Ngaba uyayazi le ngqayi incinci eliso lakho? Masithethe nge-cornea!

Xa ujonga iliso lakho esipilini, kukho indawo ecacileyo, egobileyo ebonakala njengeglasi ngaphambili, akunjalo? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-cornea. Njengefestile yemoto, oku kufana nesikhuselo esikhuselayo esithintela izinto ezinje ngothuli kunye neentsholongwane ukuba zingangeni emehlweni ethu. Kwakhona, imo yale cornea ibaluleke kakhulu ukuba siyibone ngokucacileyo.

I-cornea iphambi kwegumbi elizaliswe lulwelo ngaphakathi kweliso (igumbi elingaphambili). Ecaleni kwayo kukho iris kunye ne-pupil. Inxalenye emhlophe yeliso ejikeleze i-cornea ibizwa ngokuba yi-sclera. Ekubeni i-cornea ingumkhuseli wokuqala weliso lethu, inokonakala ngokulula ziingozi kunye nokwenzakala. Kodwa into emangalisayo kukuba i-cornea inokuziphilisa ngokukhawuleza, nokuba kukwenzakala okuncinci.

Zithini iileya ze-cornea?

Khawuthelekelele ukuba le cornea incinci ineeleya ezintandathu (6) ezibekwe phezu kwenye. Njengeglasi elaminethiweyo, ezi leya zisebenza kunye ukuqinisa i-cornea.

• I-Epithelium: Le yilaphu engaphandle ye-cornea. Isebenza njengodonga, ithintela iintsholongwane nothuli ukuba lungangeni elisweni. Le laphu inovelwano kakhulu kwiintlungu. Kuthiwa inee-receptor zentlungu eziphindwe ka-300-600 apha kunesikhumba sethu. Yiyo loo nto nokuba lisuntswana elincinci lothuli linokubangela iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo emehlweni ethu. Loo mvakalelo ikhusela amehlo ethu.

• Umaleko kaBowman: Olu lulwaleko oluqinileyo olwenziwe nge-collagen. Lunceda i-cornea igcine imo yayo.

• I-Stroma: Le yeyona maleko ityebileyo ye-cornea. Ayigcini nje ngokuqinisa i-cornea, kodwa ikwanceda ekubuyiseleni ukukhanya okungena elisweni kwaye ikujolise ngokuchanekileyo kwi-retina.

• Umaleko kaPre-Descemet (PDL): Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba "ngumaleko kaDua." Uphando lubonise ukuba lo ngumqobo onamandla ongenakudlula nomoya. Lo ngumaleko omtsha ngokwenene, owafunyanwa ngo-2013.

• Umaleko kaDescemet: Lo ngumaleko omncinci, othambileyo, kodwa oqinileyo kakhulu. Ubaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni ingaphakathi leliso ekonakalisweni nasekosulelekeni.

• I-Endothelium: Olu layer luxanduva olukhulu lokugcina ulungelelwano lolwelo ngaphakathi kwe-cornea. Lulawula ubungakanani bamanzi afunekayo ukuze i-stroma isebenze kakuhle.

Izifo kunye neengxaki ezichaphazela kakhulu i-cornea

Nangona ikhusela amehlo ethu, i-cornea inokuba semngciphekweni wezifo ezahlukeneyo, ukwenzakala, kunye nosulelo.

• Iliso elomileyo:I-epithelium, eyinxalenye engaphandle ye-cornea, ifuna iinyembezi ukuze isebenze kakuhle. Iinyembezi ziyathambisa iliso kwaye zincede ukuba lifunxe ioksijini emoyeni. Amehlo omileyo abuhlungu kwaye anokuphazamisana nokubona.

• Iintsholongwane: Ukuba kukho umonakalo kumphezulu we-cornea, iintsholongwane - kuquka iintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, iifungi kunye neeparasite - zinokungena ngokulula zibangele iintsholongwane.

• I-Keratitis: Iintsholongwane, iingozi, kunye nezinye izifo zinokubangela ukuba i-cornea idumbe, ibomvu, kwaye ibe buhlungu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-keratitis.

• Ukwenzakala: Njengefestile yemoto, i-cornea ingonakaliswa zizinto zangaphandle. Oku kunokubangela ukukrweleka, ukukrazuka, kunye nezilonda.

• Umonakalo kwindalo: Ukubanda kakhulu, ubushushu, iikhemikhali (ulwelo okanye igesi), kunye nemitha ye-UV zingonakalisa i-cornea.

• Izifo zoLwakhiwo (iDystrophies): Ezinye izifo zibangela utshintsho kwimo kunye nolwakhiwo lwe-cornea. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-'corneal dystrophies'. I-Keratoconus kunye ne-Fuchs' dystrophy zizifo ezimbini ezinjalo.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zezi meko?

Iindlela zonyango ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwingxaki ye-cornea. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba unyango olufanele imeko yakho.

• Unyango Olulula: Ukuba amehlo awomile kancinci okanye akakhululekanga, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa into efana namaconsi alula emehlweni.
• Amayeza: Amayeza asetyenziswa, ingakumbi kwizinto ezifana nosulelo. La mayeza angeza ngendlela yamaconsi okanye amafutha okugcoba amehlo, okanye njengeepilisi ozithathayo.
• Ukupeyinta amehlo: Ngamanye amaxesha unokucelwa ukuba unxibe ipeyinta yamehlo ukuze ukhusele iliso lakho de i-cornea iphole.
• Utyando lwelaser: Uhlobo lotyando lokulungisa umbono. Apha, kusetyenziswa umqadi welaser ukutshintsha imo ye-cornea. I-LASIK luhlobo lotyando olwaziwayo.
• Utyando lwamehlo: Kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kulungiswe umonakalo kwi-cornea okanye kulungiswe iimeko ezithile zempilo.
• Ukufakelwa kwe-cornea: Ekuhambeni kwexesha, i-cornea inokuba namafu okanye ingakwazi ukugoba ukukhanya kakuhle. Kwiimeko ezinzima, i-cornea eyonakeleyo inokufuneka isuswe kwaye kufakwe i-cornea ephilileyo.

Ungayikhusela njani i-cornea yakho kwiingozi?

“Ukuthintela kungcono kunonyango,” batsho. Oko kuyinyaniso nge-100% emehlweni ethu. Ukunxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko okanye iiglasi zeglasi yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukhusela i-cornea kwiingozi. Le nto incinci inokuthintela umonakalo omkhulu onokwenzeka ngomzuzwana.

Qiniseka ukuba unxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko ngamaxesha anje:

• Xa usebenza ngoomatshini nezixhobo: Nokuba usebenzisa izixhobo ezincinci zesandla ekhaya, kubalulekile xa usebenza ngento efana ne-grinder okanye i-drill.
• Xa usebenza egadini: Xa ucheba ingca okanye usebenzisa i-chainsaw, amatye amancinci, uthuli, kunye neziqwenga zengca zinokubhabha emehlweni akho.
• Xa usebenzisa iikhemikhali: Nokuba uzisebenzisa ngononophelo kangakanani na iimveliso zokucoca indlu ezifana ne-bleach kunye ne-toilet cleaner, zisenokungena emehlweni akho.
• Xa usebenza ngomlilo nobushushu obugqithisileyo: Khusela amehlo akho kumsi nobushushu obuvela emlilweni.
• Ngexesha lokudlala: Kwimidlalo kudlalwa ngebhola ehamba ngesantya esiphezulu, efana nekhilikithi, ithenisi, kunye nehoki.
• Xa ubekwe elangeni eligqithisileyo: Xa uselunxwemeni okanye kwindawo enekhephu, imisebe ye-UV ebonakala emanzini nakwikhephu inokutshisa i-cornea. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -photokeratitis . Sebenzisa iiglasi zelanga ezine-UV protection efanelekileyo.

Wenza ntoni ukuba kukho into efika elisweni lakho?

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ungoyiki xa into efana nesuntswana lothuli okanye uthuli ingena esweni lakho. Nazi izinto omele uzenze nongamele uzenze.

Ukuba unale mpawu, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza!

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, musa ukuzityeshela. Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.

• Utshintsho kumbono: ukubona kabini, ukubona okufipheleyo, ukubona okugqwethekileyo.
• Ukulahlekelwa ngumbono ngequbuliso.
• Ukuziva into ebambeke elisweni (nokuba iyabonakala okanye ayibonakali).
• Intlungu ebuhlungu yamehlo.
• Ukunkcenkceshela amehlo rhoqo (i-epiphora).
• Ukungakwazi ukujonga ukukhanya (photophobia).
• Ubomvu okanye ukudumba kwamehlo.
• Ukubetheka kweliso.
• Inxeba elibonakalayo, ukukrweleka, okanye ukunqunyulwa kumphezulu weliso.