Ngaba ufumana amaqhuqhuva xa uchukumisa uthuli? Okanye ngaba ngequbuliso uqala ukurhawuzelela uze ube namaqhuqhuva abomvu? Ngamaxesha anje, uninzi lwethu luqhele ukuya kwikhemesti sicele "ipilisi ye-allergy." Ewe, la mayeza anika isiqabu ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa, singakanani ulwazi esinalo ngamayeza esiwasebenzisayo, oko kukuthi, ii-antihistamines? Namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto ngokuchanekileyo nangokulula.
Yintoni le antihistamine?
Ngamafutshane, ii-antihistamine liqela lamayeza asebenza ngokuchasene ("anti" kuthetha "ngokuchasene") nekhemikhali emzimbeni wethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-histamine .
Ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba yintoni le histamine. I-Histamine sisithunywa seekhemikhali esiveliswa yinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Omnye wemisebenzi yayo ephambili kukulungiselela umzimba wethu ukuba ulwe nento enobungozi, 'i-allergen'. Izinto ezinokubangela i-allergies ziquka:
- Izinto ezikwindalo esingqongileyo: uthuli, impova, i-dander yezilwanyana zasekhaya, isikhunta.
- Ukulunywa zizinambuzane.
- Ukutya okuthile.
- Amanye amayeza.
Xa into efana nale idibana nomzimba, i-histamine iyasebenza kwaye ibangela iimpawu ezifana nokuthimla, impumlo egobhozayo, amehlo arhawuzelelwayo, kunye neentlungu zomzimba. Ngoko ke into eyenziwa yi-antihistamine kukuthintela ukusebenza kwe-histamine. Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, la mayeza asetyenziselwa nezinye iingxaki zesisu.
Nangona ii-antihistamines ezininzi zifumaneka ngaphandle kwe-odolo (OTC), ezinye zifuna uxwebhu oluvela kugqirha. Kwakhona, uninzi lwamayeza esiwasebenzisayo xa sinomkhuhlane kunye nokukhwehlela akwanazo nee-antihistamines.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iintlobo ze-antihistamines?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-antihistamines, kuxhomekeke ekubeni zisebenza kwi-histamine receptor enjani.
1. Ezo zithintela ii-H1 receptors: Ezi zezona sizisebenzisa rhoqo xa kukho i-allergies.
2. Ii-H2 receptor blockers: Ezi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiimeko ezifana nokudumba kwesisu kunye ne-gastritis.
Ii-antihistamines ze-H1 - iyeza lokunyanga i-allergies
Ezi H1 receptors zifumaneka phantse kuyo yonke indawo emzimbeni wethu. Kwiindawo ezifana neeseli zobuchopho, iindlela zokuphefumla, kunye nemithambo yegazi. Xa ezi zinto zivuselelwa, iimpawu ze-allergy esithethe ngazo ziyavela. Ke ngoko, ezi mpawu zilawulwa nge-H1 antihistamines.
| Ixesha lokusebenzisa ii-antihistamines ze-H1 | |
|---|---|
| I-Allergic rhinitis - (Umkhuhlane wengca) | Ukuthimla rhoqo, impumlo egobhozayo. |
| Ububomvu bamehlo (i-Allergic conjunctivitis) | I-aleji ibangela amehlo abomvu, arhawuzelelweyo, namanzi. |
| Ukusabela kwesikhumba okubangelwa kukwalana komzimba | Umzekelo: Ukurhawuzelela, ukurhawuzelela, ukurhawuzelela. |
| Ukuhlanza kunye nesicaphucaphu | Ukuba unesicaphucaphu xa useluhambeni. |
Ezi antihistamines ze-H1 zahlulwe kwakhona zibe ngamaqela amabini. Njengezizukulwana ezibini. Isizukulwana sokuqala nesesibini .
Ii-antihistamine zesizukulwana sokuqala
Ezi zezokuqala ukufunyanwa, kwaye zindala kancinci. Ingxaki enkulu ngezi zinto kukuba zibangela ukozela okukhulu . Isizathu soku kukuba la mayeza angena lula engqondweni yethu. IPiriton (Chlorpheniramine) sisiyobisi esikweli klasi kwaye sonke siyayazi loo nto.
Ii-antihistamine zesizukulwana sesibini
Ezi zezona ntlobo zintsha neziphucukileyo. Azilalisi okanye azithomalalisi. Ngoko ke kulula ukuzisebenzisa xa usebenza okanye ufunda. I-Cetirizine, i-Loratadine, kunye ne-Fexofenadine zimizekelo yolu hlobo lwamayeza.
I-antihistamine ye-H2 - iyeza lokuthintela isisu esibuhlungu
Ezi H2 receptors zifumaneka kakhulu kwiiseli ezivelisa iasidi esiswini sethu. Yiyo loo nto ezi H2 antihistamines zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iingxaki zesisu.
- I-Gastritis
- I-GERD (i-reflux ye-acid engapheliyo) - Oku kuthetha ukuba i-asidi yesisu inyuka iye emqaleni.
- Isifo sesilonda sePeptic
Amayeza afana neFamotidine kunye neCimetidine aphantsi kolu didi.
Ndingayisebenzisa njani le yeza?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ayizizo zonke ii-antihistamines ezifanayo. Ke ngoko,
- Indlela yokusebenzisa amayeza: Amanye amapilisi kufuneka athathwe kunye nokutya. Amanye angathathwa odwa. Ukuba ngamaconsi amehlo okanye ikhrimu, kufuneka wazi indlela echanekileyo yokuwasebenzisa.
- Idosi: Idosi iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubudala, ubunzima, kunye nohlobo lwamayeza. Thatha ubungakanani obuchazwe ngugqirha wakho.
- Ufanele uthabathe nini: Ezinye zithathwa kanye ngemini. Ezinye kufuneka zithathwe kaninzi ngemini. Ukuba unohlobo olukwenza ulale, kungcono ukuba uluthathe ebusuku ngaphambi kokuba ulale.
- Ubude bexesha lokusetyenziswa: Amanye amayeza angasetyenziswa rhoqo, kodwa amanye acetyiswa iintsuku ezimbalwa kuphela.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Eyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo kukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba loluphi unyango kunye nedosi efanelekileyo kuwe.
Ungaze uzenze ezi zinto!
- Musa ukuphinda kabini idosi. Musa ukuthatha iipilisi ezimbini ngaxeshanye ukuze ubuyisele idosi ongayithathanga.
- Musa ukuthatha amayeza kwangaphambili.
- Musa ukuthatha iintlobo ezimbini zee-antihistamines ngaxeshanye ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Musa ukunika abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala amayeza okulwa nomkhuhlane ii-antihistamines ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Musa ukuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini ngelixa usela ii-antihistamines zesizukulwana sokuqala (ezibangela ukozela) . Oku kunokubangela iingozi.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zee-antihistamines?
Njengazo zonke amayeza, le inokuba nemiphumo emibi, kodwa iyahluka kumntu nomntu.
| Uhlobo lwe-antihistamine | Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho |
|---|---|
| Isizukulwana sokuqala (iintlobo ezilalayo) | Ukozela kakhulu, umlomo namehlo omileyo, ukubona izinto ezingaqondakaliyo, isiyezi, ubunzima bokuchama. |
| Isizukulwana sesibini (iintlobo ezingakwazi ukulala kakhulu) | Intloko ebuhlungu, ukukhohlela, umphimbo obuhlungu, isisu esibuhlungu. (Iidosi eziphezulu zinokubangela ukozela). |
| i-H2 antihistamine (yesisu esibuhlungu) | Ezi azinazo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kodwa abanye abantu banokuba nokudinwa, urhudo okanye ukuqhinwa, kunye neentloko ezibuhlungu. |
Iingozi kunye neengxaki
Nangona ifumaneka lula kwiikhemesti, eli yeza linokuba yingozi ukuba lisetyenziswa gwenxa. Umngcipheko ophambili kukusebenzisa i-overdose . Lo mngcipheko uphezulu ngakumbi xa usetyenziswa kunye namanye amayeza, afana ne-sedative kunye neepilisi zokulala.
Iimpawu zokugqithisa:
- Ukozela kakhulu
- Ukubona izinto ezingabonakaliyo (iiHallucinations)
- Ukungazoli (ingakumbi phakathi kwabantwana)
- Umbono ofipheleyo
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (iTachycardia)
- Ukuxhuzula
Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nifumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, yiyani kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Ukusela kakhulu kunokubulala. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba utyhefekile, fowunela iZiko loLwazi lweePoison kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo.
Kwakhona, ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane.
- Isifo seswekile
- Iingxaki zeprostate (iprostate ekhulisiweyo)
- Isifo sokuwa
- Isifo sentliziyo
- Igazi elonyukayo
- I-Glaucoma
- Iingxaki ze-thyroid
Ingaba ikhuselekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunye noomama abancancisayo?
Ukuba ukhulelwe, uzama ukukhulelwa, okanye uncancisa, kungcono ukubonisana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe naluphi na unyango. Nangona ezinye ii-antihistamines zifunyenwe zikhuselekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ugqirha wakho kufuneka agqibe ukuba yeyiphi ekulungeleyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Yazi kakuhle ukuba usebenzisa uhlobo lobuthongo okanye olungalaliyo.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho okanye imiyalelo ekwiphakheji yamayeza. Ungaze uthathe ngaphezu komlinganiselo omiselweyo.
- Lumka kakhulu xa unika abantwana kunye nabantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala amayeza okulwa ne-antihistamine. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukuba uthatha i-antihistamine ebangela ukozela, kuphephe ukuqhuba nokusebenzisa oomatshini abayingozi.
- Ukuba unezinye iingxaki zempilo, ukhulelwe, okanye ungumama oncancisayo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane.
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