Ngaba uziva iintlungu emilenzeni yakho, ingakumbi ematholeni akho, xa uhamba umgama omfutshane? Ngaba iintlungu ziyaphela xa uyeka okwethutyana uze uqale ukuhamba kwakhona? Oku akuyonto omele uyityeshele nje. Kungaba luphawu lokuba kukho ingxaki ngokuhamba kwegazi emilenzeni yakho. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngovavanyo olulula kakhulu nolungenabuhlungu ekufuneka silufumane.
Yintoni i-Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)?
Ngamafutshane, i-Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) luvavanyo olulula nolungenazintlungu olulinganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi eqakaleni lakho nasengalweni. Ngokuyintloko ijonga isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze umzimba (i-PAD) , imeko apho amafutha aqokelelwa kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi emilenzeni yakho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inciphe .
Kanye njengokuba umbhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo unciphisa ukuhamba kwamanzi, kukwanjalo nokuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi emilenzeni yethu. Uvavanyo lwe-ABI lulinganisa oku kuncipha kokuhamba kwegazi. I-ABI yakho ibalwa ngokwahlula uxinzelelo lwegazi lweqakala lakho ngoxinzelelo lwegazi lwengalo yakho.
Ndifanele ndilwenze nini uvavanyo lwe-ABI?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha wakho angayalela olu vavanyo. Usenokuba uneempawu okanye ungabi nazo.
| Ithuba/Ingozi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ze-PAD | Intlungu emilenzeni, ingakumbi xa usebenza, njengokuhamba. |
| Ukuba uneminyaka engama-65 ubudala okanye ngaphezulu | Kuba umngcipheko wokufakwa kwamafutha kwimithambo yegazi (i-atherosclerosis) uyanda njengoko iminyaka ikhula. |
| Iminyaka engama-50-64 kunye nezinto ezinobungozi | Ukuba unesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, imbali yokutshaya, okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba ne-PAD. |
| Abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala kunye nezinye iingozi zesifo seswekile | Ukuba unesifo seswekile kunye nenye into enobungozi, njengoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. |
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yolu vavanyo lwe-ABI kukuba luyakwazi ukubona i-PAD ngaphambi kokuba ibe mandundu. Oku kuvumela unyango lwakwangoko olunokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki ezinkulu, ezifana ne -critical limb ischemia okanye ukunqunyulwa kwamalungu omzimba.
Uyenza njani le vavanyo?
Le yindlela elula kakhulu. Ngokwesiqhelo umongikazi wenza olu vavanyo. Uxinzelelo lwegazi lulinganiswa kwimithambo ethile yeengalo zakho nasemaqatheni.
Oku kusebenzisa i-blood pressure cuff, njengokujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi rhoqo. Ijikeleziswa ingalo yakho nasemaqakaleni, nganye ngexesha, ize icinezelwe imizuzwana embalwa, ikhuphe umoya kancinci kancinci.
Imithambo ephambili ehlolwayo apha yile:
- Umthambo we-brachial ezingalweni.
- Umthambo we-dorsalis pedis okanye umthambo we-posterior tibial ngumthambo odibanisa amaqatha.
Ngelixa elinganisa olu xinzelelo, ugqirha okanye umongikazi ukwaphulaphula isandi segazi elihamba kule mithambo esebenzisa isixhobo esiphathwayo se-ultrasound (Doppler).
Olu luvavanyo olungangenisi gazi , nto leyo ethetha ukuba akukho naliti okanye imingxunya yolusu. Kufana nje novavanyo lwakho loxinzelelo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, ngaphandle kokuba lwenziwa kuzo zonke iingalo ezine.
Ufanele uzilungiselele njani ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Landela la manyathelo ukuze ufumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo kwaye wenze uvavanyo lube lula kuwe.
- Musa ukusela nantoni na ene-caffeine (ikofu, iti, iziselo ezibandayo) ngomhla wovavanyo.
- Musa ukusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba okanye utywala kangangeyure enye ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Musa ukuzilolonga iyure ngaphambi kovavanyo.
- Nxiba impahla ekhululekileyo nekhululekileyo ekuvumela ukuba ubeke i-pressure cuff kwingalo yakho engasentla nasemaqakaleni ngokulula.
- Ngaphambi kokuba uye kuvavanyo, yiya kwindlu yangasese uze ukhuphe isinyi sakho.
Kwakhona, ukuba ukhe watyandwa ngaphambili ukuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakho, xelela umntu owenza uvavanyo ngaloo nto.Ndixelele ngokuqinisekileyo .
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo?
Ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyo luqale, uya kucelwa ukuba ulale ebhedini uze uphumle imizuzu eli-10 ukuya kwengama-30. Uya kucelwa ukuba ulale phantsi iingalo zakho zijonge phezulu kulo lonke uvavanyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuze ufumane umlinganiselo ochanekileyo, izandla zakho namaqatha akho kunokufuneka aphakanyisiwe ngento efana nemiqamelo emincinci ukuze abe kumgangatho ofanayo nentliziyo yakho.
Emva koko, umvavanyi ulinganisa uxinzelelo ngolu hlobo:
1. Uxinzelelo lwegazi lulinganiswa ngengalo enye.
2. Uxinzelelo lwegazi lulinganiswa eqatheni lomlenze kwicala elifanayo nengalo.
3. Linganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi eqatheni lomnye umlenze.
4. Linganisa uxinzelelo lwegazi kwelinye ingalo.
Baza kukuxelela ukuba umlinganiselo kufuneka uphindwe na. Lonke inkqubo yokulinganisa uxinzelelo ithatha ixesha elifutshane, phakathi kwemizuzu eli-10 nengama-20 .
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ngolu vavanyo?
Uvavanyo lwe-ABI luvavanyo olukhuselekileyo kakhulu. Amaxesha amaninzi akukho mingcipheko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho okanye umvavanyi wakho kwangaphambili:
- Ukuba unamanxeba avulekileyo okanye izilonda emlenzeni wakho, i-pressure cuff ayizukubekwa phezu kwelo nxeba. Kusenokufuneka wenze olunye uvavanyo.
- Ukuba usandul’ ukwenza utyando lwe-vascular bypass , kunokuba yingozi ukufaka uxinzelelo kwindawo enjalo nge-pressure cuff, kuba kukho umngcipheko wokwakheka kwamahlwili egazi.
Ungaziqonda njani iziphumo?
Indlela yokubala ixabiso le-ABI
Oku kulula kakhulu. Uthatha ixabiso eliphezulu le-systolic (oko kukuthi, inani eliphezulu loxinzelelo) kwiingxelo zakho ezimbini zoxinzelelo lweqakala uze ulwahlule ngexabiso eliphezulu le-systolic kwiingxelo zakho ezimbini zoxinzelelo lweengalo.
Umzekelo, cinga ngoku:
- Uxinzelelo olukwiqatha lakho lasekhohlo yi-105/65, kwaye kwiqatha lakho lasekunene yi-100/60.
- Uxinzelelo olungalweni yakho yasekhohlo yi-130/85, kwaye engalweni yakho yasekunene yi-125/80.
Ngoku masithathe elona xabiso liphezulu elivela eqatheni (105) size silahlule ngexabiso eliphezulu elivela esandleni (130).
105 ÷ 130 = 0.8
Ngokusekelwe kweli xabiso le-0.8, ungatsho ukuba une-PAD ethambileyo.
Intsingiselo yeziphumo
Ixabiso le-ABI lifanele libe phakathi kwe-1.0 ne-1.3. Ixabiso le-ABI eliyi-0.9 okanye ngaphantsi libonisa ukuba une-PAD.
| Ixabiso le-ABI | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|
| 1.0 – 1.3 | Eqhelekileyo |
| 0.9 – 1.0 | Umda - Esi sifo sele siza kuvela. |
| 0.7 – 0.9 | I-PAD ethambileyo |
| 0.4 – 0.7 | I-PAD ephakathi |
| Ngaphantsi kwe-0.4 | I-PAD Enzima |
Ngamanye amaxesha ixabiso le-ABI linokuba ngaphezulu kwe-1.4 . Oku kuthetha ukuba imithambo yakho iqinisiwe (i-calcified) ngenxa yokwaluphala okanye isifo seswekile. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, uvavanyo lwe-ABI lodwa alunakukwazi ukuxelela ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unayo i-PAD. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela olunye uvavanyo, olufana ne -toe-brachial index (elinganisa uxinzelelo kunyawo olukhulu endaweni yeqakala).
Kufuneka uthethe nini nogqirha wakho?
Ukuba awufumani iziphumo zakho ngoko nangoko, thetha nogqirha wakho owayalela uvavanyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwiziphumo zakho, unokufuna olunye uvavanyo okanye unyango.
Ukuba i-ABI yakho ingaphaya komlinganiselo oqhelekileyo, kunokufuneka uphinde olu vavanyo rhoqo. Oku kuya kunceda ugqirha wakho abone ukuba i-PAD yakho iya isiba mandundu okanye ukuba unyango luyasebenza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) luvavanyo olulula kakhulu, olungenazintlungu, nolukhuselekileyo lokufumanisa i-atherosclerosis (PAD) emilenzeni.
- Oku kuthelekisa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluseqakaleni lakho nasengalweni.
- Olu vavanyo lubaluleke kakhulu ukuba imilenze yakho iyaqaqamba xa uhamba, okanye ukuba unezinto ezinobungozi ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye ukutshaya.
- Ukubonwa kwangethuba kwesi sifo kunokuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokunqunyulwa kwelungu.
- Soloko uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga neziphumo zakho ze-ABI kunye namanyathelo omawuwathathe ngokulandelayo.
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