Khawuthelekelele ubethelwa entloko yibhola ngelixa udlala ikhilikithi, okanye umntwana wakho omncinci awe ebhayisekileni aze abethe intloko yakhe ngamandla. Sihlala sicinga, "Owu... kukudumba nje, kuza kulunga kungekudala." Nangona kunjalo, nokuba kukudumba okuncinci entloko ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yingozi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kubalulekile kuthi sonke ukuba siqaphele umonakalo wexeshana engqondweni, obizwa ngokuba yi-'concussion', onokusindisa ubomi.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le ngxaki yokuxhuzula?
Ukungqubana kwengqondo kukuphazamiseka okwethutyana kokusebenza kwengqondo okubangelwa kukubetheka ngamandla, ukuxhuzula, okanye ukubetheka entloko. Ngokwezonyango, oku kukwenzakala kancinci kwengqondo . Kanye njengokuba ibhotile yamanzi ishukunyiswa ngamandla, amanzi angaphakathi kuyo ayashukunyiswa xa intloko ibetheka. Oku kushukuma kubangela umonakalo okwethutyana kwiiseli zengqondo, okuphazamisa unxibelelwano phakathi kwazo okwethutyana.
Ingcamango eqhelekileyo ephosakeleyo kukuba kufuneka ulahlekelwe zingqondo ukuze ube ne-concussion. Oku akulunganga kwaphela. Enyanisweni, uninzi lwabantu abafumana i-concussion abalahlekelwa zingqondo. Ngoko ke musa ukucinga ukuba, "Andizange ndilahlekelwe zingqondo, ngoko kulungile" emva kokubetheka entloko. Nokuba yi-beat encinci inokuba yingozi, ngoko ke kusoloko kububulumko ukubona ugqirha uze uhlolwe.
Zithini iimpawu zesifo sokuxhuzula?
Kukho iimpawu ezininzi ezinokubonisa ukuba umntu owenzekele ukwenzakala entloko unesifo sokuxhuzula. Ezinye zezi mpawu zinokuvela kwangoko emva kokwenzakala, ngelixa ezinye zinokuvela kwiiyure okanye kwiintsuku kamva. Kungoko ke, kubalulekile ukujonga umntu owenzekele ukwenzakala entloko kangangeentsuku ezininzi.
Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda, masizahlule ezi mpawu zibe ziindidi ezahlukeneyo.
| Udidi lweempawu | Iimpawu ezibonakalayo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu zomzimba |
|
| Utshintsho kwindlela yokucinga nenkumbulo | |
| Utshintsho lwengqondo kunye nokuziphatha |
Ufanele uhlolwe nini ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula?
Impendulo elula yile: Nanini na xa kukho ukubetheka okukhulu entloko . Kusenokuba kukudlala imidlalo, ukuba sengozini yemoto, okanye ukuwa ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yasekhaya. Uvavanyo lwe-concussion yinkqubo ejonga indlela amandla engqondo yakho okucinga nokucubungula ulwazi achaphazeleka ngayo emva kokubetheka entloko.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza olu vavanyo ngokukhawuleza kuba ukuba kufunyenwe ingxaki yokuxhuzula kwangethuba, ukuphumla okufunekayo kunye nolawulo kungenziwa ngokufanelekileyo. Oku kunokunceda ingqondo iphiliswe ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuthintele umonakalo ongakumbi.
Olu vavanyo luza kuphinda luphindwe kamva ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ingqondo yakho iphilile kangakanani na kwaye ingaba ungabuyela kwimisebenzi eqhelekileyo (isikolo, umsebenzi, imidlalo).
Uvavanyo lwe-concussion lujonga ntoni engqondweni?
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zovavanyo lwe-concussion. Ezinye zilula kakhulu, nomqeqeshi wezemidlalo unokuzenza. Ezinye zizilingo ezintsonkothileyo ezenziwa ngoogqirha. Zonke ezi zilingo ziquka ukuvavanya imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yobuchopho ngokuthetha, ukubhala, okanye ukusebenzisa uvavanyo lwekhompyutha.
Izinto eziphambili ezivavanywayo zezi:
- Ukuphaphama kunye neNgqwalasela: Unikela ingqalelo kangakanani?
- Inkumbulo: Injani inkumbulo yexesha elifutshane nexesha elide?
- Isantya sokucinga: Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphendula umbuzo okanye ukuqonda into ethile?
- Khumbula: Ngaba ungakhumbula uze uphinde into osandul’ ukuyithetha?
- Umbono:Ngaba amehlo asebenza kakuhle?
- Ukulinganisela kunye nokulungelelanisa: Ngaba ungama ngomlenze omnye kwaye ugcine ibhalansi yakho?
- I-Reflexes: Zinjani iimpendulo zomzimba ngokuzenzekelayo?
Ziziphi iimvavanyo ze-concussion ezisetyenziswa kakhulu?
Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlola i-concussion ezisetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela. Uninzi lwazo ziimibuzo okanye uluhlu lweempawu. Zikwanazo neenkqubo zokufumana amanqaku.
Isilumkiso esibaluleke kakhulu: Olu vavanyo aluthathi indawo yovavanyo lwezonyango. Ingakumbi ukuba umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala wenzakele entloko, akuvumelekanga ukuba aphinde adlale ngaloo mini. Umntwana kufuneka asuswe kumdlalo de ugqirha amhlole aze anikwe imvume yokudlala.
Nantsi eminye imizekelo:
Uvavanyo kwindawo yokudlala
- Uvavanyo lwe-SAC (Uvavanyo oluQhelekileyo lwe-Concussion): Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya ngokukhawuleza imeko yengqondo yomdlali osebaleni okanye kwigumbi longxamiseko (ETU). Lubuza imibuzo elula malunga nezinto ezifana nomhla nexesha, inkumbulo, kunye nengqalelo.
- Uvavanyo lwe-SCAT 5 (Isixhobo soVavanyo lweNgxaki yeMidlalo 5): Olu vavanyo luneenkcukacha ezingaphezulu kune-SAC. Lunikwa abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka eli-13 ubudala. Lujonga izinto ezininzi, ezifana nokuma kwentamo, ukulinganisela umzimba, kunye noluhlu lweempawu. Kukwakho nohlobo olwahlukileyo (lwabantwana) lwabantwana.
- Uvavanyo lweKing-Devick: Oku kuquka ukufunda uthotho lwamakhadi aneenombolo ngokukhawuleza. Oku kwenziwa ngaphambi kokuba umdlalo uqale kwaye ixesha lirekhodwe. Oku kwenziwa kwakhona emva kokwenzakala entloko. Ukuba kuthatha imizuzwana emi-5 okanye ngaphezulu kunangaphambili, kunokuba luphawu lokuxhuzula.
Uvavanyo lweBalance
- Uvavanyo lwe-BESS (Inkqubo yokuBalance Error Scoring): Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ibhalansi yakho. Ucelwa ukuba ubambe izikhundla ezahlukeneyo kumphezulu ozinzileyo kunye nomphezulu ongazinzileyo (umz., kwi-foam mat) amehlo akho evaliwe imizuzwana engama-20. Ufumana amanqaku ngokusekelwe ekubeni ushukuma okanye uwe kangakanani.
Izikali zeempawu
- I-ACE (Uvavanyo lwe-Acute Concussion): Le yimibuzo esetyenziswa ngoogqirha. Iqokelela ulwazi oluninzi malunga neempawu ezingama-22, indlela eyenzeke ngayo ingozi, nokuba bekukho ukwenzakala entloko ngaphambili, kunye nezinye iimeko zonyango.
- Uvavanyo lwe-PCSS (Isikali seempawu emva kokuxinana kwengqondo): Kule meko, isigulana silinganisa iimpawu ezingama-21 ngokobunzima bazo (hayi konke konke, kancinci, kakhulu).
Uvavanyo lwe-Neurocognitive olusekhompyutheni
- Uvavanyo lwe-ImpPACT (Uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo emva kokuxinana kwengqondo kunye novavanyo lokuqonda):Olu luvavanyo olusebenzisa ikhompyutha lwabadlali abangaphezu kweminyaka eli-12 ubudala. Lufana nomdlalo wevidiyo. Lunokulinganisa izinto ezininzi, kuquka inkumbulo yokubona neyokuthetha, ixesha lokuphendula, kunye nesantya ingqondo ecubungula ngaso ulwazi.
Nokuba loluphi uvavanyo olwenziweyo, ugqirha uza kukuxilonga kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba afikelele kwisigqibo sokugqibela. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, banokuyalela i-MRI okanye i-CT scan ukujonga ukuba akukho gazi okanye imikrwelo engqondweni.
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho i-concussion ekhaya?
Okokuqala, khumbula ukuba ngugqirha kuphela onokuxilonga aze aqinisekise ukuba kukho isifo esixhuzulayo emzimbeni . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntu osondeleyo kuwe (umntwana, umzali) uyawa aze abetheke entloko, kukho izinto onokuziqokelela ngaphambi kokuba uye kugqirha. Ezi ziya kuba luncedo olukhulu kugqirha ekuxilongeni isifo.
Ungaze wenze ezi zinto, uhlale ekhaya uthi, "Owu... kulungile." Musa ukuthatha nayiphi na into ebuhlungu entloko kancinci. Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
Ungajonga ezi zinto zilandelayo uze wabelane ngalo lwazi nogqirha wakho:
- Buza imibuzo elula: mbuze igama lakhe, apho akhoyo, ixesha, umhla, kunye nokuba kwenzeke ntoni ngoku.
- Vavanya inkumbulo yakho: Cela omnye umntu ukuba athethe igama elilula (umz. "ihlabathi").
- Buza ngeempawu: Buza ukuba unentloko ebuhlungu, isiyezi, okanye isicaphucaphu.
- Jonga iintshukumo zamehlo: Jonga umnwe wakho uze uwucele ukuba uhambise omabini amehlo kwicala ahamba kulo. Jonga ukuba omabini amehlo ahamba kunye ngokufanelekileyo na.
- Utshintsho emzimbeni: Buza ukuba kukho na ukungaziva okanye ukuziva ungenabomi naphi na emzimbeni.
- Utshintsho kwintetho: Jonga ukuba ibali liyabhideka na okanye umntu uthetha ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
- Umfundi: Jonga ukuba abafundi bobabini balingana ngobukhulu okanye omnye mkhulu kunomnye.
- Utshintsho kwindlela aziphethe ngayo: Jonga ukuba ubonakala engonwabanga, ephazamisekile, okanye edidekile na kunesiqhelo.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokweziphumo zovavanyo?
Ukuba ugqirha uqinisekisa ukuba unesifo sokuxhuzula ingqondo, uza kukunika isicwangciso sokuchacha. Esi sicwangciso siza kuquka oku kulandelayo:
- Ukuphumla: Kufuneka uphumle kwaye ulale ngcono kunesiqhelo. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba uhlale ebhedini imini yonke. Ingqondo yakho nayo iyafuna ukuphumla. Oko kuthetha ukunciphisa ixesha olichitha ubukele iTV, usebenzisa ifowuni yakho, ufunda iincwadi, kwaye udlala imidlalo yekhompyutha.
- Ukuphepha izinto ezibangela iimpawu: Fumanisa ukuba zeziphi izinto ezenza intloko yakho ebuhlungu kunye nesiyezi zibe mandundu, kwaye uhlale kude nezo zinto okwethutyana.
- Ukuchacha kancinci kancinci: Njengoko iimpawu ziphela, ungabuyela kancinci kancinci kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo. Ukuba unomntwana, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokubuyela esikolweni kunye nexesha lokubuyela kwezemidlalo.
- Ukulungelelanisa: Kufuneka uthethe nootitshala besikolo kunye nabaqeqeshi bezemidlalo, uchaze imeko yomntwana, kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Nakuphi na ukubethwa entloko kunokuba yinto enkulu. Ungaze ukutyeshele njengokubethwa nje.
- Ukuxinwa yingqondo akuthethi ukuba umntu ulahlekelwe zingqondo. Ukonakala kwengqondo kunokwenzeka nokuba umntu ulahlekelwe zingqondo.
- Ukuba ubetheka entloko, ingakumbi ukuba uneempawu ezifana nentloko ebuhlungu, ukuhlanza, isiyezi, okanye ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuchacha emva kokuxinwa yingqondo kukuphumla ngokwasemzimbeni nangokwengqondo. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo.
- Musa ukubuyisela abantwana kwimidlalo, ingakumbi abo badlala imidlalo, de ugqirha athi "baphilile ngokupheleleyo."
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