Kuthekani ukuba kukho ikhemikhali efika eluswini okanye emehlweni akho? Masithethe ngokutsha kweekhemikhali!

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha iingozi zinokwenzeka ngokungalindelekanga, akunjalo? Ingakumbi xa usenza imisebenzi yasekhaya okanye usebenza ngeekhemikhali emsebenzini, impazamo encinci inokubangela ingozi enkulu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngenye ingozi enobungozi kancinci, kodwa enokuthintelwa kakhulu ukuba uyazi. Oko kukutsha kweekhemikhali , okanye njengoko sitsho ngesiNgesi `(Chemical Burns)`. Ngamafutshane, oku kukonakala kwezicubu zomzimba wakho ngenxa yekhemikhali erhabaxa neyokubola. Oku kungenzeka kungekuphela nje kulusu namehlo, kodwa nokuba kungena emzimbeni.

Yintoni kanye kanye into yokutsha ngamakhemikhali?

Khawucinge nje, ukuba ikhemikhali enobungozi ingena eluswini lwakho, emehlweni, okanye kwiithishu ezibuthathaka emzimbeni wakho, iya kuqala ukutshabalalisa ezo thishu. Ixesha elininzi, oku kwenzeka xa ngengozi uchitha ikhemikhali emzimbeni wakho. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, iikhemikhali zinokuginywa okanye zingene emzimbeni wakho ngezinye iindlela.

Oku kutsha kweekhemikhali kunokusukela ekutshiseni okuncinci ukuya kwingozi ezinzulu nezisongela ubomi. Ukutsha okuncinci kuya kuphola ngokukhawuleza, kodwa ukutsha okukhulu kunokubangela umonakalo ongapheliyo kwizicubu, amanxeba, kwanokufa. Ke ngoko, unyango olukhawulezileyo lokutsha kweekhemikhali lubalulekile.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu kule ngozi?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, 'Ngaba oku akunakwenzeka nakubani na?' Ewe, yinyani. Nabani na osebenza ngeekhemikhali usemngciphekweni. Umzekelo:

• Abasebenzi bokwakha
• Abasebenzi basefektri
• Abalimi
• Iingcali zelebhu
• Iimoto zoomatshini
• Abasebenzi basemkhosini
• Abalungisi bemibhobho

Aba bantu basengozini enkulu kuba badibana neekhemikhali ezahlukeneyo rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho into ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka siyiqwalasele sonke. Abantwana abancinci, ingakumbi abantwana abancinci, banokuba sengozini enkulu yeekhemikhali ekhayeni. Khawuthelekelele ukuba banokufumana isepha, i-bleach, okanye isicoci sendlu yangasese baze bayichukumise, okanye bayifake emlonyeni wabo? Kuyoyikisa ukucinga ngayo, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto kufuneka silumke kakhulu ngale nto ekhayeni.

Kutheni le nto kusenzeka ezi khemikhali zokutsha? Zithini izizathu?

Ngamafutshane, xa ikhemikhali enzima ingena eluswini lwakho, emehlweni akho, okanye ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, iqala ukonakalisa iiseli zakho. Lo monakalo ngamanye amaxesha unokubonakala njengenxeba elincinci kumphezulu wesikhumba, kodwa unokuchaphazela nezicubu ezingaphantsi. Ukutsha kwekhemikhali kunokuba yingozi ngaphezu kokutsha kobushushu. Ubusazi? Ezinye iikhemikhali ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza nasemva kokuba zidibene nolusu, "zitya" izicubu.

Ziziphi izinto eziqhelekileyo ezibangela ukutsha kweekhemikhali?

Kukho iikhemikhali ezingenakubalwa ebomini bethu bemihla ngemihla, ekhaya, nasemsebenzini esingazi nokuba zinokubangela olu hlobo lweengozi. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• I-asidi yebhetri: Uyazi, izinto ezifana neebhetri zeemoto, iibhetri zelori, njl. Ngamanye amaxesha, iibhetri ze-inverter ezisetyenziswa emakhaya nazo zinale asidi. Inzima kakhulu kwaye inokubangela ukutsha okukhulu ukuba ingena eluswini lwakho.
• Umgubo/ulwelo olukhupha i-bleaching: Silusebenzisa ukucoca amakhaya ethu nokuhlamba iimpahla, akunjalo? Nalo kufuneka lusetyenziswe ngononophelo.
• Iisepha zokuhlamba impahla: Iisepha zokuhlamba impahla, ulwelo. Ezinye zazo zinokuba lukhuni.
• Izicoci zeDrain: Ezi zinzima kakhulu. Ukuba zinzima ngokwaneleyo ukunyibilikisa izinto ezibambeke kwisinki, ungacinga ukuba ziya kwenza ntoni eluswini lwakho.
• Izichumisi: Ezinye izichumisi ezisetyenziselwa ukulima igadi kunye namasimi erayisi zinzima.
• Iziphumzi zeenwele: Ezi zisetyenziswa kwiindawo zokuhlamba iinwele. Zingatshisa ulusu lwakho ukuba zithe zadibana nalo.
• Izicoci zesinyithi kunye nezisusa umhlwa: Zifumaneka kwiigaraji nakwiiworkshop.
• Izisusi zepeyinti:
• Izibulali-zinambuzane: Zisetyenziswa kwezolimo nasemakhaya ukubulala iincukuthu kunye neempuku. Ezi azinabungozi nje kuphela eluswini, kodwa nakwinkqubo yokuphefumla.
• Iisanitizers kunye neeDisinfectants: Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu kule mihla. Ezinye iisanitizers ezinobungozi zinokuba yingozi eluswini ukuba zisetyenziswa rhoqo.
• Iikhemikhali zedama lokuqubha:
• Izicoci zeZitya zangasese: Ezi nazo ziqatha kakhulu kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe ngononophelo.
• Isamente emanzi: Xa isetyenziswa ngokutsha, ingatshisa ulusu lwakho ukuba idibana nayo. Abantu abaninzi abayazi le nto.

Zithini iimpawu zokutsha ngamakhemikhali?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezibonakaliswa kukutsha okufana nolu hlobo. Oku kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo okutsha kuyo.

Iimpawu zokutsha kwesikhumba:

Ukuba kukho ikhemikhali eluswini lwakho, ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokwenzeka:

• Amadyungudyungu okanye amadyungudyungu
• Ukuqhekeka kolusu, ukoma
• Intlungu
• Ukuxobuka kolusu
• Ububomvu
• Utshintsho kumbala wolusu (lusenokuba mhlophe okanye lube mnyama)
• Ukudumba

Iimpawu zokutsha kwamehlo:

Ukuba ikhemikhali ingena emehlweni akho, imeko iyingozi kakhulu. Khangela iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Umbono ofipheleyo
• Ukudumba kwamehlo
• Intlungu ebuhlungu
• Ubomvu bamehlo
• Ukutsha, imvakalelo yokuhlaba
• Iinyembezi ziyaphuma
• Ubumfama kwiimeko ezinzimaInokwenzeka nokuba yenzeke.

Iimpawu zokuginywa (ukuginywa ngamachiza):

Ukuba ikhemikhali iginywe, nokuba ngengozi okanye ngokungazi, iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukukhwehlela
• Ubunzima bokuthetha (`Dysphonia`)
• Ukuvuza amathe
• Ukurhawuzela
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (iHypotension)
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza, mhlawumbi ukuhlanza igazi
• Intlungu emlonyeni okanye emqaleni (ingakumbi xa uginya)
• Ukugqobhoka esiswini, umphimbo (ityhubhu ethwala ukutya ukusuka emqaleni ukuya esiswini), okanye i-cornea (ilensi engaphambili yeliso).
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea)
• Ukudumba kwendlela yokuphefumla ephezulu (`Edema`)

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu, yiya esibhedlele ngoko nangoko! Musa ukuchitha ixesha.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto?

Xa usiya esibhedlele, ugqirha uya kujonga ukutsha aze afumanise ubungakanani nobunzulu bako. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ingakumbi ukuba kukho ikhemikhali engene emzimbeni, kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Ukuginya iikhemikhali kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwezitho zakho zangaphakathi. Ungafunxa iikhemikhali emzimbeni wakho ngesikhumba okanye ngamehlo akho. Ngoko ke ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ukubala igazi elipheleleyo (`Inani elipheleleyo legazi (CBC)`) kunye novavanyo lokujonga ukusebenza kwezintso zakho, isibindi, kunye nemiphunga.
• I-Endoscopy: Ukuba uginye ikhemikhali, olu vavanyo lungenziwa. Kolu vavanyo, kufakwa ityhubhu encinci, eguquguqukayo (i-endoscope) enekhamera eqhotyoshelweyo ngomlomo kwaye kuhlolwa umphimbo, umphimbo, kunye nesisu. Oku kunokunceda ukujonga nawuphi na umonakalo obangelwe kukutsha.
• Uvavanyo lwamehlo: Ingcali yamehlo okanye ingcali yamehlo iya kuhlola iliso ukuba alitshile na. Baza kuqala balihlambe kakuhle iliso ngamanzi baze bajonge ukuba alinamonakalo na ekuboneni kwakho kunye nobunzulu bokutsha. Banokufaka idayi ekhethekileyo esweni ukunceda ekuchongeni iindawo ezinomonakalo.
• Imifanekiso: I-X-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography scan) ingenziwa ukujonga umonakalo wangaphakathi ngenxa yokuginya ikhemikhali, ingakumbi ukugqobhoka komphimbo okanye esiswini.

Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba ngequbuliso utshiswe yikhemikhali? Fumana unyango ngoko nangoko!

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzenze kwangoko emva kokutsha ngamakhemikhali. Musa ukoyika, kodwa yenza ezi zinto ngokukhawuleza.

1. Fowunela inkonzo ye-ambulensi yongxamiseko (eSri Lanka, 1990). Emva koko yenza oku kulandelayo:

2. Ukususa impahla:Qiniseka ukuba unxibe iiglavu zokuzikhusela. Susa ngononophelo nayiphi na impahla engcoliswe ziikhemikhali usebenzisa isikere. Musa ukuvumela impahla ukuba idibane nezinye iindawo zomzimba.

3. Ukususa iikhemikhali: Ngelixa usanxibe iiglavu, ukuba kukho umgubo wekhemikhali owomileyo, yisuse ngobunono, endaweni yokuyihlikihla. Ukuyihlikihla kunokusasazeka kwezinye iindawo zesikhumba.

4. Hlamba ngamanzi: Hlamba ulusu olutshileyo okanye amehlo kakuhle ngamanzi abandayo. Qhubeka uhlamba ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30, njengoko iikhemikhali zinokuqhubeka zilimaza ulusu nasemva kokuba zisetyenzisiwe. Xa uhlamba, lumka ungavumeli amanzi angcolileyo angene kwezinye iindawo zomzimba.

Inqaku Elikhethekileyo: Kukho iikhemikhali ezingafanele zihlanjwe ngamanzi. Umzekelo, i-carbolic acid (`Phenol`), i-sulfuric acid (`Sulfuric Acid`), iipowder ezomileyo, kunye nezinye iicompounds zesinyithi. Ukuba unamathandabuzo ngento efana nale, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

5. Sela amanzi: Ukuba ikhemikhali iginyiwe, yinike amanzi ukuze iyinyibilikise esiswini. Musa ukunika nantoni na enokubangela ukuhlanza. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukuhlanza kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu ukuba ikhemikhali ibuyela emqaleni.

Emva koko yiya esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Kungcono ukuya kwiziko elikhethekileyo lokutsha ("iZiko lokuTsha") ukuba unako. Nokuba uya kwicandelo likaxakeka lesibhedlele esiqhelekileyo, baya kukuthumela kwicandelo lokutsha ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Kwenzeka ntoni xa usiya esibhedlele?

Emva kokuba uye esibhedlele, oogqirha kunye nabahlengikazi baza kukunyamekela kakuhle. Into yokuqala abaya kuyenza yile:

• Hlola ubukhali bokutsha kwakho.
• Qhubeka uhlamba isitshiso.
• Ukuba unesihlungu, nika amayeza okudambisa iintlungu .
• Ukuthintela usulelo, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anikwa njengekhrimu eluswini okanye afakwe emthanjeni.
• Ukufaka ibhandeji elomileyo okanye ibhandeji xa kutsha kancinci okanye kancinci.

Ukuba ukutsha kukhulu, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kususwe ulusu olutshileyo. Abanye abantu banokudinga ukufakelwa ulusu . Oku kuquka ukuthatha ulusu kwenye indawo ephilileyo yomzimba uze ulufake kwindawo etshileyo. Kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kulungiswe izinto ezifana nokugqobhoka kwendlela yokugaya ukutya.

Ngaba oku kutsha kweekhemikhali akunakuthintelwa?

Kukho intetho ethi, 'Ukuthintela kungcono kunokunyanga,' akunjalo? Ngoko ke kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukuze sizikhusele koku kutsha kweekhemikhali. Kulula kakhulu, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu:

• Ukuba kunokwenzeka, sebenzisa ezinye iindlela ezingangqwabalalanga kangako nezikhuselekileyo endaweni yeekhemikhali ezingqwabalala .
• Gcina iikhemikhali kwisikhongozeli esikhuselekileyo ezifike naso. Musa ukuzidlulisela kwezinye iibhotile, kuba usenokulibala ukuba zithini na.
• Umsebenzi wakho.Yazi kakuhle ukuba zeziphi iikhemikhali kunye neengozi ezibangela zona.
• Gcina iikhemikhali kwindawo ekhuselekileyo, ingakumbi kude nabantwana abancinci. Phezulu, njengakwikhabhathi etshixiweyo.
• Xa usebenza ngeekhemikhali , qiniseka ukuba unxibe impahla yokuzikhusela okanye izixhobo ezifana neeglavu, iiglasi zeglasi, kunye neemaski zobuso.

Ngaba zinokubakho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga nasemva kokuba uphilile? (Outlook)

Uninzi lokutsha okuncinci kwamakhemikhali kuyaphola ngaphandle kokushiya naziphi na izibazi ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukutsha kukhulu, ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela iziphumo ezinde. Ezi ziquka:

• Ingozi yokuba nomhlaza wolusu, wesisu, okanye womqala.
• Ukuqiniswa komlomo wesibeleko - kusenokuba kubangelwa kukuqhekeka.
• Ukugqobhoka esiswini, emqaleni, okanye kwi-cornea yeliso.
• Amanxeba asele.
• Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono.

Izinto ezinje azenzeki kuye wonke umntu, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba le ngozi ikhona xa kukho ukutsha okukhulu.

Kufuneka ndiphinde ndibone ugqirha kwakhona nini?

Nokuba ukutsha sele kuqalile ukuphola, kukho amaxesha apho unokufuna ukubona ugqirha kwakhona. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Umzekelo:

• Ukuba kukho intlungu enzima ngenxa yokutsha.
• Ukuba kukho into etyheli okanye eluhlaza okotshani ephuma enxebeni.
• Ukuba ukutsha kubonakala ngathi kuya kusiba mandundu .
• Ukuba ubona iimpawu zosulelo (ububomvu, ukudumba, ubushushu, intlungu eyandayo).

Imibuzo ebalulekileyo yokubuza ugqirha wakho

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungalibali ukubuza imibuzo efana nale ukuze ukwazi ukuqonda ngcono imeko.

• Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ixesha elide ngenxa yokutsha kwale khemikhali?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokosuleleka kunye nokuqhekeka kwamanxeba ngelixa ukutsha kuphola?
• Ingaba oku kutsha kunzulu kangakanani?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokutsha ngamakhemikhali ngolu hlobo kwixesha elizayo?

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, mhlawumbi uyaqonda ngoku ukuba ukutsha kweekhemikhali akuyonto ithathwa lula. Impazamo encinci inokubangela ingozi enkulu. Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu xa usebenza ngeekhemikhali, ingakumbi ekhaya. Kwanasekhaya, gcina izinto zokucoca kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane kude nabantwana abancinci.

Khumbula, ukuba utshiswe ngamakhemikhali, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungabi naxhala, kodwa kukukhawuleza unikeze uncedo lokuqala kwaye uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Ngokungafaniyo nokutshiswa bubushushu okuqhelekileyo, ukutshiswa ngamakhemikhali kunokuqhubeka konakalisa ulusu nasemva kokuba kusetyenzisiwe. Ke ngoko, unyango olukhawulezileyo lubalulekile.

Ndithandazela ukuba wena nosapho lwakho nikhuselwe kwiingozi ezinjalo!

Ukutsha kweekhemikhali , ukutsha kwesikhumba, ukutsha kwamehlo, iikhemikhali ezinobuthi, uncedo lokuqala, iimpawu zokutsha, unyango lokutsha