Ngaba unazo ezi mpawu zingaqhelekanga? Masithethe ngeCarcinoid Syndrome!

Ngamanye amaxesha asazi kakuhle ukuba kwenzeka ntoni emizimbeni yethu, akunjalo? Ngaba wakha waziva urhawuzelelwa ngequbuliso, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesisu, kunye norhudo? Ezi ayizozinto nje ezingaqhelekanga. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esingaqhelekanga esibizwa ngokuba yiCarcinoid Syndrome. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje.

Yintoni iCarcinoid Syndrome?

Ngamafutshane, i-carcinoid syndrome yingqokelela yeempawu ezibangelwa luhlobo lokukhula komhlaza emzimbeni wakho olubizwa ngokuba yi -neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) . Ezi seli ze-neuroendocrine luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweeseli ezibandakanyeka kwiinkqubo zethu zemithambo-luvo kunye neehomoni. Ii-NET zenzeka xa ezi seli zahlukana ngequbuliso kwaye zanda ngokukhawuleza, zenze ii-tumor.

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba esi sisifo esichaphazela wonke umntu na. Hayi, sisifo esingaqhelekanga ngokwenene. Izifundo zibonisa ukuba malunga nomntu omnye kwabahlanu abanee-neuroendocrine tumors (ii-NET) banesifo se-carcinoid syndrome. Ii-NET aziqhelekanga kangako, kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba zi-5 kwi-100,000 eMelika.

Ezi NET, ingakumbi ezo zikwindlela yakho yokugaya ukutya okanye imiphunga, zikhupha iihomoni ezininzi ezifana ne -serotonin kunye nezinye iikhemikhali emzimbeni ngaxeshanye. Kulapho ke kuvela khona iimpawu ze-carcinoid syndrome. Ngamanye amaxesha, uqala wazi ukuba une-NET emva kokuba kuvele iimpawu zesi sifo.

Kunqabile kakhulu, ukuba le carcinoid syndrome ayifunyaniswanga kwaye ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, inokukhokelela kwingxakeko esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi 'carcinoid crisis'. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukwazi oku.

Zithini iimpawu zeCarcinoid Syndrome?

Makhe sijonge ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo zale meko. Jonga ukuba unayo na enye kwezi mpawu, nganye nganye:

• Ukuhlanjwa: Oku kunokuba yinto engathandekiyo kancinci. Kufana nokuhlanjwa xa uneentloni, kodwa ukuba kwenzeka rhoqo ngaphandle kwesizathu, kufuneka ukhathazeke.
• Ukuphefumla nzima nokuphefumla kancinci (ukuphelelwa ngamandla): Kusenokuvakala ngathi kunzima ukuphefumla, okanye njengesandi sokuphefumla esiphuma esifubeni.
• Ukuqaqamba kwesisu kunye norhudo oluqhumayo noluhlala lusenzeka: Intlungu yesisu kunye norhudo oluqhubekayo nolunzima. Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukulawula.
• Indle enamafutha enuka kakubi: Indle isenokubonakala inamafutha kwaye inevumba elingaqhelekanga.
• Ukudumba okanye ukudumba kweenyawo nemilenze yakho:Oku ngamanye amaxesha kungaba luphawu lokusilela kwentliziyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile kumadoda: Abanye abantu banokuba nezi meko.
• Ukutyheli kolusu kunye namhlophe emehlweni (i-Jaundice): Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'jaundice'. Isenokuba yingxaki yesibindi.
• Ukudinwa okanye ukuziva utyhafile: Oku kungaba luphawu loxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
• Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho iyabetha ngamandla: Usenokuziva ngathi isifuba sakho sibetha ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba uqhubeka nokuba nenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze athethe ngazo. Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zezinye iimeko, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba une-carcinoid syndrome.

Kutheni le nto le carcinoid syndrome isenzeka?

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, i-carcinoid syndrome yenzeka ukuba unee-neuroendocrine tumors (ii-NET). Ezi NETs zii-tumors ezikhula kwiiseli ezikhethekileyo kwinkqubo yakho ye-neuroendocrine. Ezi seli zivelisa kwaye zikhuphe iihomoni emzimbeni.

Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi NET zinokukhula kwiindawo ezifana nendlela yakho yokugaya ukutya, imiphunga, kunye nepancreas. Nangona kunjalo, i-carcinoid syndrome idla ngokubangelwa yi-NETs kwindlela yokugaya ukutya okanye imiphunga ngequbuliso ikhupha iihomoni ezininzi (ingakumbi i-serotonin) egazini.

Cinga nje ngempompo evula amanzi kancinci kancinci, ezi seli zihlala zikhupha iihomoni ngobuninzi obuncinci. Kodwa xa i-NET isenzeka, kuba ngathi umpompo uvuleka ngequbuliso, kwaye iihomoni ezininzi ziphuma ngaxeshanye. Kulapho ke kuvela khona iimpawu zesi sifo.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo se-carcinoid?

Eyona nto iphambili ebangela oku kukuba ne -neuroendocrine tumor (NET) kwindlela yakho yokugaya ukutya okanye imiphunga . Ngamanye amazwi, i-carcinoid syndrome ayiqhelekanga ukuba ivele ngaphandle kwe-NET.

Oko kuthetha ukuba, ukuba ufunyaniswe une-NETs, ​​kufuneka ukhathazeke ngesi sifo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakhe obene-NETs, ​​oko kunokuba ngumngcipheko ngandlela ithile, kodwa kunqabile kakhulu.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho zeCarcinoid Syndrome?

I-carcinoid syndrome ayisiyonto nje yeempawu, inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezininzi ezinzulu. Enye yezi meko yi- 'carcinoid crisis' enokuba yingozi ebomini endikhankanyileyo ngaphambili.

Makhe sijonge ezinye iingxaki ezimbalwa:

• Isifo sentliziyo seCarcinoid:Oku nako kunqabile, kodwa kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Iihomoni ezikhutshwa yi-NETs zichaphazela ulwelo lwamagumbi entliziyo yakho, iivalvu, kunye nemithambo yegazi. Oku kunokukhokelela nasekungasebenzini kwentliziyo.
• I-Mesenteric fibrosis: I-NETs inokubangela ukudumba kunye nokuqhekeka kwe-mesentery, izicubu ezidibanisa amathumbu akho nodonga lwesisu sakho. Oku kunokuphazamisana nokusebenza kwamathumbu.
• Uxinzelelo: I-Carcinoid syndrome inokuchaphazela amandla omzimba wakho okusebenzisa i-amino acid ebalulekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-tryptophan. I-Tryptophan inceda ekwenzeni i-serotonin. I-Serotonin yikhemikhali yobuchopho elawula izinto ezifana neemvakalelo zethu, ukuziphatha, kunye nokulala. Ngoko ke amanqanaba aphantsi e-serotonin anokubangela uxinezeleko.

Imeko eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi-carcinoid crisis

Ingxaki yeCarcinoid yingxaki engaqhelekanga kodwa enokuba yingozi ebomini . Inokwenzeka ngenxa yotyando, ezinye iinkqubo zonyango, okanye ukwenzakala ngenxa yengozi.

Iimpawu zoku zezi:

• Utshintsho olukhulu kuxinzelelo lwegazi: Uxinzelelo lwegazi lunokwehla ngequbuliso kakhulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi kakhulu) okanye lunyuke kakhulu.
• Ukurhawuzelela okukhulu: Umzimba wonke ujika ube bomvu ngequbuliso kwaye usenokuziva ushushu.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea): Ukuphelelwa ngumoya kakhulu kunokwenzeka.
• Ukudideka: Usenokuziva ngathi ingqondo yakho iyaphazamiseka.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntu one-carcinoid syndrome okanye i-neuroendocrine tumor (NET) aphathe ikhadi elichaza imeko yakhe. Oku kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ukuba ufuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Kwakhona, ukuba uza kwenziwa utyando, kubalulekile ukuxelela oogqirha bakho ngale meko. Banokukunika amayeza ngaphambi nangexesha lotyando ukunciphisa umngcipheko 'wengxaki ye-carcinoid'.

Ifunyanwa njani iCarcinoid Syndrome?

Oogqirha basebenzisa iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuxilonga le meko. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Uvavanyo lomchamo: Oku kujonga amanqanaba eehomoni ezithile kumchamo wakho, ingakumbi imveliso ye-serotonin ebizwa ngokuba yi -5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid) .
• Uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nembali yezonyango: Iimpawu ze-carcinoid syndrome zinokufana nezezinye izifo ezingengobungozi kangako, ngoko ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngokweenkcukacha malunga neempawu zakho, ukuba zikho ixesha elingakanani, kunye nokuba ziya zisiba mandundu na.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi:Ezi zijonga amanqanaba ezinto ezikhutshwa egazini ezivela kwizitho zakho zomzimba kunye nezicubu. Ukuba amanqanaba ezinto ezithile anyuka okanye ehla ngequbuliso, oko kungaba luphawu lwesifo. Umzekelo, bajonga uphawu olubizwa ngokuba yiChromogranin A.
• Iskeni yeNeuroendocrine Positron Emission Tomography (PET): Esi siskeni esikhethekileyo esisebenzisa idayi ebizwa ngokuba yi -gallium 68 dotatate ukufumana indawo yee-neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).
• I-CT scan: I-CT scan isebenzisa i-X-reyi kunye nekhompyutha ukwenza imifanekiso ye-three-dimensional (3D) yezitho zakho kunye namathambo. Oku kunokunceda ekumiseleni indawo kunye nobukhulu bamaqhuqhuva.
• I-ultrasound scan: Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza imifanekiso yamalungu omzimba.
• I-MRI scan (iMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI): Le MRI isebenzisa imagnethi enkulu, amaza erediyo, kunye nekhompyutha ukuvelisa imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lomzimba.
• I-Endoscopy: Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha ufaka ityhubhu ende, ebhityileyo enekhamera kunye nokukhanya emzimbeni wakho ukuze ayihlole. Umzekelo, le nkqubo ingasetyenziselwa ukuhlola isisu okanye amathumbu.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lweCarcinoid Syndrome?

Isifo seCarcinoid sibangelwa zizilonda ze-neuroendocrine (ii-NET). Ngoko ke, xa ezo zilonda zinyangwa, nesi sifo siyanyangwa.

Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zonyango:

• Utyando: Iithumba ze-neuroendocrine zingasuswa ngokupheleleyo okanye zincitshiswe ngobukhulu. Uhlobo lotyando luxhomekeke kwindawo kunye nobukhulu bethumba.
• Ii-Somatostatin analogues: Ezi luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwamayeza. La mayeza anokuthintela umzimba wakho ekwenzeni iihomoni ezininzi. Anokunceda ekulawuleni ukukhula kweethumba xa iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba (i-metastasis). Imizekelo ibandakanya amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi -Octreotide kunye ne-Lanreotide .
• Unyango olujoliswe ekujoliswe kulo: Le yindlela ekhethekileyo yonyango esetyenziselwa ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. Kule ndlela, amayeza anikwa ukujolisa kwiijini ezithile okanye iiproteni kwiiseli zomhlaza.
• I-Chemotherapy: Le khemikhali isebenzisa amayeza ukubulala iiseli zomhlaza. I-Chemotherapy ayisebenzi ngendlela efanayo kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-NETs.
• Ukufakelwa kwegazi: Kule ndlela, umthambo wegazi ohambisa igazi kwithumba uyavalwa, nto leyo etshabalalisa ithumba. Olu lunyango olusetyenziswa ngokukodwa kwi-NETs esibindini.

Ngaba iCarcinoid Syndrome ingathintelwa?

Ngokwenene,Akukho ndlela yokuthintela i-carcinoid syndrome kuba inxulunyaniswa nee-neuroendocrine tumors (ii-NET). Ekubeni kungekho ndlela eyaziwayo yokuthintela uphuhliso lwee-NETs, ​​akukho ndlela yokuthintela iimpawu ezibangelwa zizo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uyazi ukuba une-NET, ukuqaphela iimpawu ze-carcinoid syndrome kwangethuba nokuqala unyango kunokunciphisa umngcipheko weengxaki.

Ndizinyamekela njani? / Ndizilawula njani iimpawu?

Ukuba une-carcinoid syndrome, usenokuba ne-neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Ngoko ke, ukuba uneempawu ze-carcinoid syndrome, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Banokuvavanya imeko yakho baze bakucebise ukuba wenze uvavanyo olufunekayo ukuze babone ukuba unayo i-NET.

Iimpawu ezintathu eziphambili ze-carcinoid syndrome kukurhawuzelela, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye norhudo. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa onokuzenza ukunceda ukulawula ezi zinto:

• Ukufutha: Le yindlela inkqubo yakho yemithambo-luvo esabela ngayo kuxinzelelo lomzimba okanye lwengqondo. Ukunciphisa oku, phefumla nzulu, sula ubuso nesifuba sakho ngelaphu elimanzi, okanye ufumane umoya omtsha ngaphandle. Ukuphepha utywala nako kunokunceda.
• Ukuphefumla: Ukuba uphelelwa ngumoya, zama ukusela iti yemifuno okanye usebenzise i-inhaler okanye i-vaporizer . Ukuba uyatshaya, zama ukuyeka. Ukutshaya kunokuyitshisa ngakumbi indlela yakho yomoya.
• Urhudo: Ukuba urhudo luyingxaki kuwe, thetha nogqirha wakho ngeendlela zokunciphisa ukwenzeka kwalo rhoqo kunye nobunzima balo. Kukho amayeza akhethekileyo enzelwe ukulawula urhudo olubangelwa yi-carcinoid syndrome. Kwakhona, ukutya okunamafutha, okuneziqholo, kunye nokutya kobisi kunokwenza le meko ibe mandundu kwabanye abantu. Ngoko ke lumka ngento oyityayo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? / Ndifanele ndiye nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Ukuba iimpawu zakho ze-carcinoid syndrome ziya zisiba mandundu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Ukuba unyangwa i-NET, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olutsha emzimbeni wakho olunokuvakala ngathi ziimpawu ze-NET. Olu tshintsho lusenokungahambelani nokuxilongwa kwakho yi-NET, kodwa eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Kwakhona, ukuba iimpawu zakho okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lwakho ziya zisiba mandundu, xelela ugqirha wakho.

Ixesha lokuya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU)

Ukuba i-carcinoid syndrome ayinyangwa, iimpawu zingaba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha zize zibe yimeko esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-'carcinoid crisis'. Ngoko ke, yiya kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza ukuba unayo:

• Ukuba uneentlungu zesifuba okanye isifuba sakho sibuhlungu.
• Ukuba unesifo sohudo esinzima kangangeentsuku ezininzi.
• Ukuba uneentlungu zesisu eziqatha.
• Ukuba uziva utyhafile.
• Ukuba urhawuzelelwa bubuso, intamo, nesifuba ngequbuliso (ukurhawuzelelwa bubushushu).

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

I-Carcinoid syndrome inokuba luphawu lokuba unesifo se-neuroendocrine (NET). Ngoko ke ukuba unemibuzo malunga ne-carcinoid syndrome, unokuba nemibuzo emininzi malunga ne-NETs. Nazi ezinye zemibuzo onokuzibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Ukuba ndinesifo se-carcinoid syndrome, ndingazi njani ukuba ndinesimila se-neuroendocrine?
• Ukuba ndinethumba, lihlala phi emzimbeni wam?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwethumba lam?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?
• Ngaba ithumba le-neuroendocrine elibangele i-carcinoid syndrome yam linganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?
• Ngaba i-carcinoid syndrome ingabuya emva kokuba i-neuroendocrine tumor yam inyangiwe?

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

I-Carcinoid Syndrome yimeko engaqhelekanga enokwenzeka kumntu onesifo se-neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Rhoqo, abantu abane-carcinoid syndrome sele besazi ukuba bane-NET. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu baqala ukufunda ukuba bane-NET emva kokuba befunyaniswe bene-carcinoid syndrome.

Eyona nto ingcono kukuba ii-NET ziyanyangeka. Ukwazi ukuba une-carcinoid syndrome linyathelo lokuqala lokufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza na, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, indlela yokuwunyanga. Ngoko ke, ukuba ufunyaniswe une-carcinoid syndrome, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ubuze ukuba zeziphi amanyathelo alandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuba une-NETs. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumanisa ukuba unesifo kwaye unyangwe kwangethuba.

Khumbula, awuwedwa. Kwimeko efana nale, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela icebiso lezonyango kwaye ucele inkxaso kusapho lwakho.

Isifo seCarcinoid, ii-neuroendocrine tumors, ii-NETs, ​​i-serotonin, iimpawu, umhlaza, iihomoni