Ingaba umntwana wakho unale ngxaki? Ngaba amathumbu aphumile? - Masifunde ngeGastroschisis

Ngaba umntwana wakho wazalwa enenxalenye encinci yamathumbu akhe ephuma ngaphandle? Kuqhelekile ukuba umama okanye utata akhathazeke xa ebona into efana nale. Kodwa ukuba unolwazi olufanelekileyo ngale nto, akukho nto inokubangela uxhalabe ngayo. Namhlanje, masithethe ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yiGastroschisis. Oku kunokuvakala njengesifo esikhulu xa usiva, kodwa masithethe ngayo ngokulula.

Yintoni iGastroschisis? Masiyiqonde ngokulula

Khawucinge nje, xa umntwana efika kweli hlabathi, intwana yamathumbu akhe (oko kukuthi, isisu, amathumbu amancinci, kunye namathumbu amakhulu) ayaphuma? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-gastroschisis. Le yimeko yokuzalwa. La mathumbu aphuma emngxunyeni omncinci esiswini somntwana, ngesiqhelo malunga neesentimitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-5, ngaphaya nje kwentambo yesisu.

Oku kwenzeka kwasekuqaleni kobomi bomntwana. Oko kukuthi, xa udonga lwesisu lomntwana lungakhekanga ngokupheleleyo, kushiyeka umngxuma omncinci, kwaye eli lungu liphuma kuwo. Emva koko, amathumbu aphumileyo ayadada kwi-amniotic fluid, elulwelo olumanzi ngaphakathi kwesibeleko sikamama. Ngenxa yoku, ngamanye amaxesha la malungu anokudumba kancinci aze abangele usulelo oluncinci.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba kule meko, kufuneka utyando ukuze kubuyiselwe amalungu omntwana emzimbeni kwaye kuvalwe umngxuma.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweGastroschisis kunye neOmphalocele?

Kukho esinye isiphene sokuzalwa esibizwa ngokuba yi-Omphalocele. Sikwabandakanya amalungu esisu somntwana aphumayo. Kodwa kukho umahluko omncinci phakathi kwezi zimbini.

• Isifo seGastroschisis: Apha, amathumbu aphuma engenasigqubuthelo. Oku kuthetha ukuba amathumbu abonakala ngokuthe ngqo.
• I-Omphalocele: Apha, amalungu aphumayo agqunywe yi- membrane encinci.

Oogqirha banokubona lo mahluko rhoqo ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-ultrasound ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe.

Ngubani onokuthi achaphazeleke kakhulu yile meko?

Unobangela ochanekileyo we-gastroschisis awukafunyanwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba nawuphi na umfazi okhulelweyo unethuba lokukhula kumntwana wakhe. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izifundo (umzekelo, izifundo ezenziwe yiZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye nokuThintela - i-CDC) zibonise ukuba izinto ezithile zinokunyusa umngcipheko. Ezi ziquka:

• Oomama abakhulelwa besebancinci kakhulu: Oko kukuthi, abo baba ngoomama besebancinci.
• Ukusebenzisa icuba, ukusela utywala, okanye ukusebenzisa ezinye iziyobisi ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ezi zizinto ezibangela umngcipheko ezichongiweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Kodwa khumbula, le meko inokwenzeka nakubantu abangenzi nanye kwezi zinto.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-gastroschisis?

Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu.Umzekelo, eMelika, le meko ichaphazela malunga nesana elinye kwi-2,000 ezizalwa minyaka le. Oku akuqhelekanga naseSri Lanka.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeGastroschisis?

Umama usenokungabi nazimpawu ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngenxa yesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, ii-ultrasound scans zingabonisa oku kulandelayo kwicala lomntwana:

• Isisu somntwana, amathumbu amancinci, okanye amathumbu amakhulu kubonakala ngathi angaphandle komzimba .
• Amathumbu aphumileyo asenokuba avuvukile .
• Ngamanye amaxesha amathumbu anokujijeka kunye .
• Emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe , ubushushu bomzimba wakhe bunokwehla (i-hypothermia).

Yintoni ebangela i-gastroschisis?

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, isizathu esichanekileyo soku asikaziwa okwangoku. Yiloo nto nje: Njengoko umntwana ekhula esibelekweni, udonga lwesibeleko alukheki ngokupheleleyo. Yiyo loo nto ebangela oku. Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela zokuthintela iziphene zokuzalwa.

Ifunyanwa njani iGastroschisis?

Le meko ifunyaniswa nokuba ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Ihlala ifunyaniswa xa kuvavanywa rhoqo phakathi kweeveki ezili-18 nezingama-20 zokukhulelwa. Zithini ezi mvavanyo?

• I-Ultrasound: Olu vavanyo lusebenzisa amaza esandi ukuze lubone ngokucacileyo izicubu ezingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, kunye nosana. Lunokubonisa nokuba amathumbu aphumile na.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Izinto ezithile egazini likamama ziyalinganiswa. Ngokukodwa, ukuba inqanaba leproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi -alpha-fetoprotein liphezulu kunesiqhelo (ingakumbi phakathi kweeveki ezili-18-22), isenokuba luphawu lwemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-gastroschisis.
• Uvavanyo lwe-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Olu luvavanyo lomfanekiso. Lungathatha imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha ezingaphezulu zangaphakathi lomzimba wakho kunye nomntwana wakho. Asinguye wonke umntu okudingayo oku, kodwa oogqirha banokukucebisa kwiimeko ezithile ezikhethekileyo.

Iphathwa njani iGastroschisis?

Nokuba le meko ifunyaniswa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, unyango lunokuqala kuphela emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.

Utyando luyimfuneko. Olu tyando lubandakanya ukubuyisela amalungu omntwana emzimbeni kunye nokuvala umngxuma okufutshane nentambo yomntwana. Oku kuya kuthintela amalungu ukuba angaphindi aphume.

Ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima bemeko yomntwana kunye nokuba zingaphi izitho zomzimba eziphumileyo, kukho iintlobo ezimbini zotyando:

1. Ukulungiswa okuphambili: Ukuba kunokwenzeka, utyando lwenziwa kwangoko emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe kwaye amalungu omzimba afakwa ukuvala umngxuma esiswini. Le yinto edla ngokuzanywa.

2. Ukulungiswa ngokwezigaba:Ukuba imeko ye-gastroschisis inzima ngakumbi, oko kuthetha ukuba umntwana akaphilile ngokwaneleyo ukuba angamelana notyando, okanye akukho ndawo yaneleyo esiswini somntwana yokwamkela zonke ezi zitho ngaxeshanye, ugqirha uza kwenza utyando ngokwamanqanaba.

Ukususela kwixesha umntwana ezelwe ngalo de kube lutyando, ugqirha wotyando lomntwana ugquma amalungu aphumayo kwingxowa yeplastiki ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-silo . Oku kuthintela amalungu ukuba angasuleleki, ome, kwaye onakale.

Emva kotyando lokuqala, ngamanye amaxesha kunokufuneka utyando olongezelelweyo ukuze kwakhiwe kwakhona izihlunu zesisu okanye amathumbu omntwana.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingxaki emva kotyando?

Ewe, kukho iingxaki ezithile ezinokwenzeka emva kotyando lwe-gastroschisis. Zithini ezo?

• Usulelo kwindawo yotyando.
• Ubunzima bokutya.

Ngamaxesha anje, umntwana usenokufuna ukondliwa nge -intravenous (IV), njenge-saline , okanye nge- nasogastric tube de akwazi ukutya kakuhle kwakhona.

Ngaba iingxaki zamathumbu zinokwenzeka emva konyango lwe-gastroschisis?

Malunga nama-25% eentsana ezizalwa zine-gastroschisis zinokuba neengxaki ezithile ekukhuleni kwamathumbu azo. Oku kungadinga utyando olongezelelweyo ukuze kunyangwe. Imizekelo:

• Ukususwa kwamathumbu: Ukususwa kweendawo ezonakeleyo zamathumbu ngotyando.
• Ileostomy okanye iColostomy: Oku kuquka ukususa isiphelo esinye samathumbu eludongeni lwesisu nokubeka ibhegi apho ukuze kuqokelelwe indle. Oku akufuneki kuye wonke umntu, kuphela kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo.

Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeGastroschisis?

Iintsana ezizalwa zine-gastroschisis zinokujamelana neengxaki zempilo ebomini bazo bonke:

• Ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha: Iintsana ezine-gastroschisis zihlala zizalwa ngaphambi kwexesha.
• Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu: Emva kotyando, amathumbu omntwana anokuba mancinci kwezinye iindawo, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba ukutya kunye nendle kungaphumi kakuhle.
• Isifo samathumbu amafutshane: Esi sisifo esingaqhelekanga kakhulu. Abanye abantwana baneendawo ezimbalwa zamathumbu abo, nto leyo enokwenza kube nzima kubo ukufunxa izondlo ekutyeni.

Ndingamsa nini umntwana wam ekhaya emva kotyando lwe-gastroschisis?

Ngenxa yobunzima bemeko yosana, wangeniswa kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluNzulu lweZifo eziSandulelayo (i-NICU) yesibhedlele.Kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeeveki ezimbini ukuya kwiinyanga ezininzi. Eli xesha limiselwa ngokujonga ngononophelo amanxeba omntwana ukuze kubonwe ukuba aphola kakuhle na kwaye akwazi na ukutya nokugaya ukutya ngokufanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kufuneka utyando olongezelelweyo, ukuhlala esibhedlele kunokuba ixesha elide.

Ndingayinciphisa njani ingozi yokuba nomntwana one-gastroschisis?

Nangona le ngozi ingenakususwa ngokupheleleyo, ukulandela ezinye izinto kunokunceda ukunciphisa ingozi:

• Kuphephe ukutshaya nokusebenzisa iimveliso zecuba.
• Musa ukusela utywala ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Musa ukusebenzisa iintlungu (ingakumbi ii-opioid) ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo nokunokulinganisela .

Ukulandela ezi zinto kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yakho kunye neyomntwana wakho.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ukuba umntwana wam une-gastroschisis?

Kwangoko nje umntwana ezelwe, kufuneka utyando lokuvala isisu ngokufaka amalungu omzimba akhe. Ukuba umngxuma esiswini mkhulu, oogqirha baza kufaka amalungu omzimba kancinci kancinci kwiintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe.

Emva kotyando, umntwana wakho uza kunikwa izondlo ezine-IV (ezifakwa kwi-intravenous) kunye nee-antibiotics ukuthintela usulelo de aphile. Awunakunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwebele okanye ubisi lwefomyula emva nje kotyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba ungaqala nini ukunika umntwana wakho ubisi lwebele/ubisi lwefomyula.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba umntwana wakho unemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-gastroschisis kuphela, uya kuphila ngokupheleleyo aze akhule njengaye nawuphi na umntwana. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokuba neengxaki ezithile zokugaya ukutya kamva ebomini. Ugqirha wakho uza kuthetha nawe ngale nto.

Ubeleka njani umntwana one-gastroschisis?

Kungcono ukubelekela umntwana wakho esibhedlele esineyunithi yokhathalelo oluphezulu lweentsana (i-NICU) kunye noogqirha abangochwephesha ekunyangeni ezi meko. Iintsana ezine-gastroschisis zihlala zibelekiswa ngendlela yesini okanye ngotyando lwe-cesarean (utyando lwe-C). Ugqirha wakho wokubeletha uza kukunceda ukhethe ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kumntwana wakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha emva kotyando?

Emva kotyando, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko ukuba umntwana wakho unezinye zezi mpawu:

• Ukuba indawo yotyando idumbile kwaye ibomvu .
• Ukuba kukho into efana nolwelo oluvuzayo kwindawo yotyando.
• Ukuba uyahlanza okanye ukuba awuyityi kakuhle indle.

Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zosulelo okanye ezinye iingxaki, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ngexesha elinje, usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi. Musa ukoyika ukubuza ugqirha wakho. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• Ziziphi iingxaki ze-gastroschisis ezihlala ixesha elide ?
• Umntwana wam uza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani esibhedlele emva kotyando?
• Ndingaqala nini ukunika umntwana wam ubisi lwebele okanye ubisi lwefomyula?

Kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo ukubona amalungu omzimba omntwana wakho ephuma xa ezalwa. Nangona kunjalo, umntwana wakho unethuba elingcono lokuphola emva kotyando ukuze abuyisele amalungu. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukuchazela yonke into kwaye likukhokele kwinkqubo yotyando kunye nokuphola.

## Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya

• I-Gastroschisis kuxa amathumbu omntwana, njengezitho zomzimba, ephuma ngomngxuma omncinci esiswini.
• Andiyazi isizathu esichanekileyo sale nto.
• Oku kunokubonwa ngovavanyo lwe-ultrasound ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Unyango kukwenza utyando lokufaka isitho kunye nokuvala umngxuma.
• Uninzi lweentsana luyachacha ngokupheleleyo kule meko kwaye lukhula ngendlela eqhelekileyo.
• Ukuze kuncitshiswe umngcipheko, kubalulekile ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Baza kukunceda.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda. Khumbula, awuwedwa. Oogqirha kunye nabahlengikazi basoloko bekulungele ukunceda wena nomntwana wakho.

Isisu , iziphene zokuzalwa, ukuncipha kwamathumbu, impilo yomntwana, ukukhulelwa, utyando lweentsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa, ukhathalelo lweentsana ezisandul' ukuzalwa