Ngamanye amaxesha xa sisiya kugqirha, amanye amagama abawathethayo anokoyikisa kancinci, akunjalo? Elinye lamagama anjalo ngu-'Comorbidities'. Kodwa ukuqonda ukuba ziyintoni ezi zinto kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo impilo yakho kunokukunceda kakhulu ekubhekaneni nezigulo zakho. Ngoko masithethe ngale nto namhlanje.
Ngoko ke zithini ezi comorbidities?
Ngamafutshane, izifo ezihambisanayo kukubakho kwesinye isifo okanye ezinye izifo ukongeza kwisifo sakho esiphambili. Igama lezonyango elithi "morbidity" lithetha ukuba kukho isifo okanye imeko ethile. Ngoko ke xa liqalwa ngo-"co" lithetha ukuba kukho izifo ezibini okanye ezingaphezulu kunye.
Igama elithi ``Comorbidity'' linokuba yinto eyoyikisayo ukuliva. Kodwa wakuba uqonde ukuba lithetha ukuthini kwaye lichaphazela njani impilo yakho, ungathatha inxaxheba ebonakalayo ekulawuleni impilo yakho. Ngenxa yokuba ezi zifo zinokuchaphazelana, isicwangciso sakho sempilo sinokutshintsha ngokufanelekileyo.
Khawucinge nje ngoku. Ugqirha wakho ukuxelela ukuba uhambe yonke imihla ukuze ulawule ukutyeba kwakho . Kodwa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, ufumanisa ukuba une -osteoarthritis . Ngoko ke, endaweni yokuhamba yonke imihla, ungatshintshela kwi-water aerobics ukuthintela iintlungu zamalungu akho ukuba zingabi mandundu. Kule meko, i-osteoarthritis yingxaki ehambisana nokutyeba kakhulu. Ngoko ke, indlela olawula ngayo ukutyeba kwakho iyatshintsha.
Omnye umzekelo luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (iHypertension) . Abantu abanezinye iimeko, ezifana nesifo sentliziyo okanye isifo semiphunga, nabo banokuba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Ukuba unoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nezinye iimeko, ugqirha wakho uya kuziqwalasela ezo meko. Kusenokufuneka akunike amayeza okunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi angaphazamisi amanye amayeza owasebenzisayo.
Ingcamango yezifo ezihambisana noko ibaluleke kakhulu kwicandelo lezonyango. Ngoko ke ukwazi ukuba kuthetha ukuthini kunokukunceda uthethe nogqirha wakho kwaye uqonde ngcono isicwangciso sakho sonyango. Inokuba luncedo nasekuxhaseni abantu obathandayo ngexesha leemeko zabo zempilo.
Nazi ezinye amagama asetyenziswa ukuchaza izifo ezibangelwa zizinto ezibangela ukugula:
- Iimeko ezihlala zikho
- Iimeko ezinxulumene noko
- Iimeko ezininzi ezingapheliyo
- Ukugula okuninzi
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kokuxilongwa kokuqala kunye nezinto ezibangela ukugula okufana noko?
Isifo sentliziyo sisifo esichazwa ngokucacileyo onayo ukongeza kwisifo sakho sokuqala (ngamanye amaxesha sibizwa ngokuba sisifo esisisiseko okanye isifo esichazayo). Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Yintoni le sifo siphambili?" Iinkcazo zala magama ziyinkimbinkimbi kancinci.
Kwihlabathi lezonyango,Isifo esibuhlungu sisigulo onyangwa ngaso ngexesha elithile okanye ngexesha elithile. Isenokuba sesona sifo sinzima kakhulu onaso, okanye eso sifuna unyango olukhethekileyo. Isenokuba sesona sibangele ukuba ulaliswe esibhedlele.
Isifo sichazwa njengesifo "esiphambili" ngugqirha othetha ngaye. Isifo sakho esiphambili sinokutshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kugqirha ombonayo kunye nendlela impilo yakho etshintsha ngayo.
Umzekelo, khawucinge ukuba unesifo sezintso esinganyangekiyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini. Ubonana nogqirha wezintso kwaye unyangwa rhoqo ngesifo sakho sezintso. Emva koko, loo gqirha ujonga isifo sakho sezintso njengesifo sakho esiphambili. Kuba yiloo nto ayinyangayo. Ujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo seswekile njengezifo ezihambisana nesifo sezintso. Ukwajonga ezi zifo xa enyanga isifo sakho sezintso.
Ukuba uthatha lo mzekelo phambili, khawucinge ukuba uhlala ubonana nogqirha we-endocrinologist ukuze alawule isifo sakho seswekile. Emva koko loo gqirha ujonga isifo sakho esiphambili njengesifo seswekile. Ujonga isifo sakho sezintso kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu njengezinye zezifo ezihambisana nesifo seswekile.
Ngoko ke ungabona, ukuba sisiphi isifo esiphambili kwaye yintoni isifo esihambisana naso, sinokuhluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko. Oogqirha abaziingcali badla ngokubona imeko yempilo yakho njengesifo esiphambili kunye nezinye izifo ezinxulumene naso.
Kodwa abantu abafana nogqirha wakho wosapho (uMboneleli woNyango oluPhambili) banokukujonga oku ngendlela eyahlukileyo kancinci. Basenokusebenzisa ingcamango ethi "i-Multimorbidity" ukuze bafumane umbono obanzi ngempilo yakho.
Ngaba isifo se-multimorbidity sinje?
ISebe lezeMpilo kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu lase-United States lichaza "i-multimorbidity" njengobukho bezifo okanye iimeko ezimbini zonyango ezihlala ixesha elingaphezu konyaka . Le nkcazo ayikhankanyi isifo esiyintloko. Oku kwahlukile kwinkcazo ye-comorbidity.
Abaphandi abaninzi basebenzisa ingcamango ethi "multimorbidity" ukuze bafunde indlela izifo ezichaphazela ngayo omnye komnye. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abaninzi basebenzisa amagama athi comorbidity kunye nelithi multimorbidity ngokutshintshana, oku kuthetha ukuba kukho iimeko ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zonyango kunye.
Ezi zifo zichaphazela njani impilo yakho?
Ukuba neengxaki ezihambisana noko okanye izifo ezininzi kunokuchaphazela impilo yakho ngeendlela ezininzi. Xa unezigulo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ezingapheliyo:
- Ezi meko zinokuba nempembelelo enkulu kwimpilo yakho yengqondo kunye/okanye yomzimba kunokuba bezinokuba njalo ngokwazo, kwaye zinokuba nempembelelo ecacileyo "kumgangatho wobomi bakho obunxulumene nempilo".
- Ngenxa yesifo esidibeneyo, umbono wexesha elide wesifo sakho esiphambili unokutshintsha.
- Unyango lunokuba nzima. Umzekelo, unyango lwenye imeko lunokwenza enye imeko ibe mandundu. Okanye, ukuthatha amayeza eemeko ezahlukeneyo kunye kunokuba yingozi.
- Kusenokufuneka ubone iingcali ezahlukeneyo . Baza kusebenza kunye njengeqela, babelane ngolwazi lwabo, kwaye baphuhlise isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izifo ezixhaphakileyo.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezifo ezihambisana noko zinokubonwa phakathi kwabaguli abafumana unyango olulaliswe esibhedlele naphakathi kwabo bahlushwa ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango.
Phakathi kwabo bangeniswe esibhedlele
Olunye uphando lufumanise ukuba ngaphezulu kwama-84% abantu abadala abalaliswe esibhedlele eMelika ngo-2019 babenenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezigulo ezihambisana noko, ukongeza kwimeko eyayikhokelela ekubeni bangeniswe esibhedlele. Phantse ama-50% kweli qela ayenezigulo ezithathu ubuncinane.
Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ezifumaneka kolu phononongo zezi:
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (53.2% yezigulane ezileleyo)
- Isifo seswekile (26.4% yezigulane ezileleyo)
- Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (20.5% yezigulane ezileleyo)
- Ukungabikho kwe-anemia (18.0% yezigulane ezileleyo)
- Ukutyeba kakhulu (17.0% yezigulane ezileleyo)
- Isifo sezintso kunye nokungaphumeleli (16.3% yezigulane ezileleyo)
Olu phononongo lukwafumene nezinye izinto ezininzi:
- Izigulo ezibangelwa zizifo ziyanda xa abantu bekhula. Yi-8% kuphela yabantu abadala abaneminyaka eyi-18-24 abanesifo esimalunga nesithathu. Nangona kunjalo, phantse i-73% yabo baneminyaka engama-85 nangaphezulu banesifo esimalunga nesithathu.
- Iingxaki ezibangelwa zizifo ...
Iingxaki ezidla ngokubonakala kwezinye izifo ezinkulu
Abaphandi badla ngokufunda abantu abanesifo esithile - umzekelo, isifo samathambo okanye ukusilela kwentliziyo - ukuze babone ukuba zeziphi ezinye iimeko (ii-comorbidities) abanazo. Kakade ke, wonke umntu wahlukile, kwaye ezi zifundo azithethi ukuba wonke umntu onesifo esithile uya kuba nezinye izifo ezifanayo. Kodwa zisinika umbono weepateni ezifanayo.
Makhe sijonge eminye imizekelo:
- Ingxaki Yokunqongophala Kwengqalelo/Ukuphazamiseka Kokusebenza Kakhulu (ADHD)
- Izinto ezixhaphakileyo ezidibene noxinzelelo: Ukudakumba, iingxaki zokuxhalaba, isifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder.
- Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile
- Izinto ezixhaphakileyo ezihambisana noko: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amanqanaba aphezulu amafutha egazini (umz. i-cholesterol ephezulu kunye/okanye i-triglycerides ephezulu - i-Dyslipidemia), isifo sesibindi se-steatotic esibangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-metabolic - i-MASLD, i-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - i-PCOS, ukutyeba kakhulu, i-Obstructive Sleep Apnea.
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
- Izinto ezixhaphakileyo ezihambisanayo: Uhlobo lwesibini lwesifo seswekile, i-Sleep Apnea, ukutyeba kakhulu, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
Ngamanye amaxesha, izifo zenzeka kunye kuba zinezizathu ezifanayo okanye izinto ezinobungozi. Umzekelo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo seswekile zinokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sezintso. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ezinye izifo azinazo izizathu ezifanayo. Ugqirha wakho unokukuxelela okungakumbi ngezizathu zeemeko zakho kunye nendlela unyango olunokunceda ngayo.
Ngoko ke kubaluleke ngantoni ukuba uqaphele oku?
Ukufunda intsingiselo yamagama athi comorbidities kunye ne-multimorbidities kunokukunceda uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nempilo yakho. Kodwa ukuba uziva uxinezelekile ngala magama, yima ucinge okomzuzwana.
Into ebalulekileyo kukungawakhumbuli onke amagama ezonyango. Into ebalulekileyo kukuzinika ixesha lokufunda ngeemeko zakho zempilo kunye nendlela ezichaphazela ngayo impilo yakho. Qonda ukuba loluphi unyango onokulufuna, kutheni uludinga, kunye nendlela yokulawula amayeza akho ekhaya. Kubalulekile nokuqaphela ukuba akukho bantu babini abahlangabezana nemeko efanayo okanye indibaniselwano yeemeko ezahlukeneyo.
Xelela ugqirha wakho yonke imibuzo yakho nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo ukuze akunike ulwalathiso oluhambelana nemeko yakho.
Umyalezo oza kugoduka nawo kweli nqaku ngulo:
Kulungile, ke, nazi ezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako namhlanje:
- Ukunganyamezelani komzimba kuqhelekile: ukubakho kwesinye isifo okanye ezinye izifo ukongeza kwisifo esiqhelekileyo, into abantu abaninzi abahlangabezana nayo.
- Kubalulekile ukuqonda: Ukuzazi ezi zifo, nokuqonda indlela ezichaphazela ngayo impilo yakho, luncedo olukhulu ekulawuleni impilo yakho iyonke.
- Unyango lunokuba nzima:Ukucwangcisa unyango kunokuba nzima kancinci xa unezifo ezingaphezu kwesinye, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho: Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na iingxaki zempilo onazo kunye namayeza owaselayo. Ungathandabuzi ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onazo. Iqela lakho lezempilo likho ukukunceda.
Khumbula, awuwedwa. Baninzi abantu abaphila nezi meko. Ngolwazi olufanelekileyo, inkxaso, kunye neengcebiso zonyango, nawe ungamelana nezi meko ngempumelelo!
Iingxaki zokunganyamezelani, Iimeko ezininzi, Ukuxilongwa okuPhambili, Izifo ezininzi, Izifo ezingapheliyo, Ulawulo lwezeMpilo, Iingcebiso zonyango
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