Ngaba uzive ubhityile kwaye ungenabomi? Masifunde ngeCachexia (i-Wasting Syndrome)!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhe ucinge, 'Owu, kutheni ndibhityile kangaka? Andikwazi nokutya. Ndidiniwe imini yonke.' Okanye ngaba ukhe wambona umntu osondeleyo kuwe egula yile meko? Enyanisweni, kukho imeko ephazamisayo kakhulu enokwenzeka ngezifo ezinzima, ezihlala ixesha elide. Oogqirha bayibiza ngokuba yiCachexia , okanye iWasting Syndrome . Le yimeko echaphazela abantu abamalunga nezigidi ezili-9 kwihlabathi liphela. Ngamafutshane, ibangela ukuba umzimba uphele kancinci kancinci. Eli gama livela kumagama amabini esiGrike, elithi "kakos" (elibi) kunye nelithi "hexis" (imeko). Ngoko ke, "imeko yomzimba embi" yiloo nto ithethwayo. Le ayisiyonto ilula ukuyenza, kodwa masithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha, kuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda.

Zithini iimpawu zeCachexia?

Oogqirha banokusebenzisa igama elithi "cachectic" xa bethetha ngale meko. Jonga ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unazo na ezi mpawu:

• Ukwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo: Olu luphawu oluphambili. Uhlala unciphisa ubunzima, nokuba awuzami ukunciphisa umzimba kwaye utya ukutya okunempilo. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuba ulahlekelwa yi-5% okanye ngaphezulu kobunzima bakho bubonke kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-12, oogqirha banokuba nokungabaza. Umzekelo, ukuba ubunzima bakho buziikhilogram ezingama-60, ukunciphisa ubunzima obuziikhilogram ezi-3 nangaphezulu kunokuba luphawu loku.
• Ukulahlekelwa yimisipha: Oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuba kukuphelelwa yimisipha okanye ukuwohloka kwemisipha . Ngamafutshane, izihlunu emzimbeni wakho ziyaphelelwa ngamandla azo kancinci kancinci. Ziya zisiba buthathaka kwaye zibe ncinci. Ungafumanisa ukuba nemisebenzi eyayilula ngaphambili ibonakala inzima ukuyenza.
• Ukudinwa nobuthathaka: Oku akukokudinwa nje okuqhelekileyo. Uziva udiniwe imini yonke kangangokuba awukwazi kwenza nto. Usenokungaziva nokufuna ukuphuma ebhedini.
• I-Anorexia (ukulahlekelwa yinkanuko): Ukulahlekelwa yinkanuko. Ukutya akusabonakali kwaye akunambitheki kakuhle. Oku kwahlukile kwingxaki yokutya ebizwa ngokuba yi -Anorexia Nervosa . Le yimeko apho umntu elahlekelwa yinkanuko yakhe ngenxa yesi sifo.

Kutheni i-Cachexia isenzeka?

Ngamafutshane, i-cachexia yenzeka xa ubudlelwane phakathi kwemfuno yamandla emizimbeni yethu kunye nobonelelo lwamandla esilufumana ekutyeni luphazamiseka. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukubakho kwesifo esingapheliyo esinzulu, njengomhlaza, okanye isifo sentliziyo.

Khawuthelekelele, xa ufumana isifo esinzulu, amajoni akho omzimba aqala ukulwa neso sifo. Emva koko imetabolism yomzimba wakho ikhawuleza. Oko kuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho udinga amandla angaphezulu kunesiqhelo. Kodwa, ngenxa yeso sifo, ukutya kwakho kunokuncipha.

Ngoko ke, xa ungafumani amandla aneleyo ekutyeni, umzimba wakho wenza ntoni? Uqala ukutsala amandla kwimisipha yakho kunye namafutha akho. Yiyo loo nto uncipha ubunzima kwaye imisipha yakho iyanyibilika.

Ukubeka oku ngokwesayensi kancinci, kukho izizathu ezithile ezichaphazela oku:

• IiCytokines eziNyukileyo: IiCytokines ziiproteni ezikhethekileyo kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela. Ezi zinceda umzimba wethu ukuba ulwe nabahlaseli abafana neentsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, kwiCachexia, ezi cytokines zikhula kakhulu kwaye zibangele ukudumba emzimbeni wonke. Oku kubangela ukulahleka kwamafutha kunye nemisipha.
• Ukudumba okubangelwa zizifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nomhlaza kukwabangela ukuphelelwa ngamandla kwamafutha kunye nemisipha.
• Ukuxhathisa i-insulin: I-insulin yi-hormone elawula iswekile egazini emizimbeni yethu. Ukuxhathisa i-insulin kuthetha ukuba izihlunu zethu kunye neeseli zamafutha aziphenduli kakuhle kwi-insulin. Kwi-cachexia, le meko inokukhokelela ekuwohlokeni kwemisipha ngakumbi.
• Ukwanda kokuguquka kweeproteni: Kukho inkqubo kwiiseli zethu apho iiproteni ezintsha zenziwa khona ukuze zithathe indawo yeeproteni ezindala. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba kukuchithwa kweeproteni. Kwi-cachexia, izinga apho ezi proteni ziqhekeka liyanda ngokukhawuleza kunezinga apho kwenziwa khona ezintsha. Oku kuthetha ukuba umzimba usebenzisa iiproteni ezingaphezulu kunezo wenza ezintsha. Oku kukwangunobangela omkhulu wokulahleka kwezihlunu.

Ziziphi iimeko ezixhaphake kakhulu kwiCachexia?

I-Cachexia ixhaphake kakhulu kwizigulane ezinomhlaza . Izifundo zibonisa ukuba malunga nama-40% ezigulane ezinomhlaza zine-cachexia xa isifo siqala ukufunyaniswa, kwaye malunga nama-70% ezigulane ezinomhlaza osele uqalile okanye osele ufikelele kwinqanaba lokugqibela zine-cachexia.

Nangona kunjalo, le meko ingenzeka kungekuphela nje kubantu abanomhlaza, kodwa nakubantu abanezinye izifo ezingapheliyo ezinzulu. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Ukusilela kwentliziyo okubangelwa kukunganyamezelani: Phakathi kwe-16% kunye ne-42% yabantu abanesifo sentliziyo banokuba ne-cachexia yentliziyo .
• Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (i-COPD): I-Cachexia ikhula kwi-27% ukuya kwi-35% yabantu abane-COPD.
• Isifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo (CKD): Esi sifo sichaphazela abantu abaphakathi kwama-30% nama-60% abane-CKD.
• Izifo ezithile ezisulelayo: Umzekelo, i-AIDS (i-Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome)I-cachexia ixhaphakile njengoko esi sifo siqhubeka. Ingakhula nakubantu abanezifo ezifana nesifo sephepha kunye nemalariya.
• Izifo ezingapheliyo zokudumba: Phakathi kwe-18% kunye ne-67% yabantu abaneengxaki zokudumba kwamalungu, njenge -rheumatoid arthritis , banokuba ne-cachexia.

Zithini iingxaki ze-cachexia?

I-Cachexia yimeko enokuba yingozi ebomini. Cinga ngoku, i-Cachexia ibangela ama-20% abantu ababulawa ngumhlaza. Kuba xa ibangela ukuphelelwa yimisipha, inokuchaphazela intliziyo kunye nokuphefumla.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuxilongwa kwe-cachexia kuthetha ukuba isiphelo sobomi sisondele. Ezi ziindaba ezinzima ukuva, kokubili kumguli nakubantu abathandayo. Zingakhokelela kwiingxaki zengqondo ezifana nokuxhalaba kunye nokudakumba.

Xa i-cachexia ibangela ukwehla kobunzima kunye notshintsho kwimbonakalo, abanye abantu banokuziva beneentloni kwaye bexhalabile. Kwakhona kuyadabukisa kakhulu ukungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wakho ngenxa yobuthathaka emzimbeni wakho.

Uphando lubonise ukuba kunokubakho unxibelelwano olungathandekiyo phakathi komntu one-cachexia kunye nabanakekeli bakhe. Khawuthelekelele indlela ekunzima ngayo ukubukela umntu omthandayo esiba buthathaka, ebuthathaka, aze alahlekelwe kukuzimela. Ngamanye amaxesha, abanakekeli bacinga, "Ukuba ndibanika ukutya okuncinci, ndiza kukwazi ukulawula oku." Nangona kunjalo, xa isigulana singavumi ukutya, siziva sibuhlungu kwaye sinomsindo. Olu xinzelelo lokutya lunokwenza nokuba iintlanganiso zentsapho zingabi mnandi. Ezinye izigulana zizenza ngathi zilele xa kufika iindwendwe, zinethemba lokuba ziza kuzinyanzela ukuba zitye.

Ifunyanwa njani iCachexia?

Into yokuqala ugqirha aza kuyenza kukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Baza kukubuza ngempilo yakho ngokubanzi, naziphi na ezinye iimeko zempilo onazo, ingakumbi ukuba usebenzisa amayeza angapheliyo anokubangela i-cachexia yakho. Banokwenza novavanyo lokujonga ukomelela komzimba wakho kunye namandla emisipha yakho. Banokwenza novavanyo lwegazi, olufana neComprehensive Metabolic Panel (CMP) , kunye ne -CT (Computed Tomography) scan .

Iphathwa njani iCachexia?

Enyanisweni, akukho nyango luthile lwe-cachexia okwangoku. Oogqirha bagxila kakhulu ekunyangeni imeko ebangela i-cachexia. Oko kuthetha ukuba ukunyanga umhlaza, isifo sentliziyo, okanye esinye isifo esingapheliyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo.

Ukongeza, xa unomdla wokutya, unokucetyiswa ngeendlela zokunyusa ukutya okutyayo.

Umzekelo, oogqirha banokucebisa ukuba utye ukutya okuneproteni eninzi, amafutha kunye neekhalori, ngezixa ezincinci, amaxesha amaninzi ngemini.Nokuba awukwazi ukutya isidlo esikhulu ngaxeshanye, ukutya ukutya okuncinci amaxesha amaninzi ngemini kuya kukunceda ufumane iikhalori ezingaphezulu. Kungcono ukuthetha nengcali yakho yesondlo malunga nokutya okufanelekileyo ngeli xesha lonyaka kunye nendlela onokuyisebenzisa ngayo yonke into oyityayo.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokunyanga i-cachexia?

Okwangoku, akukho mayeza athile avunyiweyo kwi-cachexia. Nangona uphando oluthile lubonisa ukuba iyeza le-megestrol acetate linokunyusa ukutya kwaye libangele ukutyeba, alikavunywa yi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) njengonyango lwe-cachexia ebangelwa ngumhlaza. Kwezinye iimeko, oogqirha banokunika amayeza anjenge -corticosteroids ixesha elifutshane.

Yintoni abanokuyenza abo banyamekela abantu abagulayo?

Ukuba unyamekela umntu one-cachexia, kubalulekile ukukhumbula oku: Xa i-cachexia ikhula ngenxa yesifo esibi, imetabolism yomzimba ikhawuleza, ngoko ke izigulane aziziva zilambile. Yiyo loo nto, nokuba ubanika iikhalori ezingaphezulu , imeko ye-cachexia ayisoloko iphucuka. Ukunyanzelisa ukutya kwandisa kuphela iimpawu ezifana nokucaphuka nokuhlanza. Oku kwenza isigulana singakhululeki nangakumbi.

Ngoko ke, endaweni yokunyanzela umntu omthandayo ukuba atye, cinga ngezinye iindlela zokumthuthuzela. Umzekelo, izinto ezincinci ezifana nokumphulula umzimba ngamanye amaxesha, ukumthambisa umzimba wakhe, okanye ukumthambisa imilebe ukuba yomile kunokuba yintuthuzelo enkulu. Kukwabalulekile kakhulu ukuba uthethe naye kwaye umphulaphule.

Ukuba ndine-Cachexia, ndimele ndilindele ntoni?

Ukuba unale meko, usenokuba sele unesifo esinzulu, mhlawumbi esibulalayo. Ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, ukuxilongwa kwe-cachexia kunokuthetha ukuba usondela esiphelweni sobomi bakho. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba kukho iimeko ezininzi ezinokubangela i-cachexia, imeko yakho isenokuba yahlukile ngokupheleleyo kweyomnye umntu. Ke ngoko, eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwazi ukuba ulindele ntoni kukuthetha neqela lakho lezempilo. Vula kubo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Nangona kungekho sikhokelo sicacileyo sokuphila ne-cachexia, ezi ngcebiso zinokukunceda:

• Yitya kakuhle (kodwa unganyanzelisi): Yitya xa ufuna ukutya. Kodwa ungazinyanzeli ukuba utye kuba unyanzelekile.
• Zama ukutya okuncinci: Xa uziva uxinezelekile, usenokungathandi ukutya isidlo esikhulu. Ngoko ke, zama ukutya ukutya okuncinci okune-calories ezininzi izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini. Thetha nengcali yakho yesondlo malunga neengcinga zokutya.
• Yenza umthambo olula:Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukwenza umthambo olula kakhulu kunokunceda ukuqinisa izihlunu zakho. Nokuba uhamba nje okanye ushukumisa iingalo nemilenze yakho kancinci kuya kunceda.
• Fumana inkxaso yempilo yengqondo: Kuqhelekile ukuba abantu abanezifo ezinzima ezifana nale babe noxinzelelo kunye nokudakumba. Ngoko ke, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukucela uncedo kwiqela lakho lezonyango ngale nto.
• Cinga ngonyango lokudambisa iintlungu: Unyango lokudambisa iintlungu luhlobo oluthile lonyango olunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho kunye nemiphumo emibi yonyango.
• Buza ngenkxaso ye-hospice: Buza iqela lakho lezonyango ngenkxaso ye-hospice. Oku kungabandakanya inkxaso evela kubantu abafana nabacebisi bezomoya kunye nabasebenzi bezentlalo.

Ngaba ukondla ngetyhubhu lunyango lwe-cachexia?

Oogqirha ngokubanzi abacebisi ukondla i-enteral kunye nesondlo se-parenteral kwi-cachexia, njengoko olu nyango lungakhange lubonakaliswe ukuba luphucula i-cachexia okanye lwandise ubomi.

Ukondla ngetyhubhu kukunika ukutya okunesondlo ngombhobho oguquguqukayo ofakwe ngempumlo, ngqo esiswini, okanye emathunjini amancinci. Ukutya okunesondlo se-Parenteral kukunika ukutya okunesondlo ngqo emthanjeni ngomgca we-IV.

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Cachexia, okanye i-Wasting Syndrome, yimeko echaphazela abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo ezinzulu, ingakumbi umhlaza oqhubele phambili kunye nesifo sentliziyo. Rhoqo, ithathwa njengenye yezigaba zokugqibela zobomi. Ezi ziindaba ezibuhlungu ngokwenene ukuva, nokuba une-cachexia okanye unyamekela umntu onazo. Oogqirha bakho bayazi ukuba ingakanani i-cachexia enokuphazamisa ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla kwaye ichaphazele impilo yakho yengqondo. Ukuba ukule meko, musa ukuzibamba kwaye ufune inkxaso yempilo yengqondo kwiqela lakho lezonyango. Khumbula, awuwedwa. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi oku, ukuqonde, kwaye ufumane uncedo oludingayo.

i- cachexia, i-wasting syndrome, ukubhitya, ukuphelelwa ngamandla komzimba, umhlaza, isifo esingapheliyo, ukwehla kobunzima, ukuphelelwa ngamandla kwemisipha, ukutya okunesondlo, i-anorexia