Cinga ngengqondo yakho njengenqaba exabisekileyo nenovelwano. Kwaye kukho umlindi wesango ojonga yonke into engena kuloo nqaba, egcina izinto ezimbi zingangeni aze avumele izinto ezilungileyo zingene. Ngokufanayo, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngomlindi wesango okhethekileyo, okanye isihluzo, esikwimithambo yegazi ejikeleze ingqondo yethu, ekhusela ingqondo. Kwizonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yiBlood-Brain Barrier (BBB).
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iBlood-Brain Barrier (BBB)?
Oku akusiso nje isithintelo. Enyanisweni, kufana nomkhuseli wengqondo yethu. Olu donga lukhuselayo lukwindawo engaphakathi yemithambo yegazi ejikeleze ingqondo. Umsebenzi walo ophambili kukuthintela izinto eziyingozi, iintsholongwane, kunye neekhemikhali ezingafunekiyo egazini ukuba zingangeni engqondweni . Kwakhona kulawula ukungena ngokufanelekileyo kwezondlo kunye neoksijini engqondweni kunye nokususwa kwenkunkuma engqondweni.
Kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wethu, iiseli ezikwimithambo yegazi yethu (esizibiza ngokuba ziiseli ze-"endothelium") zinezikhewu ezincinci phakathi kwazo. Kodwa kwimithambo yegazi ebuchotsheni, ezi seli zixinene kakhulu, zidibene, kwaye akukho zikhewu. Zifana nodonga olufakwe iplasta olungenamingxunya. Ngoko ke neemolekyuli ezinkulu, okanye izinto ezinyibilikayo emanzini, azikwazi ukudlula lula kuzo.
Yintoni enokungena ngaphakathi kolu donga lokhuseleko?
Ayizizo zonke izinto eziphelayo kolu donga. Ezinye izinto zinokudlula kulo.
- Iimolekyuli ezincinci kakhulu: Iimolekyuli ezincinci ezifana neoksijini kunye nekharbon diokside zinokudlula lula apha.
- I-Lipid-soluble: Isigqubuthelo sangaphandle sezi seli zodonga ezikhuselayo senziwe ngee-lipids, ngoko ke izinto ezinyibilikayo kwii-lipids zinokudlula lula kuso.
Cinga ngesizathu sokuba izinto ezinje ngotywala, ii-anesthetics, kunye ne-caffeine zichaphazele ubuchopho bethu ngokukhawuleza kangaka. Isizathu kukuba zinokudlula lula kwi-Blood-Brain Barrier. Kwakhona, amayeza amaninzi, afana ne-antidepressants, i-anxiolytics, kunye namayeza e-epilepsy, enzelwe ukuwela lo mqobo aze afikelele engqondweni.
Oko kuthetha ukuba, ukuba iyeza liza kuchaphazela ingqondo ngokuthe ngqo, kufuneka likwazi ukunqumla uMqobo weBlood-Brain.
Ziziphi iimeko apho olu donga lokuzikhusela lunobuthathaka khona?
Nangona esi sithintelo sokukhusela sinamandla kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha sinokuba buthathaka okanye siqale "ukuvuza." Oku kungenxa yokudumba.Oku kunokwenzeka kwiimeko ezinje. Xa esi sithintelo sibuthathaka, izinto eziyingozi eziqhele ukungena engqondweni zinokungena.
Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezinye zeemeko eziphambili zonyango ezinokwenza buthathaka i-Blood-Brain Barrier.
| Uhlobo lwesifo | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Iimeko Ezibukhali |
|
| Iimeko Ezingapheliyo |
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimpawu zokuba oku kungaba yingxaki?
Enyanisweni, akukho zimpawu zithe ngqo ezibonisa ingxaki ngeBlood-Brain Barrier. Esikubonayo ziimpawu zesifo esisichaphazelayo (umzekelo, isifo sohlangothi okanye isifo sika-Alzheimer). Nangona okwangoku kungekho ndlela icacileyo yokuvavanya imeko yale mqobo, iindlela ezahlukeneyo ziyahlolwa kwinqanaba lophando.
Sifanele senze ntoni ukuze sigcine olu khuselo luxabisekileyo luqinile?
Nangona singenakuyinyanga ngokuthe ngqo iBlood-Brain Barrier, singaziphepha izinto eziyenza buthathaka. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukugcina indlela yokuphila esempilweni yeyona nto ilungileyo.
- Gcina ukutya okunempilo kunye nobunzima obusempilweni: Izinto ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, kunye ne-cholesterol zonakalisa imithambo yegazi yethu. Lo monakalo unokuchaphazela nemithambo yegazi engqondweni. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula ezi zifo ngokutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga.
- Musa ukungazinanzi iintsholongwane:Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba usulelo lwendlebe, amehlo, okanye amazinyo alunyangwanga kakuhle, iintsholongwane zinokuhamba ngegazi ziye engqondweni. Ngoko ke, bona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza xa kukho naluphi na usulelo kwaye ufumane unyango.
- Nxiba izixhobo zokhuseleko: Ukwenzakala entloko kunokonakalisa ngqo olu thintelo. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba unxibe isigcina-ntloko xa ukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ibhayisekile, kwaye ubophe ibhanti yakho xa ukhwela imoto.
- Lawula izifo zakho ezingapheliyo ngokufanelekileyo: Ukuba unezifo ezifana nesifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye i-cholesterol, thatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha. Kwakhona, yiya kwiikliniki ngexesha ukuze ujonge imeko yakho.
Oogqirha balusebenzisa njani olu lwazi?
Ulwazi malunga neBlood-Brain Barrier luluncedo kakhulu koogqirha kunye noososayensi. Lungumceli mngeni kwaye lithuba.
- Umngeni: Ngamanye amaxesha, iyeza lomhlaza wobuchopho okanye usulelo alikwazi ukungena engqondweni ngenxa yesi sithintelo. Isithintelo sicinga ukuba iyeza "libi." Kule meko, iindlela ezikhethekileyo (ezifana nendlela ye "Trojan horse", equka ukuzincamathisela kwenye imolekyuli) zisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa iyeza ngesisithintelo.
- Ityala: Isifo sikaParkinson senzeka xa kukho ukwehla kwe-dopamine yekhemikhali engqondweni. Nokuba i-dopamine inikwa ngqo njengeyeza, ayinakunqumla lo mqobo ize ingene engqondweni. Ke ngoko, oogqirha banika iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-levodopa. Le levodopa inokunqumla umqobo. Nje ukuba ingene engqondweni, i-levodopa ijika ibe yi-dopamine. Ayisiyongcinga intle le?
Oko kukuthi, amanye amayeza enzelwe ukudlula lo mqobo. Amanye amayeza enzelwe ukudlula, kuba ukuba iyeza lingena engqondweni, linokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isithintelo seBongo-Igazi (BBB) sisihluzo sendalo esibaluleke kakhulu nesikhusela ubuchopho bethu. Sifana nomlindi wobuchopho.
- Oku kukhusela ingqondo yethu kwiintsholongwane kunye nezinto eziyingozi.
- Esi sithintelo sokukhusela sinokuncipha ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, ukwenzakala entloko, kunye nezifo ezahlukeneyo.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokugcina olu khuselo luqinile kukuphila ubomi obusempilweni. Oko kuthetha ukutya kakuhle, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokulawula naziphi na izifo ezingapheliyo onokuba nazo.
- Ukuba unengxaki ngengqondo yakho okanye nayiphi na enye imeko yezempilo, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho.
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