Masifunde ngokulimala koxinzelelo kubantu abalele ebhedini. (Ukulimala koxinzelelo / Izilonda zebhedi)

Ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho ohlala ebhedini ngenxa yokugula okanye ukwaluphala aze ahlale kwindawo efanayo ixesha elide? Umele ukuba ubonile ukuba abantu abanjalo ngamanye amaxesha banamanxeba esikhumba. Siwabiza la "manxeba ebhedini". Ngokwezonyango, la aziwa ngokuba yi-'(Pressure Injuries)' okanye '(Bedsores). Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokweenkcukacha malunga nokuba ziyintoni na ezi zinto, kutheni zenzeka, indlela yokuzithintela, kunye nento ekufuneka yenziwe ukuba ziphinde zenzeke. Esi sisihloko esibalulekileyo kubantu abaninzi.

Zithini kanye kanye ezi zilonda zokulala?

Ngamafutshane, izilonda zebhedi ngamanxeba avela xa kukho uxinzelelo kwindawo enye yolusu lwethu ixesha elide, nto leyo ebangela umonakalo kulusu kuloo ndawo. Khawuthelekelele, xa umntu ehlala ebhedini iiyure okanye iintsuku ngexesha, okanye ehleli kwisihlalo sabakhubazekileyo kwindawo efanayo ixesha elide, ulusu lucinezela amathambo kwiindawo apho ubunzima bomzimba buhla khona. Xa olu xinzelelo lusetyenziswa, ukujikeleza kwegazi kuyancitshiswa. Ukuba igazi alihambi kakuhle, iiseli zolusu ziqala ukufa , kwaye kulapho la manxeba eqala khona.

Kukho amanye amagama ezi zilonda zebhedi. Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa la magama:

• `(Izilonda zeDecubitus)`
• `(Izilonda zoxinzelelo)`
• `(Izilonda zoxinzelelo)`
• `(Amanxeba oxinzelelo)`

Nokuba ubiza liphi igama, lithetha imeko efanayo.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi zilonda zokulala? Ngubani ozifumana rhoqo?

Oku kuqheleke kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kwabo banengxaki yokuhamba bodwa, abalala ebhedini, okanye abasebenzisa izitulo ezinamavili. Khawuthelekelele ukuba omnye wootatomkhulu noomakhulu bethu ulele ebhedini ngenxa yokugula, okanye ukuba umntu unemeko efana ne-"Paralysis" ngenxa yengozi aze alale ebhedini, banokuba namathuba amaninzi okufumana ezi ngozi.

Kwakhona, abantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo basengozini enkulu. Umzekelo:

• Kwabo bane `(Isifo seswekile)`
• Kwabo banolusu oluncinci
• Kwabo banengxaki yokutya okunqongopheleyo (Ukungondleki)
• Kwabo banesikhumba esomileyo kakhulu okanye abo bagcina umswakama omninzi
• Kwabo bangakwaziyo ukuthetha ngeengxaki zabo ngenxa yeemeko ezifana ne-`(Dementia)`
• Ezinye izigulane ezinomhlaza
• Kubantwana nakubantu abadala abanezifo zemithambo-luvo ezifana ne-cerebral palsy
• `(Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle kwemithambo yegazi)` (Ukuhamba kwegazi okungalunganga kwimithambo yegazi)
• `(Ukusilela kwentliziyo)` (Ukusilela kwentliziyo)
• `(Ukusilela kwezintso)` (Ukusilela kwezintso)
• Isifo semithambo yegazi ejikeleze umzimba (ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi emilenzeni)
• Iimeko ezinje ngokwenzakala komqolo okanye i-spina bifida.

Aphi emzimbeni la manxeba adla ngokuvela khona?

Enyanisweni, la manxeba anokubakho naphi na emzimbeni. Umzekelo, umntu osebenzisa imaski yeoksijini unokufumana amanxeba phezulu kwempumlo yakhe, kumacala omabini eendlebe zakhe, okanye ngasemva kwentloko yakhe. Umntu onxibe amazinyo angaphantsi kakuhle unokufaka la manxeba emlonyeni wakhe. Kwakhona, ukuba umntu ufakwe ityhubhu yokuphefumla okanye unikwa umoya womoya (ukuphefumla ngoncedo lomatshini), uxinzelelo oluhambelanayo lunokubangela amanxeba.

Nangona kunjalo, ezi zingozi zixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo apho amathambo akufutshane nolusu . Oku kungenxa yokuba ezo ndawo kulapho ulusu lucinezelwa khona emathanjeni kwaye ukuhamba kwegazi kuncipha. Ezi ndawo ziquka:

• Amaqatha
• Buyela umva
• Amaqakala
• Iingqiniba
• Izithende
• Izinqe
• Umsila (ezantsi komqolo)

Zithini izizathu zokubakho kwezilonda ebhedini?

Isizathu esiphambili kukuba, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili , uxinzelelo kwindawo enye ixesha elide . Ngenxa yolu xinzelelo, imithambo yegazi emincinci ehambisa igazi eluswini iyacinezelwa, kwaye kuba ngathi igazi alihambi. Khawuthelekelele, xa ucinezela umbhobho wamanzi uze uwubambe ngokuqinileyo, amanzi awahambi. Xa eli gazi lilahlekile, iiseli zomaleko ophezulu wesikhumba `(Epidermis)` ziqala ukufa. Xa ezi seli zifileyo ziqhekeka kancinci kancinci, zibonakala njengenxeba. Ngamanye amaxesha , nokuba ucinezelwe kwindawo enye ixesha elifutshane, njengeeyure ezimbini, inxeba linokuqala .

Ukongeza kolu xinzelelo, ezinye izinto zinegalelo ekwakhiweni kwezi zilonda:

• Ukufuma: Ukuba ulusu lumanzi ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokubila, umchamo, kunye nendle, luba buthathaka ngakumbi kwaye lube sesichengeni sokwenzakala.
• Ukutsala/Ukucheba: Ulusu luyatsalwa xa intloko yebhedi iphakanyisiwe, xa umzimba ukwisitulo esinamavili, okanye xa umzimba utyibilika. Oku kutsalwa kungonakalisa izicubu ezingaphantsi kolusu kwaye kubangele amanxeba.

Zithini iimpawu kunye nezigaba zezilonda ezilele ebhedini?

Iimpawu zezilonda ebhedini zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu banokuziva iintlungu kunye nokurhawuzelelwa zezi zilonda. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abanemithambo-luvo ebuthathaka kunye nokuziva okunciphileyo basenokungayiva le ntlungu. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga ulusu rhoqo.

Oogqirha bahlula ezi zilonda zebhedi zibe ngamanqanaba ngokusekwe kubukhali bazo. Oku kunceda ekumiseleni indlela yokunyanga inxeba.

• Inqanaba 1: Ulusu lubonakala lubomvu okanye lupinki. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nxeba okanye inxeba elaneleyo okwangoku. Olu tshintsho lombala lunokuba nzima ukulibona kumntu onolusu olumnyama. Indawo isenokuvakala ibuhlungu kancinci xa uyichukumisa, okanye isenokuvakala ishushu, ibanda, ithambile, okanye inzima kunezinye iindawo.
• Inqanaba lesi-2: Kulapho umaleko ophezulu wesikhumba ususiwe khona, kushiyeke inxeba elingaphantsi elinombala opinki okanye obomvu ezantsi. Ungabona nokuxobuka kwesikhumba kunye namadyungudyungu .
• Inqanaba lesi-3:Inxeba ngoku linzulu kancinci. Inxeba lisenokuba lisasazeke lonke ukuya kwi-hypodermis, umaleko onamafutha phantsi kolusu.
• Inqanaba lesi-4: Eli lelona nqanaba linzima kakhulu. Inxeba lingene kuzo zonke iileya ezintathu zesikhumba, kwaye izihlunu ezingaphantsi, imisipha, mhlawumbi namathambo (inkqubo yemisipha) ziyabonakala. Olu hlobo lwamanxeba luthatha ixesha elide ukuphola, kwaye lunokubangela iingxaki.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yezilonda ezibangelwa kukuhlala ebhedini?

Izilonda ezilele ebhedini azizo nje izilonda zesikhumba. Ukuba azinyangwa, zinokukhokelela kwiintsholongwane ezisongela ubomi .

La manxeba angakhokelela kwiimeko eziyingozi ezifana ne-`(Cellulitis)` (ukosuleleka kolusu kunye nezicubu ezingaphantsi), `(Septicemia)` (ityhefu egazini). Ngamanye amaxesha, inokuqhubekela kwi-`(Sepsis)` (ukosuleleka okukhulu okusasazeka emzimbeni wonke) kwane-`(Amputation)`.

Abanye abantu baphuhlisa iindlela ze-sinus ezikhokelela kwezi zilonda zebhedi. Ukuba ezi ndlela zidibana neendawo ezinzulu zomzimba, iingxaki ezifana nezi:

• Iibhaktheriya ezingena egazini (iBacteremia). Oku kunokubangela i-bacterial meningitis (ukosuleleka kwengqondo) okanye i-endocarditis (ukosuleleka kwengaphakathi lentliziyo).
• Usulelo lwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis) okanye usulelo lwamalungu (i-Septic arthritis).
• Iintsholongwane ezifana ne-`(Group A streptococcus)`. Ezi zinokuqala kwintsholongwane eqhelekileyo efana ne-`(Cellulitis)` ukuya kwimeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Necrotizing fasciitis)` (isifo sokunyibilika kwenyama).

Uyazi njani ukuba isilonda esisebhedini sisulelekile?

Ukuba inxeba lisulelekile, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda kudla ngokuba ziimpawu zokuqala ezibonakala.
• Ukuva iintlungu eziqatha kwindawo yenxeba.
• Ivumba elibi eliphuma enxebeni.
• Inxeba libomvu kwaye livakala lishushu kakhulu xa ulichukumisa .
• Ukudumba kwenxeba.
• Ukukhupha ubovu enxebeni.

Ukuba ubona into efana nale , kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko .

Ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango lwezilonda zebhedi

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wena okanye umntu omkhathalelayo unesilonda esibuhlungu ebhedini, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Kusenokufuneka ubonane nengcali yamanxeba. Oogqirha baya kujonga inkangeleko yenxeba ukuze babone ukuba lisilonda esibuhlungu ebhedini na kwaye likwinqanaba elingakanani na. Basenokuthatha imifanekiso yenxeba ukuze babone ukuba liyaphola njani.

Ungenza novavanyo olufana nolu ukujonga usulelo:

• Ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci lesilonda ukuze lihlolwe (ii-biopsy).
• Iinkcubeko zegazi kunye novavanyo.
• Iiskeni ezifana `(iiX-reyi)` okanye `(iiMRI)`.

Unyango olungelulo utyando

Amanxeba angenamandla kwisigaba 1 nesesi-2 anokunyangwa ekhaya nguwe okanye ngumgcini wakho (ngengcebiso kagqirha). Amanxeba anzulu kwisigaba 3 nesesi-4 afuna unyango. Ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali benxeba, ukuphiliswa kunokuthatha iiveki ukuya kwiinyanga .

Nazi iindlela zonyango:

• Ukucoca inxeba: Coca inxeba ngamanzi anesepha okanye nge-saline (isisombululo samanzi anetyuwa angeyiyo acocekileyo).
• Ukubopha inxeba ngamayeza: Kukho iintlobo ezikhethekileyo zeebhanti zonyango ezinceda inxeba ukuba liphilise ngokukhawuleza. Imizekelo ibandakanya iHydrogel (ijeli esekwe emanzini), iHydrocolloid, iiAlginates (ezenziwe ngolwandle), kunye neebhanti zefoam.

Kwizilonda ezinzulu nezinzima, ugqirha uya kususa izicubu ezifileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Debridement." Oku kwenziwa ngokusika ulusu olufileyo ngesixhobo esibukhali esithi "Scalpel." Okanye, banokufaka amafutha anyibilikisa izicubu ezifileyo baze bazisuse. Xa oku kwenziwe, i-"Local anesthetic" inokufakwa ukuze ingasebenzi kakuhle. Kuba izicubu ezijikeleze izicubu ezifileyo ziva iintlungu.

Amayeza anikiweyo

Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yenxeba kunye neempawu zalo, amayeza alandelayo anganikwa:

• Ii-antibiotics zithintela kwaye zinyanga izifo.
• Ukunciphisa iintlungu nokudumba (Amayeza angengo-steroidal anti-inflammatory - NSAIDs)
• Izithomalalisi zentlungu.

Unyango lotyando

Kwizilonda ezinzulu kakhulu nezinkulu kwisigaba sesi-3 okanye sesi-4, utyando lunokufuneka. I-graft yesikhumba ingasetyenziselwa ukuvala inxeba kwaye ilincede liphole ngokukhawuleza.

Ungazithintela njani izilonda ebhedini? Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo!

Kulula kakhulu ukuthintela izilonda ezibangelwa kukulala ngaphambi kokuba zenzeke kunokuzibangela emva kokuba zenzeke. Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ngazo:

• Tshintsha indlela oma ngayo rhoqo: Ukuba usebenzisa isitulo sabakhubazekileyo, tshintsha indlela oma ngayo ubuncinci rhoqo emva kwemizuzu eli-15 . Ukuba ulele ebhedini, jika umzimba wakho ubuncinci rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini . Ukuba unengxaki yokwenza oku wedwa, fumana uncedo kumnakekeli. Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.
• Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kolusu: Jonga ulusu lwakho emzimbeni wakho wonke (ingakumbi iindawo zoxinzelelo) ubuncinane kanye ngemini. Jonga utshintsho kumbala, iintlungu, ubushushu, okanye ukubanda. Ukuba awukwazi ukukwenza ngokwakho, cela omnye umntu akwenzele.
• Yitya kakuhle kwaye usele amanzi amaninzi: Yitya ukutya okunesondlo, ingakumbi ukutya okuneproteni eninzi, ukuze ulusu lwakho luhlale lusempilweni. Sela amanzi amaninzi imini yonke.
• Gcina ulusu lucocekile kwaye lomile: Ukuba ulusu lufumana ukubila, umchamo, okanye ilindle, lucoce ngoko nangoko kwaye ulugcine lomile. Ungasebenzisa iikhrimu zokuthintela ukufuma ukukhusela ulusu.
• Ukuzibandakanya ekuzilolongeni:Ziqhelise umzimba kangangoko unako. Oku kuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi. Ungacela iingcebiso kugqirha malunga "nonyango lomzimba".
• Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukuba uyatshaya, funa uncedo lokuyeka. I-Nicotine iyalibazisa ukuphola kwenxeba.
• Sebenzisa oomatrasi kunye neekhushini ezikhethekileyo: Sebenzisa oomatrasi okanye iikhushini zefoam ezenzelwe ukunciphisa uxinzelelo. Kuphephe ukuhlala kwiikhushini ezinemingxuma embindini, njengedonathi. Oku kunokunyusa uxinzelelo olujikeleze inxeba.
• Hlamba kwaye utshintshe iingubo zokulala, impahla yangaphantsi, kunye neempahla rhoqo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzigcina zicocekile.

Imbono yomntu onezilonda ebhedini

Nokuba isilonda sebhedi siphelile, ulusu olukuloo ndawo alunamandla njengangaphambili. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuqhubeka nokulandela amanyathelo okuthintela ukuphinda kwenzeke . Izilonda eziqatha zebhedi kwinqanaba lesi-3 okanye lesi-4 kunzima ukuzipholisa, kwaye zinomngcipheko omkhulu wokosuleleka kwaye zinomngcipheko omkhulu weengxaki ezisongela ubomi.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba usengozini yokuba nezilonda ebhedini kwaye uqaphela naziphi na ezi mpawu, xelela ugqirha ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu (obomvu, opinki, omfusa).
• Iimpawu zosulelo (umkhuhlane, ukudumba, ubomvu, ivumba elibi).
• Ukuba kubuhlungu okanye kushushu xa uchukumisa indawo ethile yolusu lwakho.

Imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho

• Kutheni le nto ndibe buhlungu kangaka?
• Loluphi unyango olungcono kum?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndityandwe?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela izilonda ebhedini?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndixhalabele iingxaki?

Izilonda ebhedini kunye nokubaluleka kokutya okunempilo

Abantu abaninzi abafumana izilonda zebhedi abangondlekanga. Oku kunokubangelwa kukwaluphala okanye ezinye iimeko zonyango. Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, okutyebileyo kwiproteni kunokunceda ukuthintela izilonda zebhedi kwaye kuncede amanxeba aphole ngokukhawuleza. Iivithamini kunye nezongezo nazo zinokufuneka. Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abangondlekanga kakhulu banokufuna ukunikwa ukutya ngetyhubhu (isondlo sokutya ngaphakathi) okanye isondlo semithambo yegazi (isondlo se-IV).

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Abantu abangakwaziyo ukuhamba, abangakwaziyo ukuhamba ebhedini, abakwisihlalo sabakhubazekileyo, okanye abanezinye izinto ezinokuba yingozi basengozini enkulu yokuba nezilonda ebhedini. Ngoko ke , kubalulekile ukulandela amanyathelo okuthintela njengokujonga ulusu rhoqo kunye nokutshintsha izikhundla. (Ukuba awukwazi ukukwenza ngokwakho, fumana uncedo kumnakekeli, ilungu losapho, okanye umboneleli wezempilo.)

Kungcono ukuchonga izilonda ebhedini kwangethuba (amanqanaba 1 kunye nelesi-2). Emva koko, zinokunyangwa ngaphambi kokuba ulusu luqhekeke kwaye inxeba libe likhulu. Amanxeba okuqala afana nala aphilisa ngcono ngonyango. Nangona kunjalo, amanxeba anzulu (amanqanaba 3 kunye nelesi-4) anokuba namathuba amaninzi okufumana usulelo kunye nezinye izifo ezinzulu. Ngenxa yoko,Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omthandayo unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Hlala uphilile!

Izilonda ebhedini , izilonda zoxinzelelo, amanxeba esikhumba, izigulane ezilele ebhedini, ukungakwazi ukuhamba, ukhathalelo lolusu, ukuphiliswa kwamanxeba