Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ngendlela engaqhelekanga? Ngaba uziva ngathi intlanzi iyasokola esifubeni sakho okanye ibhabhathane liyabhabha? Musa ukuzithatha nje njengezingaqhelekanga ezi zinto. Oku kungaba yimeko enzima enxulumene nesingqi sentliziyo yakho. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko enjalo, i-Atrial Fibrillation, okanye i-AFIB njengoko sonke sisazi.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Atrial Fibrillation (AFib)?
Kulungile, masenze oku kube lula kakhulu. Intliziyo yakho ineegumbi ezine eziphambili. Iigumbi ezimbini eziphezulu zibizwa ngokuba yi-atria , kwaye iigumbi ezimbini ezisezantsi zibizwa ngokuba zii-ventricles . Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi gumbi ziyafinyela ngendlela enesingqisho, ngokwesiginali esivela kwinkqubo yombane yendalo yentliziyo. Oko kukuthi, iigumbi eziphezulu (i-atria) ziyafinyela zize zipompe igazi kwiigumbi ezisezantsi (ii-ventricles). Emva koko iigumbi ezisezantsi ziyafinyela zize zipompe elo gazi emzimbeni wonke. Yile nto siyivayo njengentliziyo yethu.
Kodwa kwenzeka into eyahlukileyo kumntu one-AFIB. Endaweni yokuba kubekho isignali yombane ehlelekileyo esuka kwindawo enye iye kwigumbi eliphezulu lentliziyo (i-atria), imiqondiso emininzi yombane engaqhelekanga nekhawulezayo iqala ukuphuma kwiindawo ezininzi ngaxeshanye.
Khawucinge ngento ebiya kwenzeka ukuba, endaweni yokuba kubekho umqhubi omnye kwi-orchestra, abaqhubi abalishumi bebeqhuba umculo ngaxeshanye. Abaculi bebengazi ukuba mabamamele bani okanye badlale siphi isigqi. Wonke umculo ubuya kuba yingxubakaxaka, akunjalo? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo kumagumbi aphezulu entliziyo kwi-AFib.
Ngenxa yezi mpawu ziphazamisayo, i-atria iqala ukungcangcazela endaweni yokufinyela ngokufanelekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, azikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo kwiigumbi ezisezantsi. Iigumbi ezisezantsi (iiseli) ezisabela kwezi mpawu ziphazamisayo ezivela kwiigumbi eziphezulu nazo ziqala ukubetha ngokungacwangciswanga nangokukhawuleza. Siva ukubetha kwezi gumbi zisezantsi njengentliziyo. Ngoko ke kukwaba ngokungacwangciswanga nangokukhawuleza.
Zithini iimpawu zomntu one-AFIB?
Ayinguye wonke umntu one-AFIB onokuba neempawu, kodwa uninzi lwabantu luya kufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:
| Uphawu | Ivakala njani? (Ivakala njani) |
|---|---|
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungangqalanga | Uzive ngathi ibhabhathane libhabha esifubeni sakho, njengentlanzi ezamazamayo, okanye ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza ngequbuliso. |
| Ukudinwa Okugqithisileyo | Ukudinwa kakhulu nokudinwa ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Isiyezi/ Ubudenge | Ndiziva ndinesizungu, ndinentloko ebuhlungu. |
| Ukuquleka / Ukungakwazi ukunxibelelana | Ngequbuliso ndalahlekelwa ziingqondo ndaza ndawa. |
| Ukuphefumla okunzima/Ukuphelelwa ngamandla | Intlungu ivakala nokuba uhamba kancinci okanye wenza umsebenzi oqhelekileyo. |
| Intlungu yesifuba / i-Angina | Ukuziva uxinezelekile, uxinzelelo, okanye intlungu esifubeni. |
Ngaba i-AFIB yimeko ekufuneka uyoyike?
Ewe. I-AFib yimeko enzima ekufuneka uyixhalabele ngokuqinisekileyo. Inzima nokuba uneempawu okanye awunazo. Kuba xa isingqisho sentliziyo siphazamisekile, igazi linokudibana ngaphakathi entliziyweni, ingakumbi kwi-atria, kwaye amahlwili egazi anokwenzeka.
Ukuba ihlwili legazi liyaqhekeka lize libhajwe emthanjeni wegazi oya ebuchotsheni, lingabangela isifo sohlangothi . Lingenza intliziyo ibe buthathaka ngokuhamba kwexesha, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiimeko ezifana nokusilela kwentliziyo . Ngoko ke ukuba uneempawu ze-AFIB, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza!
Ukuba oku kulandelayo kuyenzeka kuwe, ungalibazisi. Tsalela umnxeba kwiNkonzo yeeAmbulensi ka-1990 ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane:
* Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha esifubeni .
* Ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumla .
* Ukuba ulahlekelwa zingqondo okanye uziva ngathi ufuna ukulahlekelwa zingqondo.
Zithini izizathu kunye nezinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-AFIB?
Akukho sizathu sinye se-AFIB. Zininzi izizathu kunye nezinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko ezinokubangela oku.
Izizathu eziphambili
- Ezinye izifo zentliziyo: Ukuba sele unesifo sentliziyo, isifo sevalvu yentliziyo, ukusilela kwentliziyo, okanye isifo semithambo yegazi, umngcipheko wakho we-AFIB uphezulu.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Iimeko ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, ukutyeba kakhulu, isifo seswekile, i-hyperthyroidism, isifo sezintso esingapheliyo, kunye ne-obstructive sleep apnea zinokukhokelela kwi-AFIB.
- Izinto ezibangela imfuza: I-AFIB idla ngokusebenza kwiintsapho, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho impembelelo yemfuza (`iinguqu zemfuza`).
- Utyando lwentliziyo: Abanye abantu banokuba ne-AFIB nangona benziwe utyando lwentliziyo ngesinye isizathu.
Ezinye izinto ezonyusa umngcipheko
- Ukwaluphala: Umngcipheko wokufumana i-AFIB uyanda kancinci kancinci emva kweminyaka engama-65.
- Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo: Ukusela utywala obungaphezulu kunomlinganiselo ocetyiswayo, ingakumbi ukusela kakhulu, kuyawunyusa kakhulu umngcipheko we-AFIB.
- Ukungazilolongi umzimba: Ukungazilolongi ngokwaneleyo imihla ngemihla nako kuyingozi.
- Ukuzilolonga kakhulu: Musa ukumangaliswa kukuba, into eninzi ayilunganga, kwaye kwaneeyure zokuzilolonga ezinzima ngosuku kangangeminyaka emininzi zinokunyusa umngcipheko we-AFIB kwabanye abantu.
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo i-AFIB?
Xa usiya kugqirha, baza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho baze bakuhlole. Uvavanyo oluphambili lokuqinisekisa i-AFIB yi- ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) .
- Uvavanyo lwe-ECG (EKG): Olu lurekhodo lomsebenzi wombane wentliziyo yakho. Ugqirha angakuxelela ukuba isingqisho sentliziyo yakho asihambelani okanye ukuba une-AFib.
Ukongeza, ugqirha angacebisa ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga izinto ezifana namanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid kunye nokusebenza kwezintso.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Oku kufana nokuskena intliziyo. Kunceda ukuqonda ngcono ubukhulu bamagumbi entliziyo, umsebenzi weevalvu, kunye nokukwazi kwentliziyo ukupompa.
- I-Holter Monitor: Ngamanye amaxesha i-AFIB ayihlali ikhona. Iyafika ize ihambe. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, isixhobo esincinci esinamathele emzimbeni wakho iiyure ezingama-24 okanye ezingama-48 sirekhoda rhoqo i-ECG yakho. Oku kujonga isingqisho sentliziyo yakho ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo yasekhaya.
Zithini izigaba ze-AFIB?
I-AFib yimeko enokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngoko oogqirha bayihlukanise yaba ngamanqanaba aliqela.
Inqanaba loku-1: Isemngciphekweni we-AFIB
Aba bantu abanayo i-AFIB, kodwa banezinto ezinobungozi ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile kunye nokutyeba kakhulu.
Inqanaba lesi-2: I-Pre-AFib
Aba bantu abakabi nayo i-AFIB okwangoku. Kodwa uvavanyo lwe-ECG okanye lwe-Echo lubonisa utshintsho oluncinci entliziyweni. Olu vavanyo lubonisa umngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana i-AFIB.
Isigaba sesi-3: Isimo se-AFib (i-AFib)
Xa i-ECG iqinisekisa i-AFIB, oku kwahlulwe kwangamacandelo aliqela.
- I-Paroxysmal AFib: I-AFib iyenzeka kwaye idla ngokuziphelela ngaphandle konyango, ngesiqhelo kwiintsuku ezisi-7 (ngesiqhelo kwiiyure ezingama-24-48).
- I-AFib Engapheliyo: I-AFib ihlala ixesha elingaphezulu kweentsuku ezisi-7 kwaye ifuna unyango ukuze iyeke.
- I-AFib ehlala ixesha elide: I-AFib ihlala ixesha elingaphezu konyaka.
- Ukususwa kwe-AFIB okuphumeleleyo: I-AFIB ilawulwa emva kotyando okanye olunye unyango.
Inqanaba lesi-4: I-AFib esisigxina
Ngeli xesha, isigulana nogqirha bagqiba kunye ukuba abayi kuzama ukuguqula imeko ye-AFIB. Ingqwalasela ikukulawula isantya sentliziyo kunye nokuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-AFIB?
Kukho iinjongo ezintathu eziphambili zonyango lwe-AFIB:
1. Ukulawula isantya sentliziyo.
2. Ukubuyisela isingqisho sentliziyo.
3. Ukuthintela iingxaki ezifana nestroke.
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango zoku.
1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Le yisiseko.
- Ukugcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Ukuba utyebile kakhulu, kubalulekile ukunciphisa umzimba.
- Nciphisa utywala kwaye uphephe ukutshaya: Oku kwandisa umngcipheko kunye neempawu ze-AFIB.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Yenza umthambo ofanelekileyo kuwe, njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisile.
- Ukulawula izifo ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo seswekile: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula ezi zifo ngokufanelekileyo.
2. Amayeza
Ugqirha angakunika iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.
- Amayeza alawula izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo:Ezi zinceda ekunciphiseni isantya sentliziyo (umz. `Metoprolol`, `Diltiazem`).
- Amayeza alawula isingqisho sentliziyo: La mayeza anceda ukubuyisela isingqisho esingaqhelekanga kwisingqisho esiqhelekileyo (`isingqisho se-sinus`) (umz. `Amiodarone`).
- Iianticoagulants / I-Blood Thinners: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu . La mayeza amiselwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-stroke. I-`Warfarin` liyeza elidala. Amayeza amatsha (`DOACs`) afana ne-`Apixaban` kunye ne-`Rivaroxaban` nawo asetyenziswa kakhulu ngoku. Ungaze uyeke la mayeza okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
3. Unyango lokukhupha isisu (ukukhupha isisu kwi-AFIB)
Ukuba i-AFIB kunzima ukuyilawula ngamayeza, ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu nyango.
- Ukususwa kweCatheter: Kule nto, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) ngemithambo yegazi emqolo ukuya entliziyweni ukuze kufunyanwe iindawo entliziyweni ezithumela imiqondiso yombane engaqhelekanga ebangela i-AFIB ize emva koko izicime ngokusebenzisa ubushushu okanye ukubanda kakhulu.
- Inkqubo yeMaze: Oku kwenziwa ngotyando lwentliziyo evulekileyo. Kwenziwa imingxunya emincinci kwi-atria yentliziyo ukuze kwenziwe ipateni ethintela imiqondiso yombane engaqhelekanga ukuba ingahambi.
4. Ezinye iinkqubo
- I-Cardioversion: Inkqubo ebuyisela ngokukhawuleza isigqi sentliziyo, nokuba kukwimeko engxamisekileyo okanye ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo, ngokuhambisa umothuko wombane esifubeni okanye ngokunika amayeza.
- Ukuvalwa kwe-Left Atrial Appendage (LAA): Kufakwa isixhobo esincinci ukuvala inxalenye encinci yentliziyo efana nengxowa apho kunokwenzeka khona ukuba kubekho amahlwili egazi. Oku kungafaneleka kubantu abangakwaziyo ukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi.
Ungaphila njani ne-AFIB? Ngaba inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?
Unyango lunokuthintela i-AFIB ukuba ingenzeki okanye lubuyisele isigqi sayo. Kodwa i-AFIB yimeko ehlala ixesha elide engenakunyangwa . Nokuba iimpawu ziyaphela emva konyango, zinokubuya. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho, ufumane uhlolo rhoqo, kwaye uthathe amayeza akho njengoko kumiselwe.
Xa kufikwa kubude bobomi bomntu one-AFib, kuyinyani ukuba ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba abantu abane-AFib banokuba nobomi obufutshane kancinci kunobo bonke abantu. Kodwa loo nto yinkcukacha-manani nje. Ukuba usebenza nogqirha wakho, wenze utshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo, usele amayeza akho ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ulawule le meko kakuhle, nawe ungaphila ubomi obude nobunempilo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Atrial Fibrillation (AFib) yimeko enzima apho intliziyo ibetha ngokungacwangciswanga. Musa ukuyityeshela njengento nje enye.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ukudinwa kakhulu, okanye isiyezi, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye ukulahlekelwa zingqondo yimeko engxamisekileyo. Yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko lesibhedlele esikufutshane (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Umngcipheko ophambili we-AFIB sistroke. Ukuthintela oku, sebenzisa amayeza achazwe kanye njengoko kuchazwe.
- Ngotshintsho lwendlela yokuphila, amayeza, kunye nolunye unyango ukuba kuyimfuneko, i-AFIB inokulawulwa kakuhle kwaye ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
- Ugqirha wakho uyayazi imeko yakho ngcono. Hlala unxibelelana naye kwaye ulandele icebiso lakhe.
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