 ubudala usebenzisa eli yeza, uya kukwazi ukuphila iminyaka eyi-2.1 eyongezelelweyo ngaphandle kokulaliswa esibhedlele okanye ukufa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo.
Ngaba kufuneka siqaphele nemiphumo emibi?
Njengakweminye imithi, kunokubakho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ugqirha wakho uza kukufundisa ngezi zinto.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho | Kwenziwe ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (iHypotension) | Usenokuba nesiyezi, intloko ebuhlungu, okanye amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ungathetha nogqirha wakho uze utshintshe ixesha olithatha ngalo amayeza akho. |
| Iziphumo ekusebenzeni kwezintso | Xa uqala ukusebenzisa amayeza rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezimbalwa, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso zakho. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, uza kulungisa umthamo. |
| Ukwanda kwamanqanaba e-potassium egazini (i-Hyperkalemia) | Oku kunokufunyanwa nangovavanyo lwegazi. Ugqirha uza kuyiqwalasela kakuhle le nto. |
| I-Angioedema | Oku kunqabile kakhulu. Ukuba ufumana ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, ulwimi okanye umqala, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, yeka ukuthatha amayeza ngoko nangoko kwaye uye kwisebe likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane (ETU). |
Ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zihlala ziphela emva kweeveki ezimbini. Ukuba azipheli, xelela ugqirha wakho. Usenokunciphisa umthamo aze awunyuse kwakhona emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa. Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo ngelixa usebenzisa i-ARNI, yazisa ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba unesiyezi esinzima
- Ukuba uziva ukhaphukhaphu kwaye amehlo akho eba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
- Ukuba uziva ngathi ulahlekelwa zingqondo
- Ukuba ukufundwa koxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kungaphantsi kwama-90 (i-systolic)
Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko malunga nokutshintshela kumayeza amatsha xa sele uqhele amayeza amadala. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile nokuqwalasela iingenelo eziza kuziswa lunyango olutsha ebomini bakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto ngokukhululekileyo. Mamela yonke into ngokucacileyo malunga neenzuzo kunye neengxaki zale mayeza, kunye nokuba akulungele na. Emva koko ungenza isigqibo esinolwazi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ARNI ludidi lwamayeza aphumelele kakhulu, anamhlanje anyanga ukusilela kwentliziyo.
- Le yindibaniselwano yamayeza amabini. Elinye linciphisa umthwalo entliziyweni, kwaye elinye likhusela iihomoni zendalo ezinceda intliziyo.
- Ii-ARNI zinamandla okwandisa ubomi, ukunciphisa ukulaliswa esibhedlele, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi xa kuthelekiswa namayeza amadala.
- Ukuba utshintshela kwi-ACE inhibitor uye kwi-ARNI, kufuneka ushiye isithuba seeyure ezingama-36.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwegazi ngamaxesha amiselweyo njengoko ugqirha wakho ecebise, njengoko iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kunye nomonakalo wezintso zinokwenzeka.
- Soloko uxoxa nogqirha wakho ngokukhululekileyo malunga nonyango olulungele wena.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho