Ingaba umbono wakho uya ufiphala kancinci? Masithethe ngee-cataracts!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi ujonga ihlabathi ngefestile engcolileyo? Okanye uziva ngathi amehlo akho ayajika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa uqhuba ebusuku? Mhlawumbi udinga ukukhanya okungakumbi ukuze ufunde iphephandaba. Ezi ayizozinto nje ezingaqhelekanga, usenokungazi nokuba unee -cataract emehlweni akho. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje.

Ngamafutshane, zithini ii-cataracts?

Ngamafutshane, i-cataract yifilimu encinci, okanye ubufu, obenzeka kwilensi engaphakathi kweliso lakho. Ilensi yakho idla ngokuba cacileyo kwaye iguquguquka. Yenziwe ikakhulu ziiproteni , ngakumbi iiproteni ezibizwa ngokuba ziikristale . Njengoko sikhula, ezi proteni ziyaqhekeka kwaye zenze oko sikubiza ngokuba ngamafu, amabala amhlophe kwilensi. Yiloo nto ichaphazela ngqo umbono wakho.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, le meko inokuba mandundu kwaye umbono wakho unokuba mandundu nangakumbi. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukwenza nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla elula. Oogqirha bathi i-cataracts phantse ayinakuphepheka xa ukhula. Yiyo loo nto i-cataracts enxulumene nokuguga iyeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yesi sifo.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki! Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ulinde ukuba umbono wakho uphele kancinci kancinci. Iingcali zamehlo zinokwenza utyando lokususa la mabala e-cataracts nokubuyisela umbono wakho.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cataracts?

Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cataracts. Kodwa kweli nqaku, siza kuthetha kakhulu nge-cataracts ezenzeka ngokwaluphala. Masiphinde sihlolisise ezinye iintlobo ngokufutshane:

• Iingxaki ze-cataract zabantwana: Ezi zenzeka kwiintsana ezincinci nakubantwana. Ezinye iintsana zinokuzalwa zinezi ngxaki ngokuzalwa , okanye zinokukhula emva nje kokuzalwa. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi zizinto ezizuzwa njengelifa. Kodwa zinokubangelwa kukwenzakala kwamehlo okanye ezinye izifo zamehlo. Ukuba le meko iyenzeka kwiintsana ezincinci nakubantwana, kufuneka inyangwe ngoko nangoko. Ngaphandle koko, iingxaki ezifana ne -amblyopia , okanye 'iliso elivilaphayo', zinokwenzeka.
• Iikhathalogu ezibangela ukwenzeka kwengxaki: Ezi ngxaki zenzeka xa iliso lakho lithe labethwa yinto ethile. Ukunyanga ezi ngxaki kunzima kakhulu kuba nezinye iindawo zeliso zisenokonakala.
• Ii-cataracts zesibini: Ezi ziingqimba zelensi, kungekhona ilensi ngokwayo, kodwa yi-capsule yelensi , i-membrane egubungela ilensi. Elinye igama lale nto yi -posterior capsular opacification . Le yimeko eqhelekileyo enokwenzeka emva kotyando lwe-cataract, kodwa inyangwa lula.

Ziziphi iintlobo zeengxaki eziza nokwaluphala?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-cataracts ezikhula ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Zithiywa ngokwendawo ezikuyo kwilensi. Ukuze uqonde oku, kuyanceda ukuba nombono omncinci we-Aufbau yelensi yakho.

Khawuthelekelele ilensi yakho yokunxibelelana ifana neapile:

• I-Nucleus: Le ikwimbindi welensi, njengentliziyo yeapile.
• I-Cortex: Le yingqimba ejikeleze umongo. Ifana nomngxuma weapile esiwutyayo.
• Ikhaphu yelensi: Le yinwebu ebhityileyo egquma i-cornea. Ayiyonxalenye yelensi ngokwayo, kodwa isebenza njengolusu olukhuselayo olujikeleze iliso, lugquma kwaye lukhusela ilensi. Ifana nolusu lweapile.

Oogqirha bamehlo bahlulahlula i-cataracts ngokusekwe kwindawo eziyiyo kwilensi. Rhoqo, abantu banokuba neentlobo ezingaphezu kwesinye ngexesha elinye. Oku kungenxa yokuba kuqhelekile ukuba la mabala amnyama akheke kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo kwilensi. Ezona ntlobo zintathu zixhaphakileyo ze-cataracts ezenzeka njengoko sikhula zezi:

• I-Nuclear sclerotic cataract: Oku kukhula embindini (nucleus) welensi.
• I-cortical cataract: Oku kuvela kwi-cortex.
• I-Posterior subcapsular cataract: Le yenzeka ngasemva kwelensi . Igama elithi "Posterior" apha lithetha "ngasemva" kwelensi. Oko kukuthi, inxalenye ekufutshane ne -retina yakho (engasemva kwelensi). Igama elithi "Subcapsular" lithetha ukuba le cataract yenzeka kumda ongaphandle welensi, ngaphantsi nje kwekhaphu lensi.

I-cataracts iqala ukubonakala xa ineminyaka emingaphi?

Ngokwesiqhelo, iiproteni ezikwilensi yeliso lakho ziqala ukubola xa uneminyaka engama-40 ubudala. Kodwa usenokungaziboni iimpawu de ube neminyaka engama-60 okanye emva koko. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unezifo ezithile, ezifana nesifo seswekile , usenokuba nazo iimpawu kwangethuba.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Iikhatharakthi zixhaphake kakhulu eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela. Ngokutsho kweWorld Health Organisation, malunga ne-17% yabemi behlabathi banekhatharakthi echaphazela umbono wabo. Nangona kunjalo, eli nani liyahluka ukusuka kwilizwe ukuya kwelinye kunye nengingqi ukuya kwelinye. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kumazwe anengeniso ephakathi kunye nalawo anengeniso ephantsi. Oku kungenxa yokuba abo bantu baneempawu ezininzi zomngcipheko kunye neendawo ezimbalwa zonyango lwekhatharakthi.

EMelika, umntu omnye kwabahlanu abaneminyaka engama-65 ukuya kwengama-74 ubudala une-cataracts echaphazela umbono wakhe. Abantu abangaphezu kwama-50% abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-80 ubudala bane-cataracts okanye baye batyandwa ukuze basuswe.

Zithini iimpawu ze-cataracts?

Ukuba une-cataracts, unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Umbono obonakala unamafu, uluzizi, okanye unenkungu .
• Utshintsho kwindlela imibala ebonakala ngayo (imibala ingabonakala iphelile okanye ibonakale ikhanya kancinci).
• QazileyoAmehlo ayaba novelwano elangeni, kwizibane zeemoto nakwizibane zezibane.
• Amehlo ajika abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa ejonge ukukhanya, ebona ii-halos ezijikeleze izibane, kwaye ebona imicu.
• Ukubonakala okunciphileyo ebusuku .
• Utshintsho kunyango lwakho lweglasi yamehlo, ingakumbi ukwehla kokubona kude kunye nokwanda kokubona kufutshane .
• Ndidinga ukukhanya okungakumbi ukuze ndifunde.
• Umbono ophindwe kabini .

Ngaba i-cataract ibangela iintlungu?

Ii-cataract azisoloko zibuhlungu, kodwa unokufumana ukungakhululeki njengoko amehlo akho eba buthathaka ngakumbi.

Kutheni kuvela i-cataracts?

Eyona nto ibangela i-cataracts kukuwohloka kancinci kancinci kweeproteni kwilensi yeliso. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye izinto zemfuza kunye nemeko-bume zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-cataracts xa usemncinci okanye xa usemncinci kunezinye.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokukhula kwe-cataracts?

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba ne-cataract zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili: ezingqongileyo, ezonyango, kunye nezemfuza.

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko kwindalo esingqongileyo

Ezi zizinto odibana nazo kwindawo ekungqongileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba yityhefu ophefumla ngayo uze uyitye. Izinto ezikwimeko-bume ziyingozi kuba zonyusa inani lee -free radicals emzimbeni wakho, ezingamasuntswana angaguqukiyo awonakalisa iiseli ezisempilweni. Ezi free radicals zingonakalisa iiseli kwilensi yeliso lakho, zibangele i-cataracts.

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko kwindalo esingqongileyo zezi:

• Ukumoshwa komoya.
• Umsi wecuba .
• Utywala.
• Iikhemikhali ezikhutshwa kwiifektri.
• Izinambuzane ezibulala izinambuzane.
• Ukuvezwa ixesha elide kwimitha ye-ultraviolet (ukukhanya kwe-UV) evela elangeni.
• Ukuba ukhe wanyangwa ngemisebe kwinxalenye engentla yomzimba wakho.

Ukunciphisa ezi ngxaki zokusingqongileyo kunokunceda ekulibaziseni ukuphuhliswa kwe-cataracts. Abaphandi basaphanda ukuba ezi ndlela zokuthintela zisebenza kangakanani.

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wezonyango

Izinto zonyango ezonyusa umngcipheko wokufumana i-cataracts zezi:

• Isifo seswekile okanye amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini.
• Emva kokwenza utyando oluthile lwamehlo, olufana neglaucoma.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwee -corticosteroids njengonyango lweemeko ezithile (umz. i-rheumatoid arthritis).
• Ukuba nezifo ezithile zamehlo, ezifana neRetina pigmentosa okanye i-Uveitis .

Izinto ezibangela umngcipheko kwi-genetic

Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho one-cataracts, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nazo. Ezinye iinguqu zemfuza zinokubangela i-cataracts yokuzalwa. Kwii-cataracts ezinxulumene nobudala, iinguqu zemfuza zinokwenza ilensi yakho ibe sesichengeni ngakumbi kwimingcipheko yokusingqongileyo. Abaphandi bayaqhubeka nokuphanda ezi khonkco.

Ngoko ke, nangona ungenakukwazi ukutshintsha umngcipheko wakho wemfuza, kubalulekile ukwazi imbali yezonyango yosapho lwakho kwaye wabelane ngayo nogqirha wakho.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-cataracts?

Iingcali zamehlo kunye neengcali zamehlo zixilonga i-cataracts ngovavanyo lwamehlo olupheleleyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kuhlola amehlo akho ngononophelo ukuze abone ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu ze-cataracts kunye nokuba zinzima kangakanani. Baza kubuza nangombono wakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye nokuba umbono wakho awusasebenzi kakuhle njengoko wawunjalo ngaphambili, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.

Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-cataracts zezi:

• Uvavanyo lwesibane esiqhekekileyo.
• Uvavanyo lobuchule bokubona.

Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango lwe-cataracts?

Utyando lwe-cataract yeyona ndlela yokususa i-cataract nokubuyisela umbono wakho ocacileyo. Ngexesha lotyando lwe-cataract, ingcali yamehlo isusa ilensi yakho yendalo enamafu ize iyitshintshe ngelensi yokwenziwa (i-intraocular lens - IOL) . I-IOL yilensi yokwenziwa efakwe ngokusisigxina ngaphakathi kweliso lakho. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-IOL, kwaye ugqirha wakho unokuthetha nawe ngazo.

Eyona nzuzo iphambili ye-IOL kukuba icacile njengelensi yakho yendalo. Enye inzuzo kukuba ingalungisa iimpazamo zokuhombisa , ezinye zezizathu zokunxiba iiglasi. Oku kuthetha ukuba unganciphisa imfuneko yeeglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano emva kotyando.

Ngaba utyando lwe-cataract luyingozi?

Utyando lwe-cataract lolunye lotyando olukhuselekileyo noluqhelekileyo olwenziwayo ehlabathini. Uninzi lwabantu alufumani ngxaki zinzima. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela zonke iingozi ezinokubakho, ezinje ngokuqhekeka kwe-retina kunye nosulelo.

Izifo ezithile zamehlo okanye ezinye iimeko zempilo ezifihlakeleyo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho weengxaki. Ke ngoko, kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nomngcipheko wakho ngaphambi kotyando. Kwakhona, buza ukuba naziphi na iingxaki ezinokubakho ziya kunyangwa njani.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphola emva kotyando?

Usenokuziva iintlungu kunye nokungakhululeki emva kotyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika amayeza okuthomalalisa iintlungu oza kuwasela ngosuku lokuqala okanye ezimbini.

Kuthatha malunga neeveki ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo, kodwa uza kuqala ukubona utshintsho embonweni wakho kwangethuba. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela ukuba kukhuselekile nini ukuqalisa imisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-cataracts?

Ugqirha wamehlo okanye ugqirha wamehlo angakuxelela kakuhle ngemeko yakho. Baza kuhlola amehlo akho baze bahlole ubukhali bawo nawuphi na umba we-cataracts onawo.

Kwinqanaba lokuqala, usenokungadingi utyando. Utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho lunokuba luncinci. Kodwa njengoko i-cataracts ikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha, inokubangela iimpawu ezicacileyo. Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziqala ukuphazamisa ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando ukuze akuncede uqhubeke nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo ngokukhuselekileyo.

Ngaba ii-cataracts zingathintelwa?

Ii-cataracts ziyinxalenye eqhelekileyo yokwaluphala. Nangona kunjalo, zimbalwa izinto onokuzenza ukukhusela impilo yamehlo akho kwaye mhlawumbi ukulibazisa inkqubo kancinci:

• Musa ukutshaya. Umsi wecuba unyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-cataracts. Ukuba ngoku utshaya, cela ugqirha wakho akuncede uyeke.
• Khusela amehlo akho elangeni. Nxiba iiglasi zelanga okanye iiglasi zeglasi ezine-anti-UV coating. Ukunxiba umnqwazi onomgca ongaphezulu nako kuyanceda.
• Fumana uhlolo lwamehlo rhoqo. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka ufike kangaphi kwiimviwo. Ungaphoswa ziintsuku zakho zovavanyo, kwaye mxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba uneempawu ezintsha okanye ezitshintshayo.

Yintoni anokuyenza umntu one-cataracts ukuze azinyamekele?

Ukuba une-cataracts, zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzinyamekele. Nazi ezinye zazo:

• Nxiba iiglasi zelanga ezinombala oqaqambileyo ukuze unciphise ukukhanya kwelanga elikhanyayo.
• Sebenzisa iglasi yokukhulisa ukuze ikuncede ufunde.
• Ukuze ubone kakuhle xa ufunda, faka iibhalbhu ezikhazimlayo kwizibane zakho.
• Kulungile ukuba izibane zenza amehlo akho abe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka xa uqhuba ebusuku, kodwa ukuba yingxaki, zama ukukuphepha ukuqhuba ebusuku .
• Bona ugqirha wakho wamehlo ngokweshedyuli yakhe uze uhlaziye iiglasi zakho ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Gcina zonke iimeko zempilo ezingabonakaliyo, ezinje ngesifo seswekile, zilawulwa kakuhle .

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-cataract, okanye ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho ekuboneni kwakho, bona ugqirha wakho. Iingxaki ezifana nokungaboni kakuhle zinokuba luphawu lwezinye iimeko ezininzi zamehlo, kuquka ne-cataract. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuze ufumane unobangela weempawu zakho kwaye ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.

Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuqhekeka kwe-retinalUkuba uneempawu, funa uncedo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Le yingxaki engaqhelekanga kodwa enzima enokwenzeka emva kotyando lwe-cataract. Ichaphazela malunga nomntu omnye kwabayi-100. Iimpawu ezilumkisayo ziquka:

• Ngequbuliso uqala ukubona izinto ezidadayo kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo phambi kwamehlo akho.
• Ukubona ukukhanya ngamehlo akho evulekile okanye evaliwe.
• Imvakalelo yesithunzi okanye isikrini esisasazeka ekuboneni kwakho.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho wamehlo?

Nantsi eminye imibuzo ongathanda ukuyibuza ugqirha wakho:

• Ngaba ndineempawu ze-cataracts?
• Inzima kangakanani i-cataract?
• Zihlobo luni kwaye zifumaneka phi kwilensi yam yokunxibelelana?
• Ngaba iza kuchaphazela amehlo am omabini?
• Ucinga ukuba ndiza kufuneka ndityandwe nini?
• Zithini iingozi endijongene nazo ngenxa yotyando?
• Loluphi uhlobo lwe-IOL olulungele mna?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndibonakale ndingcono ndide ndityandwe?
• Zeziphi iinguqu zendlela yokuphila ekufuneka ndizenze?

Nangona i-cataracts iyinto eqhelekileyo yokwaluphala, ukufumana ukuxilongwa kwesi sifo akusoloko kumnandi. Ingcinga yotyando lwamehlo inokukwenza uzive usoyika kwaye uxhalabile malunga nokuba umbono wakho uza kuba njani emva kwenkqubo.

Musa ukukhathazeka kakhulu. Khumbula, utyando lwe-cataract lolunye lotyando oluqhelekileyo noluqhelekileyo emhlabeni. Mhlawumbi uyazi umntu omnye ubuncinane okhe watyandwa, kwaye usenokuba ngumntu olungileyo onokuthetha naye ngalo. Thetha naye kwaye ubuze ngamava akhe. Kodwa musa ukuziva ucinezelwe okanye ungxanyiselwe ukuba wenze utyando. Thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye ugqibe ngexesha elilungele wena.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ngoko ke, nangona i-cataracts iyinto eza nokukhula, ayiyonto yokungayinaki. Ukuba uziva ngathi umbono wakho uyancipha kancinci kancinci, ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha wamehlo . Ukuba ufunyenwe kwangethuba, unokufumana unyango olufunekayo kwaye uphile ubomi bakho ngendlela eqhelekileyo, unombono ocacileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana uhlolo lwamehlo ngexesha kwaye unyamekele amehlo akho . Khumbula, amehlo akho yeyona nto ixabisekileyo onayo yokubona ihlabathi!

Iikhathalogu , ukulahleka kokubona, ilensi yangaphakathi kweso, utyando lwamehlo, ukwaluphala, impilo yamehlo