Xa sidibana nabahlobo, xa sisiya epatini, kukho abo kuthi baqhele "ukunxila kancinci", akunjalo? Ibhiya, iwayini encinci, okanye isiselo esinxilisayo... Nokuba sisela ntoni na, sisebenza ngendlela engaphakathi emizimbeni yethu. Ngaba wakha weva 'ngeBlood Alcohol Content' okanye `(BAC)` ngamafutshane? Namhlanje sithetha ngale ndlela yokulinganisa ubungakanani botywala emzimbeni wakho. Le yinto ekufuneka uyazi ukuba ucinga ngempilo yakho nokhuseleko lwakho.
Ithini i-Blood Alcohol Content (BAC) ngokulula?
Ngamafutshane, uMgangatho woTywala egazini (i-BAC) sisixa sotywala egazini lakho.
Naluphi na uhlobo lotywala, olufana nebhiya, iwayini, okanye utywala, lunezithako ezinxilisayo ezibizwa ngokuba yi-`(ethyl alcohol)` okanye `(ethanol). Xa usela utywala, obu tywala bungena ngokukhawuleza egazini elivela esiswini sakho nasemathunjini amancinci. Kodwa utywala buyityhefu emzimbeni wethu. Ngoko ke isibindi sethu sisebenza ukucoca le tyhefu size siyisuse egazini.
Kodwa nantsi ingxaki. Isibindi sethu sinomda wokuba singayicubungula njani i-alcohol ngokukhawuleza. Ngokomyinge, isibindi sinokucubungula malunga nesiselo esinye ngeyure. Ukuba usela utywala ngokukhawuleza kunoko, inqanaba lakho lotywala egazini, okanye i-BAC, liya kunyuka. Kulapho uziva "uphezulu."
Nangona sithi "isiselo esinye esinxilisayo," kukho inani elithile:
- Ii-ounces ezili-12 zebhiya
- Ii-ounces ezi-5 zewayini
- Ii-ounces eziyi-1.5 zotywala obunzima, njenge-arak
Khumbula, umxholo wotywala kwiibhiya ezahlukeneyo kunye neewayini unokwahluka, ngoko ke le yingcinga nje eqhelekileyo.
Kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela inqanaba lakho le-BAC:
- Usela utywala obungakanani?
- Indlela osela ngayo ngokukhawuleza.
- Inani lokutya obukutye ngaphambi kokuba usele utywala (i-BAC iyanda ngokukhawuleza xa usela ungenanto esiswini).
- Ubudala bakho kunye nobunzima bomzimba wakho.
Kwenzeka ntoni emizimbeni yethu enamanqanaba e-BAC?
Utywala lusisifo sokudakumba senkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi. Oku kuthetha ukuba buyacothisa ukusebenza kwengqondo yethu nomzimba. Ngoko ke njengoko amanqanaba ethu otywala egazini (BAC) esanda, impembelelo enayo emzimbeni nasengqondweni yethu nayo iyatshintsha.
Oku kunokuqondwa ngokucacileyo kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Inqanaba le-BAC (%) | Impembelelo emzimbeni nasengqondweni |
|---|---|
| 0.0% | Akukho tywala emzimbeni konke konke (ndingaselanga tywala ngokupheleleyo). |
| 0.02% | Imo yakho isenokutshintsha kancinci, ungaziva ungenangqondo, kwaye nokukwazi kwakho ukwenza izigqibo kusenokuncipha kancinci. |
| 0.05% | Usenokuziva ungacwangciswanga kakuhle, ungacingi kakuhle, kwaye awunazo izakhono zokwenza izigqibo ezingcono. |
| 0.08% | Ulawulo lwemisipha alulunganga, kunzima ukubona iingozi, kwaye kunzima nokucinga ngendlela enengqondo. (Lo ngumda osemthethweni wokuqhuba imoto kumazwe amaninzi, kuquka neSri Lanka). |
| 0.10% | Isantya sempendulo sicotha, incoko iba buthathaka, kwaye isantya sokucinga siyancipha. |
| 0.15% | Ukutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo, isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza, ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi kunye nokulawula izihlunu. |
| 0.15% - 0.30% | Ukudideka, ukuhlanza, ukozela kakhulu. |
| 0.30% - 0.40% | Kule nqanaba, 'ukutyhefwa butywala' kwenzeka. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Ungalahlekelwa zingqondo. |
| Ngaphezulu kwe-0.40% | Eli linqanaba elibulalayo. Linokukhokelela kwi-coma, ukunqandeka kokuphefumla, kwanokufa. |
Abanye abantu baqhele ukusela utywala rhoqo. Banento esiyibiza ngokuba yi-'tolerance'. Oku kuthetha ukuba basenokungasaziva benxilile njengangaphambili. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba amanqanaba abo otywala egazini (BAC) aphantsi. Nangona bengaziva benxilile, umonakalo kunye nomngcipheko emizimbeni yabo usekhona.
Kweziphi iimeko apho uvavanyo lwe-BAC lwenziwa khona?
Kunokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokwenza uvavanyo lwe-BAC.
- Izizathu zonyango: Ukuba umntu ugula kakhulu emva kokusela utywala obuninzi ngexesha elifutshane, oogqirha baya kwenza olu vavanyo ukuze babone ukuba ingaba butywala obunetyhefu na. Umntu onjalo kufuneka asiwe kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
- Ukubeka esweni ukusetyenziswa kotywala: Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba umntu usebenzisa utywala na ngexesha lonyango lokuxhomekeka kutywala.
- Emsebenzini: Eminye imibutho ingenza olu vavanyo xa iqesha abasebenzi abatsha, ngexesha lomsebenzi, okanye emva kwengozi emsebenzini.
- Imicimbi yezomthetho: Le yinto esiyivayo rhoqo. Uvavanyo lwe-BAC luyimfuneko kwimicimbi yezomthetho, njengaxa kwenzeka ingozi yemoto, xa amapolisa ehlola ukuba aqhuba enxilile na, kunye naxa abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka yobudala bebanjwa besela utywala.
Lwenziwa njani olu vavanyo lwegazi?
Ungakhathazeki, oku kulula kakhulu, njengovavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa yingcali yelebhu.
1. Uza kuhlala esitulweni kwaye kuza kufumaneka umthambo olula wokukhupha igazi. Ngokwesiqhelo, uza kuba ngaphakathi kwengqiniba yakho.
2. Nje ukuba umthambo ufunyenwe, indawo leyo icocekile kakuhle kwaye kufakwa isibulali-ntsholongwane.
3. Emva koko kufakwa inaliti encinci emthanjeni kwaye kuthathwa isampuli yegazi. Uza kuva ukuhlatywa okuncinci.
4. Emva kokuba kuthathwe igazi elifunekayo kuvavanyo, inaliti iyasuswa kwaye indawo leyo icinezelwe ngekotoni.
5. Ekugqibeleni, iqhekeza elincinci leplasta lifakwa kwindawo leyo kwaye umsebenzi ugqityiwe.
Lonke eli nyathelo lithatha ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emihlanu. Emva koko isampuli yegazi ithunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze kufunyanwe iziphumo.
Fumana ulwazi malunga neziphumo zovavanyo
Iziphumo zengxelo yovavanyo zingafika ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Ezona zixhaphakileyo yipesenti ye-BAC. Umzekelo, i-0.03% BAC .
Ngamanye amaxesha isenokubonakala ngathi “ilungile” okanye “imbi.” Oku kuthetha ukuba bekukho okanye bekungekho utywala egazini lakho.
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, iziphumo zolu vavanyo lwe-BAC zichanekile kuphela kwiiyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12 emva kokuba usele isiselo sokugqibela. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga neziphumo zakho, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho.
Ithini inqanaba lezomthetho?
Kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela, kuquka neSri Lanka, inqanaba eliphezulu lotywala egazini elivunyelwe ngumthetho yi -0.08% BAC . Eli lixabiso elincinci kakhulu. Oku kuthetha ukuba nokuba usele ibhiya enye, inqanaba lakho le-BAC lisenokudlula eli nqanaba.
Ngoko ke, ungaze, nangasiphi na isizathu, usele utywala uze uqhube. Yingozi enkulu ebomini bakho nakubomi babantu abangenatyala endleleni.
Ukusela utywala okulinganiselweyo kusenokungabi yingxaki kumntu oneminyaka evumelekileyo ngokomthetho. Kodwa ukusela kakhulu okanye rhoqo kunokuba yingozi enkulu empilweni. Ukuba uneengxaki malunga nendlela osela ngayo, thetha nogqirha wakho . Sonke, singenza isicwangciso esikusebenzelayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ubungakanani botywala egazini (BAC) bubungakanani botywala egazini lakho.
- Isibindi sethu sinokucubungula malunga nesiselo esinye sotywala ngeyure. Ukusela ngokukhawuleza kuya kunyusa amanqanaba akho e-BAC.
- Nokuba amanqanaba e-BAC aphantsi kakhulu, amandla akho okwenza izigqibo kunye nexesha lakho lokunikela ingqalelo liyaphazamiseka. Amanqanaba aphezulu anokuba yingozi ebomini.
- Ungaze usele utywala uze uqhube. Umda osemthethweni uphantsi kakhulu.
- Ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nendlela osela ngayo okanye yomnye umntu omaziyo, thetha nogqirha ngayo loo nto.
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