Sonke sikhe seva "ngesifo sentliziyo." Ngamanye amaxesha siva kusithiwa, "Owu, bendiphilile, ndaza ngequbuliso ndahlaselwa yintliziyo ndaza ndafa." Xa sisiva amabali anje, siziva sisoyika kancinci. Kodwa esi "sifo sentliziyo" asisosifo esinye nje kuphela. Siyingqokelela yezifo ezichaphazela intliziyo yethu kunye nenkqubo yemithambo yegazi ethwala igazi emzimbeni wonke. Kwizonyango, zonke ezi zifo sizibiza ngokuba sisifo sentliziyo . Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nto kanye, kuba kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda le nto.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo sentliziyo?
Khawuthelekelele umzimba wakho njengesixeko. Intliziyo yimpompo yamanzi ephambili yesixeko. Imithambo yegazi ifana nemibhobho ethwala amanzi esuka kwimpompo yamanzi ukuya kwindlu nganye esixekweni. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho into engahambi kakuhle kule mpompo okanye kwimibhobho yamanzi, isixeko sonke siya kulahlekelwa ngamanzi, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto kunjalo.
Isifo sentliziyo yiyo nayiphi na imeko echaphazela intliziyo yethu (ipompo) okanye imithambo yegazi yethu (inkqubo yemithambo yegazi). Kukho izinto ezininzi eziphambili ezinokwenzeka:
- Ukuncitshiswa kwemithambo yegazi entliziyweni okanye kwamanye amalungu omzimba: njengothuli oluvala umbhobho wamanzi.
- Iingxaki zentliziyo okanye zemithambo yegazi ezizalwa nazo: Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubakho ubuthathaka kule nkqubo xa umntwana ezalwa.
- Iivalvu Zentliziyo Azisebenzi Ngokufanelekileyo: Kukho iindawo ezifana nomnyango ngaphakathi entliziyweni ezinceda igazi ukuba lihambe kwicala elinye kuphela. Ukuba azivali okanye azivuleki ngokufanelekileyo, iingxaki zinokubakho.
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo: Naluphi na utshintsho kwisingqisho sentliziyo, njengokubetha ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, okanye ngaphandle kwesingqisho.
Abanye abantu babonisa iimpawu xa benezi zifo. Kodwa abanye abantu banokuhlakulela esi sifo ngaphakathi ngaphandle kweempawu. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba sonke sikuqaphele oku.
Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi zifo?
Inyaniso kukuba, oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kunokuba unokucinga. Izifo zentliziyo zezona ziphambili ezibangela ukufa eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, akulunganga ukucinga ukuba esi sisifo esichaphazela abantu abadala kuphela. Nabani na waluphi na ubudala, nokuba ungowasiphi na isini, unokufumana ezi meko. Abafazi ngokukodwa basengozini enkulu yokufa ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo.
Ndingazazi njani ukuba ndinesi sifo? Zithini iimpawu?
Le yingxaki enabantu abaninzi. Indlela ezibonakala ngayo iimpawu inokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu ezenzeka kubantu abadala nakubafazi zinokuba zingaqondakali kancinci. Kodwa akulunganga ukuzityeshela ezi mpawu.
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu eziphambili kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Iimpawu ezinxulumene nentliziyo | Iimpawu zokuvaleka kweminye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni |
|---|---|
| Intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki esifubeni (i-Angina): Ukuziva uxinene, ubunzima, okanye ukuqina esifubeni. | Ukuqaqamba emilenzeni, ingakumbi xa uhamba. |
| Ukuphelelwa ngamandla: Ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo , ukudinwa, nokuba uhamba umgama omfutshane okanye unyuka izinyuko. | Amanxeba angapholiyo emilenzeni. |
| Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka: Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso. | Ulusu olubandayo okanye olubomvu emilenzeni. |
| Ukudinwa kakhulu: Ukudinwa kakhulu nangona ungenzanga nto. | Ukudumba kwemilenze. |
| Ubungqindilili ebusweni okanye engalweni/emlenzeni (ngokuqhelekileyo kwicala elinye lomzimba). | |
| Ubunzima bokuthetha, ukubona, okanye ukuhamba (ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zestroke). |
Zeziphi ezinye izifo eziphambili ezikudidi lwezifo zentliziyo?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, le yingqokelela yezifo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zezifo esithetha ngazo.
- I-Arrhythmia: Le yintliziyo engaqhelekanga okanye isingqisho esibangelwa sisiphene kwinkqubo yombane yentliziyo.
- Isifo seValve: Iivalve zentliziyo ezingavuli kakuhle okanye ezingavali kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba igazi livuza ngasemva.
- Isifo seMitha yeCoronary: I-cholesterol nezinye izinto ziyaqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi (imithambo ye-coronary) ezihambisa igazi entliziyweni, ziyithintele. Le yeyona nto ibangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, njengoko sonke sisazi.
- Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Oku akuthethi ukuba intliziyo iyekile ukusebenza. Yimeko apho intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni. Oku kunokubangela ulwelo oluqokelelene emiphungeni nasemilenzeni.
- Isifo seMitha yePheripheral: Ukuncitshiswa okanye ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwiingalo, emilenzeni, okanye esiswini.
- Isifo se-Aortic: Iingxaki ze-aorta, umthambo wegazi oyintloko othwala igazi ukusuka entliziyweni ukuya kwingqondo nakwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Umzekelo, i-aneurysm.
- Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso: Iziphene zentliziyo ezibakho xa umntu ezalwa.
- Isifo sePericardial: Iingxaki zenwebu ebhityileyo ejikeleze intliziyo. Umzekelo, iyavuvukala (pericarditis).
- Isifo semithambo yegazi: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi engqondweni. Unobangela omkhulu westroke.
- I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): Ihlwili legazi kwimithambo engaphakathi emzimbeni (ingakumbi emilenzeni).
Kutheni sifumana ezi zifo? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Akukho sizathu sinye sesifo sentliziyo. Izizathu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Umzekelo, imbangela ephambili ye-'Coronary Artery Disease' kunye ne-'Peripheral Artery Disease' kukubekwa kwamafutha anjenge-cholesterol eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi (i-Atherosclerosis).
Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezibangela umngcipheko ezibangela ukuba kubekho ezi zifo zichongiwe ngokucacileyo. Ezinye zezi zinto sinokuzilawula. Ezinye asinakuzilawula.
| Into Engumngcipheko | Ithetha ukuba... |
|---|---|
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu) | Sonke sithetha ngokwanda 'koxinzelelo'. Ukuba oku akulawulwa, kuya konakalisa intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi. |
| I-cholesterol ephezulu (i-Hyperlipidemia) | Amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol 'embi' egazini. Ezi zezona zinto ziqokelelana kwimithambo yegazi. |
| Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba | Oku kuquka ukutshaya, ukutshaya icuba, kunye nokuhlafuna icuba. Oku konakalisa ngokuthe ngqo imithambo yegazi. |
| Isifo Seswekile (Uhlobo Lwesibini Lwesifo Seswekile) | Amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini abangela umonakalo kwimithambo yegazi ngokuhamba kwexesha. |
| Imbali yosapho | Ukuba omnye wezalamane zakho ezisondeleyo (abazali, abantakwenu noodadewabo) ukhe waba nesifo sentliziyo esemncinci, nawe usengozini enkulu. |
| Ukungabikho komsebenzi womzimba | Ukuhlala kwindawo enye ngaphandle kokuzilolonga. |
| Ukutyeba kakhulu okanye ukutyeba kakhulu | Ubunzima bomzimba obugqithisileyo xa kuthelekiswa nobude. |
| Ukutya okungenampilo | Ukutya ukutya okunetyuwa eninzi, iswekile, kunye neoyile (ingakumbi amafutha agcweleyo). |
| Ukusetyenziswa kotywala ngokugqithisileyo | Ukusela utywala kakhulu. |
Ugqirha uluchonga njani ngokuchanekileyo olu sifo?
Ukuba uneempawu okanye izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko, ugqirha wakho uza kuqala akubuze umbuzo. Uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, imbali yosapho lwakho, kunye nendlela ophila ngayo. Emva koko baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba.
Ukongeza, kunokwenziwa iimvavanyo ezahlukeneyo ukuqinisekisa ngokuchanekileyo isifo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Umsebenzi wegazi unokulinganisa i-cholesterol, amanqanaba eswekile, kunye neeproteni ezikhethekileyo ezibonisa impilo yentliziyo.
- I-Ankle Brachial Index (ABI): Uvavanyo olulula oluthelekisa uxinzelelo lwegazi emilenzeni nasezingalweni ukujonga ukuvaleka kwemithambo emilenzeni.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Irekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo, ikuvumela ukuba ubone izinto ezifana nesingqisho sentliziyo yakho kunye neempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Oku kusebenzisa amaza esandi ukwenza umfanekiso wentliziyo ofana nevidiyo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo amagumbi entliziyo, iivalvu, kunye nendlela epompa ngayo igazi.
- I-Ultrasound Scan: Amaza esandi angasetyenziselwa ukubona ukuhamba kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi emilenzeni nasentanyeni.
- I-Cardiac CT kunye ne-MRI Scan: Ezi zinokuvelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo kakhulu ye-three-dimensional (3D) yentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi.
- Uvavanyo loxinzelelo (i-EKG yokuzilolonga): I-EKG ithathwa xa uhamba okanye ubaleka kwi-treadmill. Oku kungabona ukuba igazi lentliziyo yakho liyancipha na ngexesha lokuzilolonga.
- I-Cardiac Catheterization (i-Angiogram): Ityhubhu encinci kakhulu idluliselwa ngemithambo engalweni okanye emlenzeni iye kwimithambo yentliziyo, kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo, kwaye ii-X-ray zingasetyenziswa ukubona ngqo apho imithambo ivalekileyo khona.
Wenza ntoni njengonyango?
Indlela yonyango ixhomekeke kwimeko yakho kunye nobunzima bayo. Nangona kunjalo, unyango lunokwahlulwa lube ziinxalenye eziphambili ezininzi.
1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Le sisiseko sonyango.
- Ukutya okunempilo: Yitya ityuwa encinci, iswekile, neoyile, kodwa yitya imifuno emininzi, iziqhamo, imifuno, nokutya okutyebileyo kwi-fiber.
- Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Zilolonge ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, uninzi lweentsuku zeveki.
- Ukuzikhwebula ngokupheleleyo ekutshayeni: Kubalulekile ukuzikhwebula kuzo zonke iimveliso zecuba, kuquka nokutshaya nge-vape.
2. Amayeza
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza ahlukeneyo okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-cholesterol, isifo seswekile, ukuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi, kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha la mayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuxelela.
3. Iinkqubo okanye Utyando
Oku kunokuba yimfuneko kwiimeko apho amayeza ewodwa engenakukwazi ukulawula imeko.
- Ukubeka i-stenting: Ukubeka ityhubhu encinci efana ne-mesh ngaphakathi komthambo ovalekileyo ukuze uyivule kwakhona.
- Utyando lwe-Bypass:Ukudlula umthambo ovalekileyo, kudala indlela entsha kusetyenziswa isiqwenga somthambo esithathwe kwenye inxalenye yomzimba.
- Ukukhupha: 'Ukunyibilika' nokutshabalalisa iindawo entliziyweni ezithumela imiqondiso yombane engalunganga ebangela ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga.
4. Ukuvuselelwa kwentliziyo
Le yinkqubo yokuzilolonga elawulwa ngugqirha kunye nengcebiso enokunceda ukuqinisa intliziyo.
Kunini apho kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza okanye uye kwi-ETU?
Kukho iimpawu ezithile ekufuneka ungazithathi ngqalelo . Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye isifo sohlangothi. Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo elikufutshane (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Intlungu yesifuba ngequbuliso, ukuqina, ubunzima, okanye ukungakhululeki (ingakumbi xa udiniwe)
- Ukuquleka ngequbuliso (i-syncope) okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo.
- Ukuphelelwa ngumphefumlo kakhulu (ingakumbi ukuba kutsha okanye kuya kusiba mandundu)
- Intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki kwiingalo/emilenzeni.
- Intlungu ebuhlungu emqolo, ngokungathi iyakrazula.
Musa ukuzityeshela ezi mpawu. Unyango olukhawulezileyo lunokusindisa ubomi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sentliziyo asisosifo esinye, kodwa yingqokelela yezifo ezichaphazela intliziyo nemithambo yegazi.
- Hlala uqaphela iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, kunye nokuquleka.
- Kubalulekile ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-cholesterol, kunye nesifo seswekile sakho siphantsi kolawulo. Ukuze wenze oku, jongana nogqirha rhoqo.
- Yeka ukutshaya nokusela utywala ngokungeyomfuneko ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu kwintliziyo yakho.
- Yenza ukutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga imihla ngemihla kube yinxalenye yobomi bakho.
- Sebenzisa amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha ewayalele, ngexesha alithethayo.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezinzulu, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele.
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