Ingaba isandla sakho saphukile? (Isandla esaphukileyo) Masithethe ngale nto!

Owu, ngaba ulimele isandla sakho? Mhlawumbi uwile waza wawa phantsi. Xa oko kusenzeka, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba isandla sakho sizive sibuhlungu kwaye sidumbile. Kodwa mhlawumbi awukwazi ukuqonda ukuba oku kukulunywa nje, okanye ukuba ithambo elisesandleni sakho liphuke, elibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Broken Hand)`, akunjalo? Ungakhathazeki, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngezi zaphuko zesandla ngokweenkcukacha.

Masifunde kancinci ngamathambo esandla?

Isandla sethu sisidalwa esimangalisayo, akunjalo? Yingqokelela yamathambo amancinci. Ukuchaneka, kukho amathambo angama-27 esandleni sakho kuphela. Oogqirha bahlula la mathambo abe ngamaqela amathathu aphambili ngokusekwe kwindawo yawo kunye nomsebenzi wawo:

• IiCarpals: La ngamathambo amancinci adibanisa isandla sakho esihlahleni sakho.
• IiMetacarpals: La ngamathambo angaphakathi kwesandla sakho anika imo esihlahleni sakho.
• IiPhalanges: La mathambo enza amalungu eminwe yakho nobhontsi wakho.

Ngoko ke, isandla esaphukileyo lithambo nje elaphukileyo kwelinye okanye ngaphezulu kwamathambo angama-27. Khumbula, ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokulungiswa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa nge-splint (inkxaso egcina isandla singashukumi) okanye i-cast (i-plaster cast). Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iindawo eziqhekekileyo, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kulungiswe amathambo aqhekekileyo.

Enye into ebalulekileyo kukuba xa isandla saphukile, nezinye izicwili ezibuthathaka esandleni zinokonakala. Oko kuthetha ukuba:

• Iiligamenti (izicubu ezidibanisa amathambo kunye)
• Iitendon (izicubu ezidibanisa izihlunu namathambo)
• Izihlunu
• Imiva
• Ivazi yegazi

Konke oku kunokuba nefuthe.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuqhekeka kwezandla?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Xa uphula ithambo esandleni sakho, ugqirha akalichazi nje ngokuthi "Eli lithambo elaphukileyo." Bakwalihlulahlula ngokusekwe kuhlobo lokwaphuka kwalo kunye nendlela elaphukile ngayo ithambo.

Ezinye izaphuko zahlulwe ngokwemilo okanye ipateni yezaphuko :

• Ukuqhekeka kwethambo: Ukuqhekeka kwethambo emzimbeni wonke.
• Ukuqhekeka kwethambo eligobileyo: Ukuqhekeka kwethambo ngekona.
• Ukuqhekeka kwe-Spiral: Ukuqhekeka apho ithambo libonakala ngathi lijijekile.
• Ukuqhekeka kwecandelo: Ithambo eliqhekeka libe ziingceba ezininzi.
• Ukuqhekeka okuqhekekileyo: Ukuqhekeka apho ithambo lityumke ngokupheleleyo, laqhekeka laziingceba ezininzi.
• Ukuqhekeka kwebhakethi/okuchaphazelekileyo: Kulapho ithambo lityhalelwa ngaphakathi lize livuvuke kancinci kwelinye icala. Oku kuqheleke kakhulu kubantwana abancinci, njengoko amathambo abo ethambile.

Kukho ezinye iintlobo zokuqhekeka kuxhomekeke kwindlela ezenzeka ngayo :

• Ukwaphuka koxinzelelo:Ukuqhekeka okuncinci ethanjeni okwakheka kancinci kancinci ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluqhubekayo kwindawo enye. Oku kunokwenzeka kubadlali.
• Ukuphuka kwe-Avulsion: Oku kwenzeka xa i-tendon okanye i-ligament iphuma kunye neqhekeza lethambo.

Umzekelo, usenokuba `uqhekeko lwe-metacarpal olunqamlezileyo`. Oku kuthetha ukuba ithambo elisesandleni liqhekekile. Ezinye izaphuko zezandla zide zibe namagama akhethekileyo. Usenokuba ukhe weva nge -`boxer's fracture` . Yile nto kanye eyenzekayo xa umntu ebetha isihlakala sakhe ngento eqinileyo (njengodonga, ucingo) aze aphule ithambo le-`metacarpal` esandleni, ingakumbi kwicala elipinki.

Onke la magama, zonke ezi ndlela zokwahlulahlula, zinceda ugqirha ukuba aqonde ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo ukuba leliphi ithambo elaphukileyo, kwenzeke ntoni kulo, kwaye akunike unyango olungcono.

Ziqheleke kangakanani iintlungu zezandla?

Enyanisweni, ukwaphuka kwezandla kuxhaphake kakhulu kunokuba sicinga. Ngokukodwa, ukwaphuka kwamathambo e-metacarpal esandleni zezona zixhaphakileyo. Ngokwezibalo, umntu omnye kwabalishumi kuzo zonke izaphuko emhlabeni zizaphuko ze-metacarpal! Kwakhona, phakathi kwabantu abaselula abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-18 nengama-34 ubudala, le yeyona ngozi ixhaphakileyo yesandla exeliweyo.

Zithini iimpawu zengalo eyaphukileyo?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba ungaziva njani kwaye ubone ntoni xa waphuka ingalo yakho. Usenokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu: Le yeyona nto iphambili.
• Ukudumba: Kunokubakho ukudumba okukhulu kwindawo apho kwaqhekeka khona.
• Ukuthamba xa kuchukunyiswa okanye kucinezelwa.
• Ubunzima bokushukumisa isandla, iminwe, kunye nobhontsi.
• Ubuluhlaza okanye umbala wesikhumba ojikeleze indawo eqhekeziweyo.
• Ihlala ifana neqhuma (ukukhubazeka) engalweni. Isenokuvakala ngathi kukho ithambo eliphumayo.
• Iindawo zesandla zinokubonakala ngathi zoluliwe, okanye zisenokujijeka. Ngamanye amaxesha iminwe isenokudibana (`malrotation`).

Xa uphuka isandla, uhlala ubona umahluko ngoko nangoko. Ungabona ukudumba, ukutshintsha kombala, kunye neqhuma kwindawo eqhekekileyo. Oku kudumba kunye nokutshintsha kombala kunokusasazeka ukusuka kwindawo eqhekekileyo ukuya kwezinye iindawo zesandla. Ukuba ithambo lisusiwe ngokupheleleyo ('ukuqhekeka okufudukileyo'), iziqwenga zamathambo zisenokubonakala eluswini. Oko kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo kancinci.

Zithini izizathu eziphambili zokuphuka kwamathambo esandleni?

Zininzi izizathu zokuba ithambo elisesandleni linokuphuka. Makhe sijonge ezinye zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo:

• Ukuwa: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Ingakumbi xa uwa kwaye kufuneka usebenzise izandla zakho ukuze uzixhase. Cinga ngayo, xa wawungumntwana, udlala, ubaleka, utsiba, okanye uwe ebhayisekileni, akunjalo? Inokwenzeka naxa utyibilika uze uwe kwigumbi lokuhlambela.
• Iingozi zemidlalo:Iingozi ezinjalo zinokwenzeka xa ibhola ehamba ngesantya esiphezulu ibetha isandla ngelixa udlala ikhilikithi, xa udlala imidlalo efana neragbi nebhola ekhatywayo, okanye xa uqhelisela ubugcisa bokulwa.
• Iingozi okanye iingozi emsebenzini xa usebenza ngezixhobo: Izinto ezifana nokuwa xa uphakamisa into enzima, ukubanjwa kwesandla sakho kumatshini, njl.
• Ukonzakala: Xa kwenzeka ingozi enkulu, njengengozi yemoto.
• Ukubetha kwindawo eqinileyo: Abanye abantu babetha izandla zabo eludongeni okanye eminyango xa benomsindo. Oko kunokuphula amathambo ezandleni zabo lula. Ngoko ke ungaze ukwenze oko.

Ukongeza kwezi zinto, ezinye iimeko zempilo zinokubangela ukuba amathambo asesandleni abe buthathaka aze aphuke lula. Umzekelo, kukho iithumba ezingezizo ezomhlaza (ezingenobungozi) ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'enchondromas', ezikhula ngaphakathi emathanjeni zize ziwenze buthathaka. Kwakhona, iimeko ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'osteoporosis' (isifo sokulahlekelwa ngamathambo) kunye ne -'osteopenia' (ubunzima obuphantsi bamathambo) zinokubangela ukuba amathambo abe buthathaka aze aphuke ngokungalindelekanga, nokuba kukuwe kancinci. Abantu abaninzi abazi ukuba bane-'osteoporosis' de baphuke ithambo. Kuba ayinazo iimpawu ezinkulu ekuqaleni.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuka ingalo?

Nabani na angaphuka ingalo, kodwa abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancinci:

• Abantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-40: Kuba abantu bale minyaka basebenza kakhulu.
• Abadlali: Ingakumbi abo badlala imidlalo yokudibanisa kunye nabo baqhelisela ubugcisa bokulwa.
• Abantu abaneengxaki zempilo ezichaphazela amathambo: ezifana ne-osteoporosis ekhankanywe apha ngasentla.

Ugqirha uyazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba umntu unengalo eyaphukileyo?

Xa usiya kugqirha onentlungu yengalo, uza kuqala akubuze ukuba kwenzeke njani. Emva koko baza kuvavanya ingalo yakho ngokwasemzimbeni. Baza kukhangela ukudumba, ukukrweleka, kunye nokuba ungayishukumisa na ingalo yakho.

Emva koko, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ithambo elisesandleni sakho laphukile phi na kwaye libonakala njani na iqhekeza, ugqirha uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwe-"X-ray" . I-"X-ray" yeyona ndlela iqhelekileyo yokubona iqhekeza ngokucacileyo. Kusenokufuneka wenze i-"CT scan", ingakumbi ukuba uza kwenziwa utyando.

Luluphi unyango lwengalo eyaphukileyo?

Indlela onyanga ngayo ingalo yakho eyaphukileyo ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka ukuba leliphi ithambo elaphukileyo, luhlobo luni lokwaphuka, kunye nokuba kukho ezinye iimeko na. Unyango oluqhelekileyo luquka:

Ukungakwazi ukuhamba kwesandla

Ukuba isandla sakho asibi kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba amathambo akakho kude kakhulu (i-'nondisplaced fracture'), kunokufuneka unxibe i-'splint' okanye i-'cast'. Oku kwenzelwa ukugcina amathambo aphukileyo esendaweni yawo kwaye kuwancede abuyele ndawonye. Uninzi lwabantu kuya kufuneka bagcine isandla sabo singashukumi kangangeeveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 . Ngeli xesha, kunokufuneka wenze enye i-'X-ray' ukujonga ukuba amathambo aphola kakuhle na.

Ukulungiswa kwamathambo (Ukunciphisa okuValiweyo)

Ukuba ukwaphuka kukhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba amathambo akakho kwindawo yawo, kunokufuneka wenze inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-closed reduction ukuze uwalungise. Oku kuquka ugqirha ukuba acinezele ingalo yakho ngaphandle aze atsale amathambo aphukileyo abuyele endaweni yawo. Ngelixa usenza oku, usenokungaziva ntlungu kwaye ungenza enye yezi zinto zilandelayo:

• I-anesthetic yendawo inikwa kuphela indawo ejikeleze ukwaphuka.
• Kunikwa amayeza okuthomalalisa umzimba wonke aze akwenze uzive unxilile kancinci.
• Okanye bakwenza oku ngokukulalisa ngokupheleleyo baze bakunike i-anesthesia jikelele.

Emva kokunciphisa okuvaliweyo, ugqirha uza kuyivala ingalo yakho nge-splint okanye i-cast.

Utyando lwezandla ezaphukileyo

Ukuba "une-open fracture" (oko kuthetha ukuba ithambo liqhekekile eluswini) okanye "uqhekekile oluqhekekileyo" (ithambo liqhekekile laziingceba ezininzi), ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando. Kwakhona, ukuba kukho umonakalo kwezinye iindawo zesandla, njengee-ligaments, i-tendon, okanye imithambo-luvo, utyando lunokufuneka.

Ngexesha lotyando, ugqirha wakho uza kubuyisela amathambo akho endaweni yawo, ewavumela ukuba aphile aze akhule kunye. Zimbini iindlela zokwenza oku:

• Ukuqina kwangaphandle: Kule nto, iintonga zesinyithi okanye iingcingo zifakwa ngesandla ukuze kulungiswe amathambo.
• Ukuqina kwangaphakathi: Kule nto, kufakwa iipleyiti ezincinci okanye izikrufu ethanjeni ukuze kulungiswe ithambo.

Emva kokuba ithambo lipholile, kunokufuneka wenze olunye utyando oluncinci ukuze kususwe iintonga, iipleyiti, kunye nezikrufu ebezifakiwe.

Ngaba iingxaki zinokwenzeka emva kotyando?

Iingxaki ezibangelwa kutyando lwesandla azixhaphakanga kakhulu, kodwa kukho izinto ezimbalwa ezinokwenzeka ngamanye amaxesha:

• ` Malunion` : Oku kwenzeka xa amathambo akho aphukileyo engahambelani kakuhle, aze aphazamiseke kancinci njengoko ephola.
• ` Umanyano` : Amathambo akho awadibananga ngokupheleleyo okanye awadibananga konke konke.
• Ukosuleleka kwamathambo (i-Osteomyelitis) : Ukuba uneqhekeza elivulekileyo (elivela apho ithambo liphume khona eluswini), usengozini enkulu yokuba iintsholongwane zingene enxebeni zize zibangele usulelo.
• Ukuqina kwesandla : Abantu abaphuke isandla badla ngokuba nokuqina okujikeleze ithambo elaphukileyo nasemalungeni esandla, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukushukuma. Ukuzilolonga okulula onokukwenza ekhaya kunye nonyango lomsebenzi kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukuqina.
• I-Acute Comppartment Syndrome (ACS) : Le yimeko enzulu ngakumbi. Ukudumba ngaphakathi kwemisipha yakho kunokunyusa uxinzelelo kwaye kuthintele ukuhamba kwegazi kwiithishu. Oku kunokukhokelela ekonakaleni kwemisipha nemithambo-luvo okungapheliyo. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha bexhalabile nangokudumba.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba isandla siphiliswe?

Ixesha elithathayo ukuba isandla sakho siphile lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:

• Leliphi ithambo elaphukileyo?
• Yintoni ebangele ukuqhekeka (njengokuwa okanye ingozi)?
• Luhlobo luni lonyango obulufuna?
• Nokuba kukho ezinye izinto ezenzekileyo esandleni (umz. i-ligament ekrazukileyo).

Uninzi lweemeko zokuphuka kweengalo zithatha malunga nenyanga okanye ezimbini ukuphola. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba umntu aphinde aphile aze aqale ukusebenza?

Nokuba ithambo lipholile, kuya kuthatha ixesha ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo kwaye ubuyele kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo. Ukuqina kwesandla sakho kufuneka kunciphe kwaye amandla akho abuyele. Uninzi lwabantu lunokuphinda luqalise imisebenzi yomzimba, efana nokudlala imidlalo, emva kweeveki ezisi-8 (okanye malunga neenyanga ezimbini) .

Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubonisana nogqirha wakho okanye ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise nayiphi na imisebenzi yomzimba. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngaphambi kokuba uqalise nayiphi na imisebenzi okanye imidlalo, ingakumbi ukuba waphuke ithambo ngelixa usenza umsebenzi okanye imidlalo ethile.

Ungayithintela ingalo eyaphukileyo?

Kusenokungabi lula ukuthintela ingalo eyaphukileyo i-100% yexesha, njengoko iingozi zinokwenzeka xa singazilindelanga. Nangona kunjalo, unganciphisa umngcipheko wokwenzakala ngokulandela la macebiso okhuseleko ngokubanzi:

• Ungaze ubethe eludongeni, kwiingcango, okanye kwezinye iindawo eziqinileyo xa unomsindo okanye ucaphukile. Oku kuya konakalisa isandla sakho kuphela.
• Soloko unxibe ibhanti yakho yesihlalo ngokufanelekileyo xa ukhwela imoto.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifanelekileyo (umz. iiglavu) kuyo yonke imisebenzi okanye imidlalo oyenzayo.
• Landela ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D kunye nesicwangciso sokuzilolonga ukuze ugcine amathambo esempilweni.
• Ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala, okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho (umama, utata, abantakwenu okanye abantakwenu) onesifo sokudumba kwamathambo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokwenza uvavanyo lokuqina kwamathambo .

Ufanele uye nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba ingalo yakho yaphukile, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu , yiya kwicandelo likaxakeka esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza:

• Intlungu ayinyamezeleki.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukuhambisa isandla okanye iminwe yakho.
• Ukuba inkangeleko yesandla sakho itshintshe kakhulu (njengokuba soluliwe, sinamaqhuqhuva).
• Ukuba unokubona ithambo liphuma eluswini.
• Ukudumba okukhulu.
• Ukuba kuvela ubuluhlaza obutsha ngequbuliso kunye nezinye iimpawu.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa ubona ugqirha wakho, ungabuza le mibuzo ukuze uqonde kakuhle imeko yakho:

• Luhlobo luni lokwaphuka endinalo? (Ngoluphi uhlobo kwezi zikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla?)
• Ngaba kufuneka ndenze utyando?
• Kuza kufuneka ndinxibe i-splint okanye i-cast ixesha elingakanani?
• Ndiza kuyidinga ixesha elingakanani i-occupational therapy?
• Kunini apho kukhuselekileyo ukuphinda wenze imisebenzi yomzimba efana nokudlala imidlalo?

Ungakwazi na ukuxhawula isandla sakho nokuba siphukile?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi ithambo elisesandleni sakho elaphukileyo kwaye ukuba liqhekeke kangakanani, unokukwazi ukushukuma nokusebenzisa isandla sakho kancinci. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba unako ukushukumisa isandla sakho, ungasinyanzeli - ingakumbi ukuba sibuhlungu kakhulu xa usisebenzisa. Ukwenza njalo kunokuyenza imeko ibe mandundu.

Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba unethambo elaphukileyo esandleni sakho, kungcono ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Okukhona ugqirha efumanisa kwaye enyanga esi sifo ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona siya kuphila ngokukhawuleza kwaye amathuba okuba neengxaki anciphe.

Ingaba le yingalo ephukileyo okanye kukukruneka nje?

Nangona ukwaphuka kwethambo kunye nokukrweleka ziindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zokwenzakala, zombini zinokwenzeka ngenxa yohlobo olufanayo lwengozi (umz., ukuwa).

• Ukuqhekeka kwethambo kwenzeka xa ithambo lonakele kwaye laqhekeka, laphuka, okanye latyumzwa.
• Ukukruquka kwenzeka xa elinye lama-ligaments akho (izicubu ezidibanisa amathambo) loluliwe okanye likrazukile. Ithambo eliphukileyo esandleni sakho linokubangela ukukruquka kwesandla okanye umnwe ("umnwe oxineneyo").

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zazo zombini ziyafana, ngoko ke kunokufuneka i-X-ray ukuze kufunyaniswe ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki.

Siyahleka xa umntu ewa aze aphuke ingalo okanye abethelwe esandleni ngesando kwiikhathuni nakwiimuvi. Kodwa ebomini bokwenyani, ukwenzakala ezandleni akuyonto ihlekisayo. Cinga ngendlela ezibaluleke ngayo izandla zethu xa sisebenzisana nehlabathi elisingqongileyo kwaye senza imisebenzi yethu yemihla ngemihla. Ukuphuka ithambo esandleni sakho kuthetha ukuba kufuneka ufunde ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ngendlela eyahlukileyo kangangeeveki, mhlawumbi nangaphezulu. Oko kunokuba ngumceli mngeni omkhulu.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ukuba wenzakele ingalo yakho, musa ukuyityeshela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu nokudumba, ucinge, "Yinto nje encinci." Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza kwaye uhlolwe. Okukhona ugqirha efumanisa ukuba ingalo yakho yaphukile ngokukhawuleza aze aqale unyango olufanelekileyo, kokukhona amathuba okuba amathambo akho aphole kakuhle kwaye ngokukhawuleza. Emva koko ungabuyela kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo ngokukhawuleza. Hlala usempilweni!

Ukuphuka kwesandla , ukwaphuka kwamathambo, iintlungu zesandla, ukudumba kwesandla, unyango lwesandla, ukwaphuka kwebhokisi, i-cast, i-splint