Yintoni iChagas Disease? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula.

Kukho izifo esingazange sive ngazo, kodwa zixhaphakile kwamanye amazwe ehlabathi. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesifo esisasazeka ngendlela engaqhelekanga, ingakumbi kumazwe aseMntla, eMbindini naseMzantsi Melika. Esi sibizwa ngokuba yiChagas Disease. Abanye abantu basibiza ngokuba yi "American Trypanosomiasis". Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku, ingakumbi ukuba uhambela ilizwe elinjalo.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo sikaChagas?

Isifo seChagas sisifo esibangelwa yiparasite encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi`(Trypanosoma cruzi)` . Esi parasite sithwalwa sisinambuzane esikhethekileyo. Esi sinambuzane sibizwa ngokuba yi-"Triatomine bug". Kodwa esi saziwa kakhulu ngokuba yi-"Kissing Bug".

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba kutheni esi sinambuzane sibizwa ngokuba yi "kissing bug." Isizathu kukuba esi sinambuzane sidla ngokufika ebusuku abantu belele size silume ubuso babo, ingakumbi iindawo ezijikeleze imilebe okanye amehlo. Sifumana igama laso kuba siluma ngendlela ebonakala ngathi sibancamisa.

Kodwa esi sifo asisasazeki nje ngokulunywa sisinambuzane. Nantsi into eyenzekayo:

1. Njengoko "isibungu esincamisayo" sitsala igazi emzimbeni wakho, siyaphuma sisiya kwindawo esilunywe kuyo.

2. I-parasite `(Trypanosoma cruzi)` endikhankanyileyo ngaphambili ifumaneka kwilindle lesi sinambuzane.

3. Ukuba ngempazamo ukrwela okanye uchukumisa indawo ekulunywe yiyo, ilindle le-parasite lingangena emzimbeni wakho ngenxeba, amehlo, impumlo, okanye umlomo.

Eyona nto iyingozi ngesi sifo kukuba abantu abaninzi ababonisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni kosulelo. Ngoko ke abazi nokuba banaso esi sifo. Ukuba asinyangwa, esi sifo sinokuba sisifo esingapheliyo kwaye sibangele umonakalo omkhulu entliziyweni nakwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya kangangeminyaka, kwanamashumi eminyaka.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo sikaChagas?

Isifo seChagas sinezigaba ezibini eziphambili: isigaba esibukhali kunye nesigaba esingapheliyo.

Iimpawu zokuqala (inqanaba elikhawulezileyo)

Ezi mpawu zinokubonakala kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala okanye kwiinyanga ezimbini emva kokosuleleka. Kodwa abantu abaninzi abanazo kwaphela iimpawu , okanye iimpawu abanazo zincinci kakhulu, njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.

• Ifiva
• Intlungu yomzimba
• Ukudinwa
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Urhudo kunye nokuhlanza
• Indawo ekuluma kuyo isinambuzane iba bomvu, idumbe, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ikhule ibe sisilonda (i-chagoma).
• Ukudumba okukhulu kwejwabu leso. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "luphawu lukaRomaña" ngokwezonyango. Olu luphawu oluthile kakhulu.

Iimpawu ezikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha (inqanaba elingapheliyo)

Ukuba inqanaba lokuqala alinyangwa, usulelo luhlala emzimbeni. Kodwa lunokuhlala iminyaka emininzi lungabonakalisi zimpawu. Malunga nama-30% - 40% abantu abosulelekileyo ekugqibeleni baya kuba neengxaki ezinkulu. Ezi zezona mpawu ziyingozi:

Ingaba yi "kisin bug" kuphela esasaza esi sifo?

Esi sifo sisasazeka kakhulu yi-"kissing bug". Nangona kunjalo, sinokusasazeka nangezinye iindlela ezininzi.

• Ukusuka kumama ukuya kumntwana: Ukuba umama okhulelweyo unesi sifo, sinokudluliselwa kumntwana wakhe nge-placenta, ngexesha lokubeleka, okanye ngokuncancisa.
• Ngokutya okusulelekileyo: Ngokusela ukutya okanye ijusi yeziqhamo (ingakumbi ezingafakwanga iintsholongwane) ezingcoliswe yi-parasite.
• Utofelo-gazi okanye ukufakelwa amalungu omzimba: Ukwamkela igazi okanye amalungu omzimba kumntu osulelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, le ngozi iphantsi kakhulu kumazwe amaninzi kuba abanikeli ngegazi ngoku bavavanywa isifo sikaChagas.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?

Esi sifo asixhaphakanga eSri Lanka, kodwa umngcipheko uphezulu kwabo banezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba uhlala okanye ukhe wahlala kwiindawo zasemaphandleni eMzantsi Melika, eMbindi Melika, okanye eMexico, ingakumbi ezindlwini ezineendonga zodaka, uphahla lwengca, kwaye ezingenazikrini kwiifestile, "i-kissing bug" inokuhlala kwiindawo ezinjalo.
• Ukuba umama unesifo seChagas aze umntwana azalwe.
• Ukuba igazi laliqokelelwe ngaphambi kokuba iindlela zovavanyo lwegazi zifumaneke (kumazwe amaninzi phakathi kowe-1990-2007).

Iingxaki ezinzulu ezinokwenzeka ngenxa yesifo sikaChagas

Kufuneka sikhathazeke ngakumbi ngesi sifo ngenxa yeengxaki ezinokubangela ixesha elide.

Iingxaki eziphambili ezinokwenzeka kwisigaba esingapheliyo zezi:

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngendlela engaqhelekanga (i-Arrhythmia): Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
• Ukuma kwentliziyo: Ukuyeka ngequbuliso ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
• I-Dilated cardiomyopathy: Imisipha yentliziyo iba buthathaka, intliziyo iyakhula, kwaye ayikwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo.
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo: Intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elaneleyo emzimbeni.
• Umlomo omkhulu: Ubunzima bokuginya ukutya.
• Ukukhula kwamathumbu amakhulu: Ukuqhinwa okukhulu kwenzeka.

Ufumanisa njani ukuba unaso esi sifo?

Eyona ndlela iphambili yokuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo sikaChagas kukwenza uvavanyo lwegazi . Oku kuhlola ii-antibodies egazini, eziziindlela zokuzikhusela zomzimba kwi-parasite ye-T. cruzi.

Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nentliziyo yakho okanye inkqubo yokugaya ukutya, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela uvavanyo olongezelelweyo.

• I-Echocardiogram: Iskeni yokujonga umsebenzi kunye nolwakhiwo lwentliziyo.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.
• I-X-ray okanye i-CT scan: Ukufota isifuba okanye isisu.
• I-endoscopy ephezulu: Uvavanyo lwe-esophagus kusetyenziswa ityhubhu enekhamera.
• I-Colonoscopy: Uvavanyo lwamathumbu amakhulu.

Ngaba kukho unyango?

Ewe, ngethamsanqa kukho unyango loku. Iindidi ezimbini zamayeza abulala iintsholongwane zisetyenziswa kakhulu. Ziyi -'benznidazole' kunye ne -'nifurtimox' .

Abanye abantu banokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga xa besebenzisa eli yeza. Umzekelo, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, intloko ebuhlungu , kunye nentlungu yezihlunu. Ukuba kukho into efana nale eyenzekayo, musa ukuyeka ukusebenzisa eli yeza, kodwa thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Uza kukunika isisombululo.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ukhe wahlala okanye waya kwindawo apho isifo seChagas sixhaphake khona, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo okanye iingxaki zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya.
• Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unale sifo kwaye ufuna ukuvavanywa (ingakumbi ngaphambi okanye ngexesha lokukhulelwa).

Ufanele uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU)?

Ukuba kukho naziphi na kwezi mpawu ziqatha zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ngokukhawuleza kwisibhedlele esikufutshane.

• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu
• Ukuqina kwentamo
• Intlungu ebuhlungu esifubeni
• Urhudo olukhulu okanye ukuhlanza
• Ukudideka okanye i-dementia

Ngaba esi sifo singathintelwa?

Ewe, zikho iindlela zokuzikhusela, ingakumbi ukuba uhlala okanye uhamba kwiindawo ezinobungozi obukhulu.

• Ukutshiza izibulali-zinambuzane emakhayeni nakwiindawo ezikufutshane nawo.
• Ukuvala imingxunya kwiingcango nakwiifestile kakuhle ukuze "izinambuzane ezincamisayo" zingangeni endlwini.
• Ukusebenzisa iinethi, ezifana neenethi zokuthintela iingcongconi, xa ulele.
• Kuphephe ukusela ijusi yeziqhamo engagayiwanga iintsholongwane kwaye utye ukutya okunokuba kungcoliswe yile ntsholongwane.

Ukuba uye waya kwindawo enobungozi kwaye unethemba lokukhulelwa, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuvavanya isifo sikaChagas.