Amehlo ethu afana neefestile ezimbini ezivulekela ihlabathi, akunjalo? Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ezi festile zimbini ziqala ukungacaci kakuhle. Ngenxa yengozi, usulelo, okanye ezinye iimeko zonyango, inwebu ecacileyo nencinci engaphambili kweliso lethu inokonakala. Le nxalenye, esebenza njengelensi yekhamera, ibizwa ngokuba yi-'cornea'. Xa le cornea yonakele, umbono wethu unokulahleka phantse ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke namhlanje siza kuthetha nge-'Cornea Transplant', esusa i-cornea eyonakeleyo ngotyando kwaye ifake i-cornea ephilileyo endaweni yayo, ivumela abantu abaninzi ukuba babone ihlabathi ngokucacileyo kwakhona.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ukufakelwa kwe-cornea?
Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'corneal transplant surgery'. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Keratoplasty" ngesiNgesi. Okwenzekayo koku kulula kakhulu. I-cornea yakho eyonakeleyo negulayo isuswa ngononophelo ngugqirha wamehlo. Emva koko, izicubu ze-cornea eziphilileyo ngokupheleleyo ezinikelwe ngumntu oswelekileyo ziyafakwa endaweni yazo.
Kufana nokususa iglasi yewotshi endala, ekrweliweyo uze uyitshintshe ngentsha. Emva kotyando, ukukhanya kuya kuqala ukungena kakuhle emehlweni akho kwakhona, kwaye umbono wakho ofipheleyo uya kucaca ngakumbi. Olu lutyando olutshintsha ubomi ngenene.
Ngubani omele enze olu tyando?
Kukho iimeko ezininzi apho ugqirha wakho wamehlo angacebisa olu tyando. Asinguye wonke umntu oludingayo. Oku kuqwalaselwa ikakhulu ukuba i-cornea yonakele kwaye ichaphazela kakhulu umbono wakho.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili:
- I-Fuchs' dystrophy: Le yimeko yemfuza. Iiseli ezikwimaleko engaphakathi ye-cornea ziyatshatyalaliswa kancinci kancinci. Oku kubangela ukuba i-cornea idumbe kwaye ingaboni kakuhle.
- I-Keratoconus: Kule meko, i-cornea iyabhitya ize ivuvuke phambili ngendlela efana nekhowuni. Oku kubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kombono.
- Izilonda ze-corneal: Iintsholongwane ezinzulu zinokubangela izilonda kwi-cornea. Nokuba ezi zilonda ziyaphola, zinokushiya amanxeba kwaye ziphazamise umbono ngokusisigxina.
- Ukwenzakala ngengozi: Ukuba into ibetha iliso, into ebukhali iyalihlaba ize yonakalise i-cornea.
- Umonakalo owenziwe kutyando lwamehlo lwangaphambili: Ngamanye amaxesha, i-cornea inokonakala emva kotyando oluthile, njengokususwa kwe-cataract.
- I-Bullous keratopathy: Le yimeko apho i-cornea idumba khona kwaye kuvele amadyungudyungu phezu komphezulu. Oku kunokubangela iintlungu zamehlo kunye nokulahlekelwa yimbono.
Ukuba unale meko, ugqirha wakho nguye oza kukuhlola aze enze isigqibo esifanelekileyo malunga nokuba uyafuna na ukufakelwa i-cornea okanye akunjalo.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi ntlobo zotyando?
Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo. Ngokungafaniyo nexesha elidlulileyo, ubuchwepheshe buhambele phambili kangangokuba unokukhetha utyando olufanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kubungakanani bomonakalo kwi-cornea yakho. I-cornea yethu ineengqimba ezintathu eziphambili zezicubu. Uhlobo lotyando luxhomekeke ekubeni loluphi na kwezi ngqimba olunyangwayo.
Jonga olu lwazi. Emva koko ungafumana umbono ongcono ngalo mba.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Kwenzeka ntoni nje? |
|---|---|
| Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea enobukhulu obupheleleyo (Penetrating Keratoplasty - PK) | Le yindlela yendabuko. Apha, ubukhulu bonke be-cornea, oko kukuthi, zonke iileya ezintathu, buyasuswa, i-cornea ephilileyo enobukhulu obufanayo iyatyalwa, kwaye iyalungiswa kusetyenziswa izititshi ezincinci. |
| I-Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK) | Ukuba umaleko wangaphakathi we-cornea yakho uphilile, olu tyando lunokwenziwa. Kule nkqubo, kuphela umaleko wangaphandle nowaphakathi owonakeleyo osuswayo kwaye izicubu eziphilileyo zityalwe endaweni yazo. Ekubeni umaleko wakho wangaphakathi ushiywe, umngcipheko wokungafunwa ngumzimba wakho uyancitshiswa. |
| I-Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSAEK/DMEK) | Ukuba umonakalo ungowomaleko ongaphakathi we-cornea (endothelium), olu tyando lwenziwa. Apha, kuphela umaleko omncinci owonakeleyo osuswayo kwaye umaleko ophilileyo utyalwa endaweni yawo. Oku kubandakanya ukuthungwa okumbalwa kakhulu. |
Ingcali yokufakelwa kwe-endothelial
Kuzo zombini utyando lwe-'DSAEK' kunye ne-'DMEK', oogqirha basebenzisa iqhinga elincinci lokubamba i-membrane esandul' ukufakelwa endaweni yayo ngaphakathi kweliso. Oko kukuthi, bafaka i-bubble yomoya elisweni. Khawuthelekelele, njengaxa sibeka ipowusta eludongeni size siyibambe okwethutyana, le bubble yomoya ityhala i-membrane entsha ngaphakathi kweliso. Emva koko iyanamathela kwaye ihlale endaweni yayo.
Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ugqirha ucebisa ukuba ulale phantsi ubuso bakho bujonge phezulu (ujonge phezulu) kangangoko kunokwenzeka kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa emva kotyando. Oku kuya kuvumela ibhamuza lomoya ukuba lihlale endaweni yalo kwaye lenze umsebenzi walo ngokufanelekileyo.
Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Kukho amalungiselelo amancinci ngaphambi kotyando. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi ezi zinto kwangethuba.
- Ukuthetha nogqirha: Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngembali yakho epheleleyo yezonyango. Thembeka ngazo naziphi na ezinye izifo onazo, amayeza owasebenzisayo, kunye nee-allergies.
- Ukuyeka Amayeza: Ngamanye amaxesha, unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile, anje ngamayeza okunciphisa igazi, kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando. Soloko usenza oku njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele.
- Ukuzila Ukutya: Uza kuxelelwa ukuba zingaphi iiyure ekufuneka uzile ukutya ngaphambi kotyando. Emva koko, ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na.
- Ezothutho: Awuyi kukwazi ukuqhuba imoto yakho emva kotyando, ngoko ke yenza amalungiselelo kwangaphambili okuba umntu akuqhubele ekhaya.
Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kotyando?
Utyando ludla ngokuthatha ngaphantsi kweeyure ezimbini. Emva koko uza kusiwa kwicandelo lokujonga kwaye uvunyelwe ukuba ugoduke kungekudala emva koko. Kuya kufuneka uzinyamekele ezi zinto emva kokuba ugodukile.
- Ipetshi Yamehlo: Xa ubuya ekhaya uvela esibhedlele, uza kunikwa ipetshi yamehlo. Ufanele uyinxibe kanye ngenani leentsuku ugqirha wakho akuxelele zona. Oku kuya kukhusela amehlo akho.
- Intlungu nokungakhululeki: Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, amehlo akho anokuba bomvu kancinci, arhawuzelele, kwaye abe novelwano ekukhanyeni. Oku kuqhelekile. Ungathatha amayeza okudambisa iintlungu achazwe ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukulandelela: Ugqirha uza kufuna ukukubona kwakhona kwiiyure ezingama-24-48 emva kotyando. Apho, ibala liza kususwa kwaye iliso liza kuhlolwa ukuba liyaphola na.
- Amaconsi Amehlo: Usenokunikwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamaconsi amehlo ukunceda iliso lakho liphile. Ezi ziquka amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo, kunye ne -corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukudumba nokuthintela umzimba ukuba ungalamkeli i-cornea etyaliweyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa la mayeza ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye lonke ixesha elimiselweyo .
- Izinto ekufuneka uziphephe: Ziphephe izinto ezifuna amandla, ezifana nokuphakamisa izinto ezinzima, ukugoba, njl.njl. ezinokubangela ukudinwa kwamehlo. Ziphephe naziphi na iingozi zokufumana nantoni na esweni lakho.
- Musa ukuhlikihla amehlo akho: nangasiphi na isizathuMusa ukuhlikihla okanye ukucinezela iliso lakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokuphazamisa ukuphiliswa kwaye konakalise i-cornea etyaliweyo.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Njengalo naluphi na utyando, ukufakelwa kwe-cornea kuneenzuzo kunye neengozi ezithile.
Iingenelo eziphambili
Inzuzo ephambili kukubuyiselwa kombono ocacileyo . Abantu abaninzi banokuqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo yemihla ngemihla ngokulula, njengokufunda nokubukela umabonwakude, emva kolu tyando. Kwabanye, olu tyando lukwanceda ekunciphiseni iintlungu zamehlo.
Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka
Eyona ngozi inkulu neyona inzima yokufakelwa i-cornea kukwaliwa kwamalungu omzimba.
Inkqubo yomzimba wethu yokuzikhusela ifana nomkhosi kwilizwe. Icinga ukuba nantoni na evela ngaphandle lutshaba ize iyihlasele. Ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha, umzimba wethu ucinga ukuba le cornea intsha nayo 'ingumntu wasemzini' ize iqale ukusebenza nxamnye nayo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba kukwaliwa.
Ukuze unciphise lo mngcipheko, kufuneka usebenzise amaconsi amehlo ixesha elide.
Ukongeza, ezinye iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ziquka:
- Usulelo lwamehlo
- Ukopha
- Uxinzelelo lwamehlo oluphezulu (iGlaucoma)
- Ukuvuza kolwelo oluvela kwi-cornea etyaliweyo
- I-retina ehlukanisiweyo
- Iingxaki zokubona ngenxa yokugoba okungacwangciswanga kwe-cornea (Astigmatism)
Zithini iimpawu ukuba umzimba uyayilahla i-cornea?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule . Ukuba umzimba wakho uyayilahla i-cornea yakho etyaliweyo, ukuqaphela iimpawu kunye nokufumana unyango kwangethuba kunokukunceda ugcine ukubona kwakho. Gcina ezi mpawu engqondweni:
- Intlungu yamehlo: Ukuqala kwentlungu entsha.
- Ububomvu: Iliso liba bomvu ngakumbi kunesiqhelo.
- Umbono onamafu: Umbono uba lufifi kwakhona.
- Ukuva ukukhanya: Ukuziva ungakhululekanga kakhulu ukujonga ukukhanya.
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, fowunela ugqirha wamehlo wakho ngoko nangoko. Musa ukulibazisa. Ukuba unyango luqalwe kwangethuba, kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba utshintshe le nkqubo yokwaliwa.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo?
Ixesha eliza kuthatha ukuba oku kwenzeke liya kwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo.
- Ukuba kwenziwe utyando olupheleleyo (PK) , kuya kuthatha malunga neenyanga ezili-12 ukuze kuphinde kubekho ukubona okupheleleyo.Ungahamba. Kuba nezithungo ziyasuswa emva kwexesha elithile.
- Ukuba kwenziwe utyando lwe-endothelial (DMEK/DSAEK) , umbono olungileyo unokufezekiswa kwisithuba seenyanga ezi-3 .
Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngezinto ezinjengokuqhuba imoto nokuya emsebenzini uze wenze isigqibo ngokusekelwe kwicebiso lakhe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea kukutshintsha i-cornea eyonakeleyo nge-cornea ephilileyo. Oku kunokubuyisela umbono ofipheleyo.
- Ugqirha wakho wamehlo uza kukhetha uhlobo lotyando olulungele wena.
- Ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha emva kotyando, ingakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwamathontsi emehlweni, kubalulekile ukuze utyando luphumelele.
- Soloko ujonge iimpawu zokungamkeleki, ezinje ngeentlungu zamehlo, ukuba bomvu, ukubona okungapheliyo okungaqondakaliyo, okanye ukuva ukukhanya. Ukuba ubona nayiphi na kwezi, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Kuthatha ixesha ukuchacha ngokupheleleyo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nomonde kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho.
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