Ngaba uhlala unesitshiso sentliziyo? Njengesifo se-gastritis? Ngaba uziva ngathi ukutya kuyabuya emqaleni emva kokutya? Uninzi lwethu luyazilibala ezi zinto, sicinga ukuba "ziqhelekile." Kodwa emva kwezi mpawu zibonakala zincinci, kusenokuba kukho into esingacingi ngayo kwaye esifanele siyixhalabele kancinci. Leyo yimeko esithetha ngayo kweli nqaku namhlanje. Leyo yi-"Barrett's Esophagus."
Kalula nje, yintoni i-Barrett's Esophagus?
Kulungile, masichaze oku ngokulula. Uyazi ukuba xa siginya ukutya, kungena emlonyeni wethu ukuya esiswini ngetyhubhu ebizwa ngokuba yi-esophagus . Njengendlela yethu yonke yokugaya ukutya (i-GI tract), ingaphakathi lale esophagus ligcwele umaleko omncinci, okhuselayo weeseli.
Kodwa khawucinge nje ukuba emva kwexesha elide, kukho into eqhubeka nokonakalisa okanye ukucaphukisa olu lwelo luthambileyo. Umzekelo, usenokuba ne-acid esiswini ebuyela emqaleni wakho rhoqo. Njengoko oku kuqhubeka, iiseli ezikumphimbo wakho azisenakukwazi ukumelana nomonakalo. Emva koko, ezo seli ziqala ukutshintsha ukuze zizikhusele.
Olu tshintsho lwenzeka xa iiseli eziqhelekileyo kwi-esophagus ziqala ukukhula zibe luhlobo olwahlukileyo lweseli, olufana neeseli ezisemathunjini ethu. Kwizonyango, sibiza oku ngokuthi (i-Intestinal Metaplasia) .
Ngamafutshane, xa umphimbo uzama ukuzikhusela, utshintsha uhlobo lweeseli ezingaphakathi kwawo. Oku kufana nokubeka umaleko wekhaphethi phezu kwendlela eqhelekileyo xa ungcoliswa ziimoto ezihlala zihleli. Kodwa ezi seli zintsha azizo iiseli eziphantsi komphimbo.
Ingaba le yimeko eyingozi? Ngaba iza kubangela umhlaza?
Lo mbuzo usenokuba ngowokuqala oza engqondweni yakho. Nantsi impendulo: I-Barrett's esophagus ayingomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, yimeko eyonyusa kancinci umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza we-esophageal.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lo mngcipheko awukho mkhulu njengoko unokucinga. Uphando lufumanise ukuba ithuba lokuba umntu onesi sifo abe nomhlaza ngonyaka lincinci kakhulu, malunga ne-0.5%.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba olu tshintsho lweeseli luhamba kancinci kancinci. Ngaphambi kokuba iiseli zibe nomhlaza, zidlula kwelinye inqanaba eliphakathi. Silibiza ngokuba yi- (Dysplasia) . Oko kukuthi, utshintsho lweeseli zangaphambi komhlaza. Oogqirha banokulibona eli nqanaba (i-Dysplasia) kwangethuba, basuse ezo seli baze bathintele umhlaza ukuba ungakhuli. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele le meko.
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Nantsi into emangalisayo. Umphimbo kaBarrett awunazo iimpawu ezithile. Oko kuthetha ukuba, nokuba unayo le meko, awuyi kuva ntlungu okanye ukungakhululeki.
Ngoko ke uyifumana njani le nto?
Sifumana iimpawu ngenxa yesizathu esiyintloko sale meko. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, oku kungenxa yomonakalo wexesha elide kwi-esophagus. Eyona nto ibangela lo monakalo yi -gastritis (GERD - Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease) . Oko kukuthi, i-asidi esesiswini idla ngokuphuma iye kwi-esophagus.
Ngoko ke, ukuba unezi mpawu zilandelayo ixesha elide, kufuneka uxhalabele:
- Iintlungu zesifuba ezihlala zisenzeka: Ukuziva ngathi kukho umlilo phakathi kwesifuba.
- Ubunzima bokuginya: Ukuziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni.
- Umxholo wesisu (i-asidi, ukutya) onyukayo emqaleni: Incasa emuncu emlonyeni, ingakumbi xa ulele phantsi ebusuku okanye ugobile phambili.
- Umphimbo obuhlungu okanye ukukhohlela okungapheliyo.
- Iintlungu zesifuba.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yile: Abanye abantu banezi mpawu kangangeminyaka, kodwa abazisebenzisi amayeza azo. Kuphela xa umphimbo wonakele ixesha elide apho umphimbo kaBarrett unokukhula khona. Ngoko ke, ukuba unazo ezi mpawu, ungazityesheli. Qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa oku?
Nangona nabani na enokuba nomhlaza kaBarrett, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancinci. Makhe sijonge ukuba bangoobani.
| Into enobungozi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| I-gastritis engapheliyo (GERD) | Le yeyona nto iphambili ebangela umngcipheko. Abantu abanesifo se-gastritis iminyaka engaphezu kwe-10 basengozini enkulu. Malunga ne-10% - 15% yabantu abane-GERD banokuba nale meko. |
| Ubudala | Idla ngokubonakala kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-55 ubudala. Oku kungenxa yokuba kuthatha ixesha ukuba ezi seli zitshintshe. |
| Isini | Amadoda anamathuba amabini ukuya kwamathathu okufumana le meko kunabafazi. |
| Ukutshaya | Ukutshaya kusenokuba yenye into ebangela oku. |
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Emva kokumamela iimpawu zakho, ukuba ugqirha uyakurhanela oku, uza kukuthumela kwingcali, ugqirha wezifo zamathumbu. Uza kwenza uvavanyo olubalulekileyo ukuqinisekisa le meko. Yi -endoscopy leyo.
Yintoni i-endoscopy?
Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci neguquguqukayo enekhamera ekupheleni ngomlomo wakho kwaye uhlolisise umphimbo wakho, isisu, kunye nenxalenye yokuqala yamathumbu akho amancinci. Awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lovavanyo, kuba uza kuthomalaliswa.
Xa ejonga ikhamera, ugqirha ubona utshintsho kumbala kunye nokuthungwa kolwelo lwelungu lobufazi.
- Nangona ulwelo lwelungu lobufazi eliqhelekileyo lupinki kwaye lugudile,
- Iindawo ezineBarrett's zinokubonakala zinombala wesalmon kwaye zirhabaxa kancinci.
Xa ugqirha ebona olu tshintsho, uthatha iziqwenga ezimbalwa ezincinci zezicubu kwiindawo ezitshintshileyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-biopsy . Emva koko, ezi ziqwenga zezicubu zihlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope ukuqinisekisa i-100% ukuba ngaba iiseli zitshintshile ngokwenene, oko kukuthi, ukuba kukho imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Intestinal Metaplasia.
Uyihlela njani le meko emva kovavanyo?
Xa ingxelo ye-biopsy ifikile, ugqirha uza kuyihlela imeko yakho. Oku kusekelwe kakhulu kwizinto ezimbini.
1. Ubungakanani bobude bomqala obuchaphazelekileyo lolu tshintsho.
2. Nokuba kukho utshintsho kwiiseli ezingaphambi komhlaza (i-dysplasia) okanye akunjalo.
| Ulwahlulo | Intsingiselo |
|---|---|
| Ngokweenguqu zeeseli zangaphambi komhlaza (iDysplasia) | |
| (I-metaplasia engeyiyo i-dysplastic) | Iiseli zitshintshile, kodwa azikaqali ukuvelisa utshintsho olungaphambi komhlaza. Umngcipheko womhlaza uphantsi kakhulu. |
| I-dysplasia ekumgangatho ophantsi | Utshintsho lweeseli zangaphambi komhlaza luqalile ukwenzeka. Kukho umngcipheko omncinci womhlaza. |
| I-dysplasia ephezulu | Utshintsho lweeseli ngaphambi kokuba zibe nomhlaza lubonakala ngokucacileyo. Umngcipheko womhlaza uyanda kakhulu. |
| Umhlaza (iCarcinoma) | Le meko (i-dysplasia) iye yaba mandundu yaza yajika yaba ngumhlaza. |
Olu hlulo lubaluleke kakhulu, kuba luchaza ukuba loluphi unyango omele ulufumane kwaye kufuneka uvavanywe kangaphi kwakhona.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Kukho iinjongo ezintathu eziphambili zokunyanga umphimbo kaBarrett.
1. Nqanda imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu ngokunyanga unobangela oyintloko.
2. Ukubeka esweni rhoqo uphuhliso lotshintsho olungaphambi komhlaza (i-dysplasia).
3. Ukuba kukho imeko (i-dysplasia), susa iiseli ezichaphazelekayo.
1. Ukunyanga unobangela oyintloko
Ekubeni abantu abaninzi beba nale meko ngenxa yesifo se-gastritis esingapheliyo (GERD), into yokuqala ekufuneka yenziwe kukunyanga ngendlela efanelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iingcebiso ngale nto:
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Ukunciphisa ukutya okuneziqholo, okunamafutha, ikofu, njl.njl., kwaye ungalali phantsi emva kwesidlo sangokuhlwa.
- Amayeza: Amayeza anciphisa ukuveliswa kwe-asidi esiswini, ingakumbi iiProton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) (umz. iOmeprazole, iEsomeprazole, iPantoprazole), asebenza kakhulu. Ayekisa umonakalo kwi-esophagus kwaye ancede izicubu ziphilise.La mayeza afanele athathwe kuphela xa ecetyiswe ngugqirha.
2. Ukubeka esweni rhoqo (Ukubeka esweni)
Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba kufuneka wenze i-endoscopy kangaphi.
- Ngaphandle koko, ukujonga rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3-5 kwanele.
- Ukuba kukho i-dysplasia ekumgangatho ophantsi, bacebisa ukuba uyijonge phantse kube kanye ngonyaka.
3. Ukunyanga imeko (iDysplasia)
Ukuba i-biopsy iqinisekisa ukuba kukho utshintsho kwiiseli ezingaphambi komhlaza (i-dysplasia), oogqirha baya kucebisa ukuba zisuswe ezo seli. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku.
- Unyango lwe-Ablation: Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo ngexesha le-endoscopy ukutshabalalisa umaleko weseli ongaqhelekanga. Oku kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ubushushu obuphezulu (i-radiofrequency) okanye umkhuhlane ophezulu (i-cryotherapy).
- Ukususwa kwe-Endoscopic Mucosal (EMR): Olu lutyando oluncinci olwenziwa nge-endoscopy. Apha, kuphela izicubu ezingaqhelekanga ezisikwayo zize zisuswe.
- Utyando (Esophagectomy): Ukuba i-dysplasia imbi kakhulu okanye ifikelele kumhlaza, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kususwe ngokupheleleyo inxalenye echaphazelekayo ye-esophagus.
Ngaba le meko inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?
I-Metaplasia, okanye utshintsho kwiiseli, ayiphucuki ngokwayo. Nangona kunjalo, unyango esixoxe ngalo ngaphambili (i-Ablation, i-EMR) lunokususa iiseli ezitshintshileyo. Kwakhona, ukuba unobangela oyintloko (njenge-GERD) unyangwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye umonakalo kwi-esophagus uyekiswa, imeko ingalawulwa.
Kodwa nasemva konyango, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba le meko ingaphinda ivele. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokuya kuvavanyo olulandelayo njengoko ugqirha esitsho.
Umntu one-Barrett's esophagus unokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu. Ukuba utshintsho olungaphambi komhlaza lufunyanwa kwaye lunyangwa kwangethuba, akufuneki ukhathazeke ngekamva lakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Barrett's Esophagus ayingomhlaza, kodwa yimeko eyonyusa kancinci umngcipheko womhlaza womqala.
- Eyona nto ibangela oku yi-long-term gastritis (GERD).
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba okanye ukutya okuhlala kubhajwa emqaleni, musa ukuzityeshela. Ngokuqinisekileyo bonana nogqirha kwaye ufumane ingcebiso.
- Le meko ifunyaniswa nge-endoscopy kunye ne-biopsy.
- Ukuba akukho tshintsho lubonakalayo ngaphambi komhlaza (i-dysplasia), akukho sizathu sokoyika. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo ngokweshedyuli ecetyiswe ngugqirha wakho.
- Le meko inokulawulwa ngempumelelo enkulu ngokunyanga unobangela oyintloko ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, ukususa iiseli ezichaphazelekayo.
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