Sithandabuza kancinci ukuthetha ngamanye amalungu omzimba wethu, akunjalo? I-anus yenye yezona ndawo zinjalo. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba siqaphele iingxaki zempilo ezinxulumene nale nxalenye. Ngamanye amaxesha, utyando lunokufuneka ukuze kusonjululwe ezi ngxaki. Namhlanje sithetha ngotyando olunjalo, i-Anoplasty. Nokuba awukayiva le nto, ukwazi olu lwazi kunokuba lubalulekile kuwe okanye kumntu osondeleyo kuwe ngenye imini.
Yintoni i-Anoplasty?
Ngamafutshane, i-anoplasty yinkqubo yotyando elungisa okanye etshintsha i-anus yakho. Njengoko usazi, i-anus yinxalenye yokugqibela yamathumbu ethu amakhulu. Yinxalenye efana nombhobho malunga ne-3-4 centimeters ubude, ijikelezwe zimisipha. Ezi misipha (sphincters) zinceda ekuphumeni kwendle.
Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho isiphene kwindlela i-rectum engasebenzi kakuhle ngayo, olu tyando lwenziwa ukuze lulungiswe. Ezinye zezi ziphene zinokuba zezokuzalwa, ngelixa ezinye zinokuvela kamva ngenxa yengozi okanye imeko yempilo.
Utyando lwe-anorectal luhlobo lotyando olubandakanya i-anus kunye nenxalenye yokugqibela yamathumbu amakhulu (i-rectum).
Kutheni olu tyando luyimfuneko?
Kukho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokuba ne-anoplasty. Masiziqonde ngokucacileyo.
| Isizathu esiphambili | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Anal Stenosis | Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala. Izicwili zesikhumba zenzeka ngaphakathi kwe-rectum, zinciphisa indlela. Cinga ngayo njengombhobho wamanzi ovalwe luthuli. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"stricture." Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuphuma kwindle. Utyando luyimfuneko kuphela xa ezinye iindlela zonyango zingaphumeleli ukuphucula imeko. |
| Iimpazamo ze-Anorectal | Ezi ziziphene umntwana azalwa nazo. Umzekelo, i - Imperforate Anus yimeko apho umngxuma (umngxuma) we-anus ungekho okanye uvaliwe.Kuthetha ukuba umngxuma wempundu awukho apho ufanele ukuba khona, kodwa ukho kwindawo eyahlukileyo (ngokufuthi ngaphantsi). Lo mngxuma uhlala umxinwa, kwaye awunalo nokukwazi ukulawula indle. |
Olu tyando lwenziwa nini kumntwana omncinci?
Kuqhelekile ukuba abazali bothuke kakhulu xa befumanisa ukuba usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lunengxaki efana nale. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yenkqubela phambili kwisayensi yezonyango, kukho izisombululo ezisebenzayo zoku.
Ezinye iziphene ezilula zokuzalwa zinokulungiswa ngotyando olulula lwe-anoplasty, emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa umntwana ezelwe.
Nangona kunjalo, iintsana ezineziphene ezinzima ngakumbi zisenokufuna utyando oluninzi.
Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha uza kuqala enze i- colostomy . Oku kuthetha ukuba kwakheka umngxuma omncinci (stoma) esiswini somntwana, nto leyo edala indlela yexeshana yokuphuma kwendle. Oku kuvumela umntwana ukuba akhuphe indle ngokukhuselekileyo. Emva koko, ngexesha elifanelekileyo elimiselwe ngugqirha, kwenziwa i-anoplasty ukuze kulungiswe kakuhle i-anus. Emva koko, xa amanxeba epholile kakuhle, i-colostomy yexeshana iyasuswa, kwaye umntwana uyakwazi ukukhupha indle ngokuqhelekileyo nge-anus.
Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ukuba ungumntu omdala, ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ukuba ucoce amathumbu akho ngokupheleleyo (ukulungiselela amathumbu) ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kuquka ukukunika iyeza elikhethekileyo lolwelo (i-laxative) ukuze ulisele. Xa usela eli, yonke into emathunjini akho iya kuphuma kunye nendle yakho.
Kuya kufuneka ulawule ukutya kwakho usuku olunye okanye ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise eli yeza. Ngokuqhelekileyo uya kuxelelwa ukuba utye ukutya okune-fiber encinci kwaye usele kuphela ulwelo olucacileyo ngosuku lokugqibela. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?
Eyona njongo iphambili ye-anoplasty kukuphinda udale i-anus esebenzayo. Oko kwenziwa ngugqirha wakho kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.
Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa phantsi kwe-anesthesia jikelele .
- Kumntu one-anal stenosis: Ugqirha ususa izicubu ezibangela ukuncitshiswa. I-anus iphinda ivuleke kwakhona. Kodwa emva koko kuvela isithuba esincinci ngaphakathi. Ukuvala isithuba, kuthathwa iqhekeza elincinci lesikhumba (i-skin flap) ngaphandle kwe-anus, ukusuka ezinqeni, lize lifakwe kuloo ndawo lize lifakwe i-suture.
- Ukuba umntwana unesiphene sokuzalwa (i-Anorectal Malformation):Ugqirha wotyando kuya kufuneka enze umjelo omtsha wempundu. Lo mjelo mtsha kufuneka uqale emathunjini, udlule kwimisipha ye-anal sphincter, uze uvuleke kwindawo efanelekileyo. Ukuba kukho naziphi na ii-fistula ezivuleka kwiindawo ezingafanelekanga, ziya kuvalwa. Ukuba umntwana une-colostomy yexeshana, uya kuhlala apho de umjelo omtsha wempundu uphole.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho emva kotyando?
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi kunye neengxaki ezinokubakho, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.
| Uhlobo lwengxaki | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zexesha elifutshane | |
| Usulelo | Usulelo lunokwenzeka ngelixa inxeba liphola. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukufundisa indlela yokuthintela oku. |
| Ihlwili legazi (iHematoma) | Igazi lingaqokelelana ngaphakathi kwenxeba lize lenze ihlwili. Oku kunganyangwa ngokufaka umkhenkce kunye nokucinezela. |
| Ubunzima bokuchama (Ukugcinwa komchamo) | Abanye abantu banokuba nobunzima bokuchama emva kotyando, nto leyo enokufuna amayeza okanye i-catheter yexeshana. |
| Ukuqhinwa | Ukuqhinwa kwesisu kungenzeka emva kotyando. Ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza afunekayo oku. |
| Iingxaki zexesha elide | |
| Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba ngamathumbu | Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba utyando lonakalise izihlunu okanye imithambo-luvo. Abanye abantwana abaneziphene zokuzalwa banokulahlekelwa yimithambo-luvo nemisipha efunekayo kwasekuqaleni. Abanye abantu banokuyilawula le nto ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngale nto. |
| I-Stenosis | Ukuba i-anus ayivuleki imihla ngemihla ngexesha lokuphiliswa, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba inciphe kwakhona. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukwenza ukwandiswa njengoko ugqirha eyalele. |
| Irhashalala le-diaper | Xa abantwana beqala ukukhupha indle ngempundu, banokuba nerhashalala enkulu kwesikhumba kuloo ndawo. Oku kungenxa yokuba ulusu aluqhelanga ukuthulula indle. Amafutha akhethekileyo anokunceda ukuthintela nokunyanga oku. |
Linjani ixesha lokuchacha?
Inkqubo yokuphiliswa idla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8. Ngeli xesha, kuya kufuneka wenze utyando lwe-anal yonke imihla . Eli linyathelo elibaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuphiliswa. Isixhobo esikhethekileyo (i-dilator) sifakwa kwi-anus yonke imihla size sitsalwe. Oku kwenzelwa ukuthintela i-anus ukuba ingaphindi inciphe kwaye ibangele amanxeba njengoko iphola.
Kuqhelekile ukuba wophe kancinci xa usenza oku, ngoko ungakhathazeki. Ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza okulawula iintlungu. Uza kukuxelela nokuba ulandele ukutya okukhethekileyo ngelixa uphola.
Khumbula, ezi meko azixhaphakanga kangako. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ziyenzeka, i-anoplasty lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu. Ingakumbi kuba umntwana onesiphene esinzima sokuzalwa usenokungakwazi ukubuyela kwisiqhelo ngokupheleleyo, olu tyando lunokubanika ithuba lokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Anoplasty lutyando olwenziwayo ukulungisa i-anal stenosis kubantu abadala okanye iziphene zokuzalwa kwiintsana.
- Ezinye iintsana zinokufuna i-colostomy yexeshana ukuze ziphume indle ngaphambi kotyando oluphambili.
- Ukwandiswa kwempundu imihla ngemihla emva kotyando kubalulekile ukuthintela ukuba indlela entsha ephumayo inganciphi.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nokunyamekela amanxeba, ukutya okunempilo, kunye nokutyelela ugqirha wakho emva konyango.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iingxaki, ezinje ngentlungu eqatha, iimpawu zosulelo (ukudumba, ukubomvu, ubomvu), okanye ubunzima obukhulu bokuchama/ukukhupha indle, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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