Sonke sivile nge-cholesterol, akunjalo? Siyazi ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu "e-cholesterol embi" (LDL) egazini anyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sohlangothi. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba kukho olunye uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo olunokukuxelela okungakumbi ngomngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunokulinganisa i-cholesterol embi? Olo vavanyo luvavanyo lwe-Apo B. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni i-Apo B? Kutheni ibalulekile?
Ngamafutshane, i-Apo B (i-apolipoprotein B) luhlobo lweproteni. Yicinge njenge "teksi." Le teksi ithwala ii-lipids (i-cholesterol embi, efana ne-LDL kunye ne-VLDL) ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye egazini. Oko kukuthi, le protein ebizwa ngokuba yi-Apo B inamathele kumasuntswana e-cholesterol embi.
Into ebalulekileyo apha kukuba kukho isuntswana elinye le-Apo B kwisuntswana elinye le-LDL. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho umlinganiselo we-one-to-one phakathi kwezi zimbini.
Ukuchaneka, ngokujonga inani lamasuntswana e-Apo B egazini lakho, singatsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuba zingaphi amasuntswana e-cholesterol embi egazini lakho. Olu luvavanyo oluchanekileyo kakhulu.
Ngokwesiqhelo, uvavanyo lwe-cholesterol esilwenzayo (i-lipid panel) lulinganisa uxinano lwe-cholesterol egazini. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi kubantu abanesifo seswekile okanye i-metabolic syndrome, amasuntswana e-cholesterol amabi anokuba mancinci kwaye abe makhulu. Emva koko, nokuba ixabiso elivela kuvavanyo lwe-cholesterol oluqhelekileyo lingaphakathi koluhlu oluqhelekileyo, kunokubakho inani elikhulu lamasuntswana anobungozi egazini.
Kwimeko enjalo, uvavanyo lwe-Apo B luchanekile kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto abanye oogqirha bethemba uvavanyo lwe-Apo B ngaphezu kovavanyo lwe-cholesterol oluqhelekileyo ukuze balinganise umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo.
Ufanele ulwenze nini uvavanyo lwe-Apo B?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu vavanyo:
- Funda ngakumbi ngomngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo: Olu vavanyo lungasetyenziswa njengolwazi olongezelelweyo xa kunzima ukufumana umfanekiso ocacileyo womngcipheko wakho kwiziphumo zovavanyo olulula lwe-cholesterol.
- Ukuba unembali yesifo sentliziyo kusapho lwakho: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba nesifo sentliziyo esemncinci, oku kungabalulekanga ukuze kuhlolwe umngcipheko wakho.
- Ukuba unezinye iimeko zempilo, ezifana nesifo seswekile: Abantu abanezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, ukutyeba kakhulu, okanye isifo se-metabolic syndrome basengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo sentliziyo. Uvavanyo lwe-Apo B lunokunceda ekuhloleni ngokuchanekileyo umngcipheko wabo.
- Jonga impendulo kumayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol:Ukuba uthatha amayeza afana nee-statins ukunciphisa i-cholesterol yakho, olu vavanyo lukwasetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba lusebenza kangakanani na olo nyango.
Ulungiselela njani olu vavanyo?
Oku kulula kakhulu. Ukuba wenza uvavanyo lwe-Apo B kuphela, akufuneki uzile ukutya ngaphambi kovavanyo.
Nangona kunjalo, uninzi loogqirha luya kwenza uvavanyo lwe-cholesterol ngokubanzi (i-lipid panel) kunye nolu vavanyo. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kuya kufuneka uyeke ukutya okanye ukusela malunga neeyure ezili-12 . Ukusela amanzi kulungile. Enyanisweni, ukusela amanzi amaninzi ngaphambi kokuba uthathe igazi kwenza kube lula kumntu othatha igazi ukufumana umthambo emzimbeni wakho.
Kuya kuba lula kuwe ukunxiba ihempe enemikhono emifutshane ngomhla wovavanyo. Ngale ndlela, kuya kuba lula ukutsalwa igazi.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha nasemva kovavanyo?
Oku kufana nje nokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi. Akukho nto inokubangela ixhala.
1. Bakwenza uhlale esitulweni baze bakuxelele ukuba wolule isandla sakho.
2. Emva koko, ibhande lerabha (i-tourniquet) liqiniswa lijikeleze ingalo yakho engasentla, liveze umthambo.
3. Coca indawo yokufaka inaliti nge-alcohol swab.
4. Emva koko, kufakwa inaliti encinci emthanjeni kwaye umlinganiselo wegazi ofunekayo uqokelelwa kwityhubhu.
5. Nje ukuba igazi litsalwe, ibhendi yerabha iyasuswa, inaliti isuswe, kwaye iqhekeza lekotoni libekwe kwindawo leyo lize licinezelwe phantsi okwethutyana. Emva koko kufakwa iplasta encinci kwindawo leyo.
Uninzi lwabantu aluziva lungonwabanga emva kokutsalwa igazi. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuziva benesiyezi okanye bengaboni kakuhle. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, hlala phantsi okwethutyana. Ukuthoba intloko yakho phakathi kwamadolo okanye ukusela amanzi kunokunceda.
Kunokubakho ukukrweleka okuncinci kwindawo apho igazi litsalwa khona kangangeentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Oku kuqhelekile.
Ndiziqonda njani iziphumo zengxelo?
Iziphumo zovavanyo lwe-Apo B-100 zixelwe ngee-milligrams nge-deciliter nganye (mg/dL). Le theyibhile iya kukunceda uqonde iziphumo.
| Inqanaba le-Apo B (mg/dL) | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|
| Ngaphantsi kwe-100 mg/dL | Inqanaba elihle kakhulu (Elilungileyo). Umngcipheko omncinci wesifo sentliziyo. |
| 100 - 129 mg/dL | Kunobungozi obuthile (Umda uphezulu). |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-130 mg/dL | Umngcipheko ophezulu. Ubonisa umngcipheko ophezulu wezifo zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi. |
Kubalulekile: Ezinye izikhokelo zeengcali zentliziyo zicebisa ukuba abantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwama-40 nama-75 ubudala abasele bethatha amayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol (statins) bajonge ukugcina amanqanaba e-Apo B engaphantsi kwama-65 mg/dL okanye ama-80 mg/dL . Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
Ezinye izizathu ezinokubangela utshintsho kumanqanaba e-Apo B
Ukongeza kwingozi yesifo sentliziyo, ezinye iimeko zinokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-Apo B anyuke okanye ehle.
| Izizathu zokuphakama kwamanqanaba e-Apo B | Izizathu zokuba namanqanaba aphantsi e-Apo B |
|---|---|
| Ukukhulelwa | Usulelo olunzima olufana ne-sepsis |
| Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol egazini | Isifo sesibindi |
| Izifo zezintso ezifana ne-nephrotic syndrome | Ukuthatha i-hormone ye-estrogen |
Ukuba amazinga e-Apo B aphezulu, yintoni omele uyenze ngokulandelayo?
Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-Apo B liphezulu, ungoyiki. Oko kuthetha ukuba usemngciphekweni kwaye kufuneka ujongwe. Icebiso elinikiweyo apha lifana nelo ugqirha angalinika xa i-cholesterol yakho embi (LDL) iphezulu.
Bazi:
- Ukuzilolonga: Zilolonge ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku. Ungenza into efana nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukubaleka, okanye ukukhwela ibhayisekile.
- Ukutya okunempilo: Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwiziqhamo nemifuno. Nciphisa ukutya okuneoyile eninzi, ukutya okuqhotsiweyo, ukutya okucutshungulweyo, kunye namafutha ezilwanyana (amafutha agcweleyo).
- Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Zama ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni obuhambelana nobude bakho.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba uyatshaya, kubalulekile ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo.
- Amayeza: Ngamanye amaxesha ukutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo akwanelanga. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okunciphisa i-cholesterol, njenge -statin .
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale nayiphi na kwezi zinto, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uxoxe ngokucokisekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga neziphumo zakho kunye namanyathelo alandelayo omawuwathathe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Apo B yiproteni ethwala amasuntswana e-cholesterol embi (LDL). Ke ngoko, ukulinganisa amanqanaba e-Apo B kunokunika umbono ochanekileyo ngenani lamasuntswana e-cholesterol embi.
- Kwezinye iimeko, uvavanyo lwe-Apo B luchaneke ngakumbi ekulinganiseni umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunovavanyo lwe-cholesterol oluqhelekileyo.
- Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-Apo B liphezulu kune-130 mg/dL, oko kubonisa umngcipheko ophezulu wesifo sentliziyo.
- Ukuba inqanaba lakho le-Apo B liphezulu, linokulawulwa ngokuphila ubomi obusempilweni, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, uthathe amayeza njengoko uyalelwe ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zengxelo yakho okanye unyango lwakho, buza ugqirha wakho.
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