Ngaba ngequbuliso uziva uphelelwa ngumphefumlo? Ngaba isifuba sakho siyaqina? Masifunde ngale nto (Bronchospasm)!

Ngaba nawe ngamanye amaxesha ngequbuliso ufumana kunzima ukuphefumla? Ngaba uziva ngathi isifuba sakho siyacinezelwa uze uve isandi sokuphefumla xa uphefumla? Nabani na okhe wadibana nento efana nale uya kuqonda ukuba ingaba yinto engathandekiyo neyoyikisayo kangakanani. Oku akukwenzeli wena kuphela, kodwa kuyenzeka kubantu abaninzi. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Bronchospasm)`, enokuba yimbangela ephambili yokuphefumla okufutshane ngolu hlobo. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokulula nangendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le `(Bronchospasm)`?

Ngamafutshane, i-bronchospasm ibangelwa kuxa izakhiwo ezincinci ezifana netyhubhu kwiindlela zethu zomoya ezithwala umoya ukuya emiphungeni yethu – ezaziwa ngokuba yi-bronchi – ziqina ngequbuliso, zibangela ukuba izihlunu ezithambileyo ezizijikelezileyo zinciphe. Cinga ngayo njengokucinezela umbhobho wamanzi kuzo zombini iziphelo, okubangela ukuba amanzi anciphe.

Ezi bronchi ziityhubhu ezithwala umoya ukusuka kumbhobho wakho womoya ukuya emiphungeni yakho. Ngoko ke xa ezi tyhubhu zivalekile, ubungakanani beoksijini efika emiphungeni yakho buyancipha. Yiyo loo nto unengxaki yokuphefumla, kwaye uziva ngathi isifuba sakho siyaxinwa.

Uziva njani xa une-`(Bronchospasm)`?

Enyanisweni, ukuba ne-`(Bronchospasm)` kunokuba ngamava othusayo. Kuba ngequbuliso uziva ngathi awukwazi ukuphefumla kangangoko ufuna. Kumntu ongazange abe nento efana nale ngaphambili, kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo okokuqala.

Khawuthelekelele, xa udidekile, ngequbuliso ufumana kunzima ukuphefumla, ngokungathi kukho umntu okucinezelayo esifubeni. Kunzima nangakumbi ukuphefumla, mhlawumbi kukho isandi esiphuma esifubeni sakho. Kuqhelekile ukuba novalo noloyiko ngelo xesha.

Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ezi mpawu:

• Ukuba uziva isifuba sakho siqina
• Ukuba uziva ngathi kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumla
• Ukuba wenza isandi sokuphefumla xa uphefumla
• Ukuba ukhwehlela rhoqo

Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zinzima, ingakumbi iintlungu zesifuba kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Oku kungalawulwa ukuba ufumana unyango ngexesha.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana `(iBronchospasm)`?

I-Bronchospasm inokwenzeka nakubani na. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba nayo.

• Kwabo bane-allergies ezahlukeneyo
• Kwabo bane-asthma
• Kwabo banezinye izifo zemiphunga (umz. `(COPD)` - Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)

Ukongeza kwaba bantu, abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala nabo banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-bronchospasm.

Oku kuqheleke kakhulu kangangokuba i-bronchospasm ibonwa njengophawu kwizifo ezininzi zemiphunga ezifana ne-asthma, i-emphysema, kunye ne-COPD. Inokwenzeka nakwiintsholongwane ezahlukeneyo zemiphunga.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-`(Bronchospasm)`, `(Laryngospasm)` kunye ne-`(Asthma)`?

La magama mathathu anokubonakala edida kancinci. Nangona onke amathathu echaphazela inkqubo yakho yokuphefumla, ahlukile kwelinye.

• `(Laryngospasm)` vs `(Bronchospasm)`:

I-Bronchospasm ichaphazela i-bronchi (iindlela zomoya) emiphungeni yakho. I-Laryngospasm ichaphazela ii-vocal cords zakho (inxalenye yomqala wakho engcangcazelayo xa uthetha). I-Laryngospasm kuxa ii-vocal cords zakho zivaleka ngequbuliso xa uphefumla, zivale ukuhamba komoya emiphungeni yakho. Oku kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo, ngequbuliso, kodwa kudla ngokuziphelela kumzuzu omnye okanye emibini. Ayiqhelekanga njenge-bronchospasm.

• `(I-Bronchospasm)` vs `(Isifuba)`:

Kubalulekile ukuqonda oku. I-Bronchospasm luphawu lwezifo ezifana ne-asthma. Oko kukuthi, umntu one-asthma unokuba ne-bronchospasm. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu one-bronchospasm one-asthma. Zombini ezi meko zibangelwa kukudumba, ukudumba, okanye ukurhawuzelelwa kwendlela yomoya.

Zithini iimpawu ze-`(Bronchospasm)`?

Iimpawu ze-`(Bronchospasm)` ziyoyikisa kancinci, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokuvela ngequbuliso. Abantu abaninzi baziva ngathi abakwazi ukuphefumla kangangoko kufuneka. Ezinye iimpawu eziphambili zezi:

• Ukuqina kwesifuba
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ukuphefumla ( isandi somlozi esiphuma esifubeni xa uphefumla )
• Ukukhwehlela - Kungaba kukukhwehlela okomileyo okanye ukukhwehlela okune-phlegm.
• Ukudinwa - Oku kusenokubangelwa kukunqongophala kweoksijini.
• Isiyezi

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukuzinyamekela.

Yintoni ebangela oku `(Bronchospasm)`?

I-Bronchospasm inokwenzeka nanini na xa kukho ukurhawuzelelwa okanye ukudumba kwindlela yomoya. Njengoko sele sixoxile, i-asthma yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo ebangela i-bronchospasm. Nangona kunjalo, kukho ezinye izizathu ezininzi:

• Usulelo lwemiphunga okanye iindlela zomoya: Ezi zinokuba zizifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, iintsholongwane, okanye imingxunya. Umzekelo, iimeko ezifana ne-pneumonia okanye i-bronchitis.
• Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuqanda Amaphaphu (i-COPD): Esi sisifo semiphunga esihlala ixesha elide.
• Izinto ezibangela i-allergens: Izinto ezifana nothuli, i-pollen, i-dander yezilwanyana zasekhaya, kunye nokutya okuthile.
• Ukuzilolonga:Abanye abantu banokufumana le `(Bronchospasm)` nokuba besenza umthambo. Siyibiza ngokuba yi`(exercise-induced bronchospasm)`. Khawuthelekelele, emva kokuba ugqibile ukubaleka nokudlala nzima, ufumana kunzima ukuphefumla, kwaye uzive ngathi uza kukhwehlela. Isenokuba yiyo loo nto.
• Umsi weekhemikhali okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela ukucaphuka: Izinto ezifana nezinye iziqholo, umsi ovela kwiimveliso zokucoca, kunye nomsi wokubulala izinambuzane.
• Imozulu ebandayo: Ngokungazelelwe ukuphefumla umoya obandayo kunokuchaphazela nabanye abantu.
• Ukutshaya okanye ukutshaya i-vaping: Oku kwandisa umngcipheko we-bronchospasm kuba konakalisa iindlela zomoya.
• I-anesthesia eqhelekileyo: Abanye abantu banokuhlangabezana nale meko emva kotyando.

Kodwa into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba ngenxa yokuba unesifo esichazwe apha ngasentla, awunakuqiniseka ukuba uza kuba ne-`(Bronchospasm)`. Kodwa kukho umngcipheko.

Kubalulekile: Amaxesha amaninzi, ezinye ii-bronchodilators ezisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-bronchospasm zinokwenza imeko ibe mandundu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-paradoxical bronchospasm. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka kuwe, oko kuthetha ukuba unobunzima bokuphefumla emva kokusebenzisa i-inhaler yakho, kufuneka uyeke ukusebenzisa iyeza ngoko nangoko kwaye uxelele ugqirha wakho.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-`(Bronchospasm)`?

Ugqirha wakho unokuqinisekisa ukuba unayo na i-bronchospasm. Uza kukuhlola, akubuze ngeempawu zakho, aze akubuze ngembali yosapho lwakho. Ngamanye amaxesha, ungathunyelwa kwingcali yemiphunga (i-pulmonologist).

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo olwenziwayo koku?

Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukuze abone ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• I-pulse oximetry: Oku kuquka ukuncamathisela isixhobo esincinci esifana ne-clip kwincam yeminwe yakho okanye indlebe ukuze kulinganiswe inqanaba le-oksijini egazini lakho. Olu luvavanyo olulula kakhulu nolungenabuhlungu.
• I-Spirometry: Kolu vavanyo, ucelwa ukuba uphefumle ngaphakathi nangaphandle ngetyhubhu encinci. Isixhobo (i-spirometer) silinganisa ukuba uphefumla ngokukhawuleza kangakanani na kwaye ungakanani umoya owuphefumlayo nowuphumayo.
• Uvavanyo lomthamo wemiphunga: Oku kuvumela ugqirha wakho ukuba azi ukuba ingakanani na umoya onokuthi ugcinwe yimiphunga yakho.
• Uvavanyo lomthamo wokusasazwa kwemiphunga: Olu vavanyo lukwakucela ukuba uphefumlele kwityhubhu. Lulinganisa ukuba i-oksijini itshintshiselwana kakuhle kangakanani phakathi kwemiphunga yakho kunye negazi lakho.
• Uvavanyo lwegesi yegazi lemithambo:Oku kulinganisa ubungakanani beoksijini kunye nekhabhoni diokside egazini lakho, kunye ne-pH yegazi lakho.
• Umoya ophefumlayo ngokuzithandela we-Eucapnic: Olu vavanyo lungenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba unayo na i-bronchospasm ngexesha lokuzilolonga. Kolu vavanyo, wenzelwe ukuphefumla umxube weoksijini kunye ne-carbon dioxide. Oku kulinganisa indlela ophefumla ngayo ngexesha lokuzilolonga. Ukuba kuyichaphazela kakubi imiphunga yakho, usenokuba ne-bronchospasm ebangelwa kukuzilolonga.

Ukongeza kwezi mvavanyo zokuphefumla, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa iimvavanyo zomfanekiso, ezifana ne-X-ray yesifuba okanye ii-CT scans, ukujonga usulelo okanye ezinye iingxaki ngemiphunga yakho.

Iphathwa njani i-Bronchospasm?

Unyango oluphambili lwe-bronchospasm luhlobo lwamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-bronchodilators. La mayeza asebenza ngokwandisa indlela yomoya enciphileyo (i-bronchi) nokwenza kube lula ukuphefumla. Ii-bronchodilators ziza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nee-inhalers, izisombululo ze-nebulizer, kunye neepilisi.

Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, ugqirha angakunika uhlobo oluthile lonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-steroids ukunciphisa ukudumba kwindlela yomoya.

Iibronchodilators ezisebenza ngokufutshane

Ezi zisetyenziswa njenge "iinhalers zokusindisa". Zinceda ekunikeni isiqabu ngokukhawuleza xa kuvela iimpawu ze-`(Bronchospasm)`. La mayeza asebenza kwimizuzu embalwa ukwandisa indlela yakho yomoya, okwenza kube lula ukuphefumla. Iziphumo zinokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezi-6. Ezona zisetyenziswa kakhulu yi-`(Bronchodilators)` ezisebenza ixesha elifutshane yi-`(Albuterol)` kunye ne-`(Levalbuterol)`.

Ii-bronchodilators ezisebenza ixesha elide

La mayeza asetyenziselwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-bronchospasms kwixesha elizayo. Awacetyiswa njenge "inhaler zokusindisa" (ngaphandle kweFormoterol), njengoko enganiki ncedo ngoko nangoko. Athatha ixesha ukuqala ukusebenza, kodwa ahlala malunga neeyure ezili-12. Ii-bronchodilators ezisebenza ixesha elide ezisetyenziswa kakhulu yiSalmeterol, Formoterol, kunye neVilanterol.

Olunye uhlobo lwe-bronchodilator esebenza ixesha elide lubizwa ngokuba yi-anticholinergic. Ezi zikwafumaneka njenge-inhalers esebenza ixesha elifutshane (umz., ipratropium) kunye ne-long-acting (umz., i-tiotropium, umeclidinium, aclidinium).

IiSteroids

Ii-steroids zisebenza ngokunciphisa ukudumba (ukudumba) kwindlela yakho yomoya. La mayeza adla ngokunikezelwa njenge-inhaler. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-bronchospasm yakho inzima, inokunikwa njengeepilisi okanye nge-intravenously ngokusebenzisa umgca we-IV.

Yintoni onokuyenza ekhaya xa une-`(Bronchospasm)`?

Enyanisweni, akukho ndlela ithile yonyango lwasekhaya enokuthintela i-bronchospasm xa sele iqalile. Ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka usebenzise i-bronchodilator esebenza ngokukhawuleza (umz. i-inhaler) ukuze unciphise iimpawu zakho.

Ukuba ugqirha sele efumanise ukuba ukhe waba ne-`(Bronchospasm)`, kufuneka ukuba sele unayo i-`(Bronchodilator)`. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le yinto yakho yokuqala oyifumanayo, kwaye awunayo i-`(Bronchodilator)`, kungcono uye esibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko uze ufumane unyango.

Ezinye iingcali zithi imithambo yokuphefumla inokunciphisa umngcipheko we-bronchospasm. Nangona kunjalo, oku kusafundwa, ngoko ke kufuneka ubungqina obongezelelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, le mithambo ayizukuthintela i-bronchospasm xa sele iqalile. Ukuba une-bronchospasms rhoqo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokuyilawula.

Ngaba i-bronchospasm ingathintelwa?

Akunakwenzeka ukuthintela ngokupheleleyo i-bronchospasm. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho. Umzekelo:

• Sela amanzi amaninzi. Aya kunciphisa umhluzi esifubeni sakho kwaye kube lula ukuphefumla.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya nokutshaya umsi ngokupheleleyo.
• Zifudumeze ngaphambi kokuba uzilolonge.
• Ukuba une-allergies, nciphisa amathuba okuba ungaziva izinto ezifana ne-pollen.
• Nciphisa ukuzilolonga kwiindawo ezibandayo.
• Fumana amayeza akho okugonya ngexesha, ingakumbi ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala. (umz., amayeza okugonya i-pneumonia, amayeza okugonya i-influenza)

Yintoni ekufuneka ilindelwe ngumntu one-`(Bronchospasm)`?

Ukuba ugqirha ufumanise ukuba une-bronchospasm, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uya kukunika i-bronchodilator esebenza ixesha elifutshane (i-rescue inhaler) ukuze uyisebenzise xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Banokukunika ne-bronchodilator esebenza ixesha elide ukunceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko we-bronchospasms kwixesha elizayo.

I-Bronchospasm idla ngokuthatha malunga neentsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-14. Ngeli xesha, ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okulawula iimpawu zakho.

Ngaba i-Bronchospasm ingasongela ubomi?

Ukuba ayinyangwanga kakuhle, i-bronchospasm enzima inokuba yingozi ebomini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba inyangwa ngokukhawuleza, iimpawu zihlala ziphela kwimizuzu embalwa. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze-bronchospasm, sebenzisa i-bronchodilator yakho ngoko nangoko. Ukuba awunayo i-bronchodilator, fowunela u-911 okanye uye esibhedlele esikufutshane.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu ezingapheliyo ze-`(Bronchospasm)`, okanye ukuba ziphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, bona ugqirha.

Ngokukodwa, ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo, fowunela u-911 (okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni) ngoko nangoko, okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele elikufutshane:

• Ukuba kunzima kakhulu ukuphefumla.
• Ukuba ukhwehlela igazi kunye ne-mucus.
• Ukuba unentlungu esifubeni xa uphefumla.
• Ukuba uziva unesizungu okanye utyhafile.

## Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya)

I-Bronchospasm yimeko enokunyangeka. Nangona kunjalo, kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo ukuyiva.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Singakunceda ulawule le meko.

• Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla efana ne-asthma okanye i-COPD ekubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu we-bronchospasm, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
• Sebenzisa amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho (ingakumbi ii-inhalers) njengoko kuyalelwe nangamaxesha afanelekileyo.
• Soloko uphethe "i-inhaler yokusindisa" xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo. Buza ugqirha wakho ngendlela echanekileyo yokuyisebenzisa.
• Chonga izinto ezinokubangela i-bronchospasm kwaye uzame ukuziphepha kangangoko unako.
• Ukuba ufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuqina kwesifuba, okanye isandi sokuphefumla, musa ukusityeshela. Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Nyamekela impilo yakho yokuphefumla. Ukuba uneengxaki, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho.

i- bronchospasm, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukuqina kwesifuba, i-asthma, isifo sokuphefumla, i-bronchodilator, i-inhaler