Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba amehlo ethu asebenza njani njengeekhamera eziphucukileyo nezichanekileyo? Yonke into esiyibonayo—yonke imibala, umtha wokukhanya, kunye nemilo—iyabanjwa kwaye idluliselwe engqondweni yakho ngemizuzwana nje embalwa, ivumela ukuba ufumane amava ehlabathi. Ifihliwe ngaphakathi kwesi sitho sincinci nesimangalisayo kukho iqhawe elingadunyiswanga elibalulekileyo ekuboneni kwakho: 'i-choroid'. Nangona igama lisenokuvakala lingaqhelekanga, indima yalo ibalulekile. Namhlanje, masilihlolisise ngendlela elula nenobuhlobo noNirogi Lanka.
Ngamazwi alula, yintoni iChoroid?
Cinga ngeliso lakho njengebhola eyenziwe ngeeleya ezintathu. Uleya ophakathi ubizwa ngokuba yi-uvea, kwaye i-choroid yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoleya. Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukubonelela ngegazi elineoksijini eninzi, ngokuyintloko isebenza njengenkqubo yokuxhasa ubomi kwizakhiwo ezibalulekileyo zeliso lakho. Ukongeza, inceda ekulawuleni ukukhanya okungena kweliso lakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubona kakuhle kwaye ubukhali.
Ziziphi iiMisebenzi ezimbini eziphambili zeChoroid?
Umsebenzi we-choroid ungahlulwahlulwa ube ziindima ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Ubonelelo ngeGazi
Lo ngumsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu we-choroid. Cinga ngayo njengesitishi samandla esibonelela ngombane namanzi kwisixeko esixakekileyo. I -retina kunye ne- optic nerve zifana neefektri ezingapheliyo nezifunwa kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba zihlala zithumela imiqondiso engqondweni, zifuna igazi kunye nezondlo eziphezulu kakhulu kunezinye izicwili ezininzi.
I-choroid igcwele inethiwekhi exineneyo nethambileyo yemithambo yegazi . Kukule nkqubo apho i-retina kunye ne-optic nerve zifumana khona ukuhamba rhoqo kweoksijini kunye nezondlo ezifunekayo ukuze zisebenze. Ukuba olu ncedo luphazamisekile kancinci, umbono wakho unokuphazamiseka kakhulu.
2. Ukufunxwa kokukhanya
Nangona ingathethwa rhoqo le nkqubo ibalulekileyo. Ngaba wakha waphawula iiphaneli zefoam ezimnyama nezineembobo kwiindawo zokurekhoda ezenzelwe ukuthintela ukuvakala kwesandi? I-choroid yenza umsebenzi ofanayo ngaphakathi kweliso lakho.
Usenokuba uqhelene ne -melanin , umbala onika ulusu lwethu umbala walo. I-choroid ine-melanin eninzi. Nangona i-melanin eluswini ifunxa imisebe ye-UV eyingozi ukuze ikukhusele, emehlweni, ithintela ukukhanya ukuba kungasasazeki ngokungalawulekiyo.
Ngokusisiseko, njengangaphakathi kwekhamera ekumgangatho ophezulu, i-melanin kwi-choroid ifunxa ukukhanya okungaqhelekanga, okuvumela ukuba kugxile ngqo kwiiseli ze-photoreceptor kwi-retina yakho. Ngaphandle koku, ukukhanya bekuya kujika ngaphakathi kweliso lakho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umbono wakho ubonakale ungacacanga kwaye ungacacanga.
Iphi iChoroid?
I-choroid igubungela malunga nesibini kwisithathu somva weliso lakho. Ngamafutshane, ihleli phakathi kodonga olumhlophe olungaphandle lweliso, olwaziwa ngokuba yi- sclera , kunye ne- retina , eyona maleko ingaphakathi enoxanduva lokucubungula umbono .
Lulwelo olubhityileyo ngendlela emangalisayo—malunga nobukhulu bephepha eliqhelekileyo. Sekunjalo, kuloo ndawo incinci, lugcina loo nethiwekhi inkulu yemithambo yegazi. Kanye njengokuba unokuba ne-mole eluswini lwakho, i-choroid inokuba namabala angenabungozi abizwa ngokuba yi-nevi. La mabala awabonakali kuwe; adla ngokufunyanwa ngugqirha wakho wamehlo ngexesha lovavanyo oluqhelekileyo.
Ziziphi iimeko ezinokuchaphazela iChoroid?
Ngenxa yokuba i-choroid ngokuyintloko yinethiwekhi entsonkothileyo yemithambo yegazi, iingxaki zenkqubo yomzimba—ezifana neengxaki zokujikeleza kwegazi okanye izifo zokudumba—zinokuyichaphazela ngqo. Ezinye zeemeko eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
- I-Albinism: Imeko yemfuza enciphisa i-melanin eluswini nasemahlweni, nto leyo edla ngokukhokelela ekubeni umntu angakwazi ukubona kakuhle (photophobia) kwaye abone izinto ezingalunganga.
- Iimeko zokuzalwa: Ezifana ne-choroideremia, ezinokukhokelela ekonakaleni kwe-retina.
- I-retinopathy enxulumene nesifo seswekile: Iswekile ephezulu egazini inokonakalisa imithambo ethambileyo kwi-choroid.
- Ukuwohloka kwe-macular: Kwimo 'emanzi', imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga inokukhula kwi-choroid, nto leyo ebangela ukulahleka kokubona.
- Umhlaza wamehlo: Njengomhlaza wamehlo, onokuvela kwi-choroid.
- I-ischemia yamehlo: Ukuncipha kokunikezelwa kwegazi, okufana nokuhlaselwa sisifo samehlo.
- I-Glaucoma: Nangona inxulumene kakhulu noxinzelelo lwamehlo, inokuchaphazela ngokungathanga ngqo impilo ye-choroid kunye nemithambo-luvo ejikelezileyo.
- Ukulimala: Ukulimala kweliso kunokubangela umonakalo wangaphakathi.
- Iimeko zokudumba: Ezifana ne-uveitis okanye i-chorioretinitis, eziziintsholongwane okanye ukudumba ngaphakathi kweliso.
Uyibona njani ingxaki ngeChoroid?
Nayiphi na ingxaki enxulumene ne-choroid iya kuyichaphazela ngqo indlela obona ngayo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwindlela obona ngayo, kubalulekile ukuba udibane nogqirha wakho okanye ufune iinkonzo zonyango ezingxamisekileyo ukuba ufumana ukulahleka okukhulu kombono ngequbuliso.
| Iimpawu zeengxaki zeChoroidal | |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu Eziqhelekileyo | |
| Amabala amnyama okanye iindawo ezingenanto embonweni | Uphuhliso lwamabala angaboniyo (i-scotomas). |
| Umbono ofipheleyo | Ukungacaci ngokubanzi kwicandelo lakho lombono. |
| Umbono ophindwe kabini | Ukubona imifanekiso emibini endaweni yomnye (i-diplopia). |
| Intlungu yamehlo kunye nentloko ebuhlungu | Ukungakhululeki okungapheliyo emehlweni okanye kufutshane nawo. |
| Uvelwano ekukhanyeni | Ukungakhululeki okanye iintlungu xa ubekwe ekukhanyeni (photophobia). |
| Iimpawu Ezingxamisekileyo Ezifuna Uncedo Lwezonyango Olukhawulezileyo | |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza kunye nentlungu yamehlo | Iimpawu eziqatha ezinokubonisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu. |
| IiHalos ezijikeleze izibane | Ukubona izangqa ezinemibala yomnyama zijikeleze imithombo yokukhanya. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngequbuliso okanye ukuncipha kombono | Le yingxamiseko yezonyango efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. |
| Izibane ezikhanyayo ngequbuliso | Ukubona ukukhanya okukhawulezileyo (photopsias). |
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zongxamiseko, ungalibazisi. Nceda uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ER) elikufutshane ngoko nangoko. Xa kufikwa kwimpilo yamehlo, umzuzwana ngamnye ubalulekile.
Zifunyaniswa njani ezi meko?
Xa ubona ingcali yamehlo, iya kuhlola iimpawu zakho ize yenze uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwamehlo. Ukuba kukho ukrokrelo lwesifo se-choroidal, inokucebisa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo lulandelayo:
- Uvavanyo lokubona kakuhle: Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokulinganisa ukuba ubona ngokucacileyo kangakanani.
- Uvavanyo lwentsimi ebonakalayo: Luvavanya umbono wakho ongaphandle ukuze lubone naziphi na izikhewu okanye iindawo ezingabonakaliyo.
- Uvavanyo lwesibane esiqhekekileyo: Imakroskopu ekhethekileyo esetyenziswa ngugqirha wakho ukuhlola izakhiwo zangaphakathi zeliso lakho.
- Uvavanyo lwe-retina: Ngenxa yokuba i-choroid kunye ne-retina zidibene ngokusondeleyo, ukufota i-retina kunika ulwazi oluxabisekileyo malunga ne-choroid.
- I-Fluorescein angiography: Idayi ifakwe kwimithambo yakho yengalo ukuze kuthathwe iifoto ezineenkcukacha zemithambo yegazi ekwiliso lakho.
- I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): I-scan engangenisi ntsholongwane edala imifanekiso yeliso lakho, evumela ugqirha ukuba abone ukudumba okanye utshintsho kwiileya zeliso.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwezifo ze-choroidal?
Unyango luhlala lugxile ekulawuleni imeko echaphazela i-choroid. Ngokujongana nonobangela, sinokuhlala siphucula impilo ye-choroid. Izicwangciso zonyango ziyahluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kwisifo sakho esithile.
| Indlela Yonyango | Oko kuquka kona… |
|---|---|
| Amayeza eGlaucoma | Ihla ukuze yehlise uxinzelelo lwamehlo kwaye ikhusele umthambo wokubona. |
| Amayeza okulwa nokuvuvukala | Amayeza okunciphisa ukudumba okanye ukudumba ngaphakathi kweliso. |
| Unyango lwe-Anti-VEGF | Iinaliti ezenzelwe ukuthintela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga nevuzayo. |
| Unyango lomhlaza | Unyango olukhethekileyo olufana notyando okanye imitha yeethumba zamehlo. |
| Ulawulo lokuhamba kwegazi | Amayeza anjenge-anticoagulants okanye ulawulo loxinzelelo lwegazi ukuxhasa ukujikeleza kwegazi okunempilo. |
| Utyando lwamehlo | Utyando lokulungisa umonakalo owenziweyo ngaphakathi kweliso. |
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zakho zempilo, ugqirha wakho uya kukukhokela kwindlela efanelekileyo yonyango.
Ungayikhusela njani impilo yamehlo akho ngeNirogi Lanka?
Umbono wakho uxabisekile. Ukukhusela impilo yamehlo akho, kuquka ne-choroid, kufuna unonophelo olukhawulezileyo. Nazi amanyathelo aliqela onokuwathatha ukuze ugcine impilo yamehlo akho ixesha elide.
- Cwangcisa Uvavanyo Lwamehlo Oluqhelekileyo: Nokuba unxiba iiglasi okanye akunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba amehlo akho ahlolwe ngugqirha wamehlo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Oku kuvumela ukuba kufunyanwe iingxaki ezinokubakho kwangethuba ngaphambi kokuba kuvele naziphi na iimpawu ezibonakalayo.
- Khusela Amehlo Akho: Ukuba usebenza ngezixhobo zokuwelda, iikhemikhali, okanye kwiindawo ezinothuli oluninzi kunye nenkunkuma, kufuneka unxibe iiglasi zokhuseleko ezifanelekileyo okanye iiglasi zokukhusela ngamaxesha onke ukuthintela ukwenzakala kwamehlo.
- Kuphephe Ukutshaya Nokusebenzisa Icuba: Ukutshaya nokusebenzisa icuba konakalisa ngqo inkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi. Ngenxa yokuba i-choroid sisakhiwo esinemithambo yegazi eninzi, ukutshaya kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu nothe ngqo ekusebenzeni kwayo.
- Lawula Iimeko Ezingapheliyo: Ukuba uphila neDiabetes Mellitus okanye iHypertension (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu), qiniseka ukuba ezi meko zilawulwa ngokungqongqo ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha wakho. Ukuba azilawulwa, ezi zifo zinokukhokelela kumonakalo omkhulu nongenakulungiseka emehlweni akho.
- Beka impilo-ntle yakho phambili: Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, ukuhlala unesisindo esisempilweni, kunye nokwenza umthambo rhoqo kuyanceda kungekuphela nje emehlweni akho, kodwa nakumzimba wakho wonke.
I-choroid isebenza njengento ezolileyo kodwa ebalulekileyo ngaphakathi kweliso lakho. Iphefumlela ubomi embonweni wakho kwaye ikunceda ufumane ihlabathi elicacileyo neliphilayo. Ngokuhlala unolwazi kwaye usebenza ngokukhawuleza, uthatha uxanduva olupheleleyo lokukhusela umbono wakho oxabisekileyo ngeNirogi Lanka.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe
- I -Choroid lulwaleko olubalulekileyo oluphakathi kweliso lakho olunika igazi kwaye lulawula ukufunxwa kokukhanya.
- Iimpawu ezinje ngokulahlekelwa yimbono ngequbuliso, ukubona ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okanye iintlungu zamehlo ezihamba nesicaphucaphu ziimeko ezingxamisekileyo zonyango; nceda utsalele umnxeba ku-911 okanye undwendwele isebe lezongxamiseko elikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela impilo yakho ye-choroidal kukulawula ngokungqongqo iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, nangokuhlala uhlola amehlo rhoqo.
- Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho okanye ukungakhululeki ekuboneni kwakho, musa ukuzama ukuzixilonga; qhagamshelana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
I-Choroid, Impilo Yamehlo, Izifo Zamehlo, I-Retina, Imithambo Yegazi Yamehlo, Ukulahleka Kokubona, Ukhathalelo Lwamehlo
