Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba xa ukhohlela kakhulu, kuphuma igazi elincinci lixutywe ne-mucus? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye wothukile xa ubona into enjalo. Usenokucinga, "Owu, ngaba ndinento enzulu?" Kodwa eneneni, uninzi lwexesha, oku akuyonto yokoyika. Nangona kunjalo, ukwazi kakuhle ukuba yintoni le, kutheni yenzeka, kwaye xa kufuneka sikhathazeke ngayo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze ube noxolo lwengqondo nempilo yakho.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-hemoptysis (ukukhwehlela igazi)?
Ngamafutshane, oku kukuphuma kwegazi kwinxalenye esezantsi yenkqubo yakho yokuphefumla, oko kuthetha ukuba kuvela emiphungeni okanye emqaleni . Eli gazi liphuma xa ukhwehlela lidla ngokuba namagwebu kwaye libe namaqhubu. Oku kungenxa yokuba liphuma lixutywe ne-mucus kunye namathe. Ngamanye amaxesha libonakala lipinki, libomvu kancinci, okanye linombala ofana nomhlwa. Uninzi lwexesha, lincinci kakhulu .
Kodwa, oku kwahlukile ekuhlanzeni igazi. Makhe sijonge oko.
Ngaba ukukhohlela igazi nokuhlanza igazi yinto enye?
Ewe, le yindawo apho abantu abaninzi badideka khona. Ezi meko zimbini zahlukile ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukukhohlela igazi (iHemoptysis): Oku kuvela kwindlela yakho yokuphefumla (imiphunga, umphimbo). Ngokuqhelekileyo kuba yingcosana yegwebu, exutywe ne-mucus kunye namathe.
- I-Hematemesis: Oku kuvela kwinxalenye ephezulu yenkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya (isisu, amathumbu amancinci). Ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya igazi elininzi eliphuma ngaxeshanye. Oku kudla ngokuba luphawu lokopha ngaphakathi.
Ukuba uhlanza igazi, kufuneka kuthathwe njengengxamiseko kwaye kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Kungcono ungalibazisi.
Ngaba le yimeko enzima?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo ithi "ewe, kunokwenzeka" kwaye ithi "hayi, kunokwenzeka." Kuxhomekeke ngokupheleleyo kwisizathu sokuba wophe igazi kunye nobungakanani begazi.
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwezizathu azizizo ezinzulu kwaye zinokunyangwa kwaye zinyangeke lula. Umzekelo, ukukhwehlela okuqinileyo kunokubangela ukusikeka okuncinci emqaleni kwaye kubangele ukuphuma kwegazi elincinci. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba luphawu losulelo olunzima okanye imeko enzima, njengomhlaza wemiphunga. Kwakhona, ukukhwehlela igazi elininzi ngaxeshanye kunokuba yingozi ebomini.
Khumbula, nokuba yintoni na imbangela, ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukuxelela ubunzulu bemeko. Ngoko ke, bubulumko ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha kunokuqikelela.
Zithini izizathu zokukhohlela igazi?
Zininzi izizathu. Masizahlule zibe zeziqhelekileyo nezingaqhelekanga. Le theyibhile iza kukunika ukuqonda okungcono.
| Unobangela | Inkcazo emfutshane |
|---|---|
| Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zihlala zibonwa | |
| I-Bronchitis | Usulelo lwendlela yokuphefumla. Kuqhelekile ukukhwehlela ukukhupha umhluzi. |
| Ukukrala kwemiphunga | Usulelo olunzima emiphungeni. |
| Isifo sephepha | Usulelo lwebhaktheriya oluchaphazela imiphunga. |
| Ezinye izizathu ezinokubakho | |
| I-Bronchiectasis | Ukwandiswa okungapheliyo kweendlela zomoya emiphungeni. |
| Ukubethelwa kweMiphunga | Le yimeko enzima kakhulu efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. |
| I-COPD (Isifo Esingapheliyo Sokuthintelwa Kwemiphunga) | Isifo semiphunga esihlala ixesha elide, ingakumbi esixhaphakileyo kubantu abatshayayo. |
| Umhlaza wemiphunga | Umngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kubantu abatshayayo abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40 ubudala. |
| Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo edibeneyo | Ukuqokelelana kolwelo emiphungeni ngenxa yokusebenza kakubi kwentliziyo. |
| Ukusetyenziswa kwezithinti zegazi | Abantu abasebenzisa la mayeza banamathuba amaninzi okopha. |
| Into yangaphandle ibambeke kwindlela yomoya | Ixhaphake kakhulu phakathi kwabantwana abancinci. |
Ugqirha ufumana njani unobangela woku?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze imibuzo embalwa.
- Lingakanani igazi elilahlekileyo?
- Le meko ikho ixesha elingakanani?
- Uphuma igazi kangaphi ngemini?
- Ingakanani igazi elixutywe ne-mucus?
- Ingaba uyatshaya? Ngaba kukho ezinye iimpawu?
Ngokusekelwe kwiimpendulo zakho kule mibuzo, ugqirha wakho unokufumana umbono ocacileyo wesizathu. Emva koko, banokwenza iimvavanyo ezithile ukuqinisekisa unobangela, ezifana nezi:
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukujonga ithumba, ulwelo, okanye ezinye iingxaki emiphungeni.
- I-CT scan yesifuba: Ukujonga ngokunzulu into ebonwe kwi-X-ray.
- I-Bronchoscopy: Uvavanyo apho ityhubhu encinci enekhamera idluliselwa khona kwiindlela zomoya ukuze kuchongwe umthombo wokopha.
- Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (CBC): Lujonga ukuba lingakanani na igazi elilahlekileyo emzimbeni kunye nokuba kukho na iimpawu zosulelo.
- Ukukhula kwesikhohlela: Thatha isampulu yesikhohlela ukuze ujonge izinto ezibangela usulelo ezifana neebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane.
- Uvavanyo lokujiya kwegazi: Uhlola naziphi na iingxaki zokujiya kwegazi.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kubungakanani bokopha kunye nesizathu soko.
Ukuba ukopha kukhulu:
Ukuba ulahlekelwa ligazi elininzi ngaxeshanye, uza kungeniswa kwigumbi lonyango oluphezulu (ICU) kwaye into yokuqala eza kwenziwa kukulawula ukopha. Oku kuya kubandakanya i-bronchoscopy.Kungenziwa ukususa amahlwili egazi okanye kwenziwe unyango olubizwa ngokuba yiBronchial Artery Embolization , oluvala umthambo wegazi.
Unyango ngokwesizathu:
Xa ukopha kulawulekile, okanye ukuba ukopha kuncinci, ugqirha uya kumisela unyango olusekelwe kwisizathu.
- Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba unobangela lusulelo olubangelwa yintsholongwane olufana ne-pneumonia okanye isifo sephepha.
- IiSteroids: Ukuba unobangela kukudumba.
- Utyando kunye nonyango lomhlaza: Ukuba unobangela sisimila somhlaza emiphungeni.
Ngaba kufuneka ndibone ugqirha ngoko nangoko?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Kunini apho sifanele sikuthathe oku njengengxamiseko?
Ukuba wopha ngaphezu kweitisipuni ezimbalwa, okanye ukuba wopha ixesha elingaphezu kweveki, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha.
Ukuba uphuma igazi unezi mpawu zilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
| Qaphela! Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko. | |
|---|---|
| Ifiva | Ubunzima bokuphefumla |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | Ukwehla kobunzima ngequbuliso okanye ngokukhawuleza |
| Ukubila ebusuku | Ukudinwa okanye ukuquleka |
| Igazi kumchamo okanye kwindle | |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Igazi elincinci xa ukhohlela lidla ngokuba libi kakhulu, kodwa musa ukulibetha ngoyaba.
- Ukuba ukopha kugqithisile, okanye ukuba kuhlala ixesha elingaphezu kweveki, okanye ukuba unezinye iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye umkhuhlane, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo nokufumana unyango olufanelekileyo. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukuya kugqirha.
- I-Hemoptysis kunye ne-hematemesis ziimeko ezimbini. Ukuhlanza igazi kunye nokukhohlela igazi kunokuba yingxamiseko enkulu.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Zeziphi izifo ezibekelwe iipilisi zeNisoldipine (Nisoldipine / Sular)?
Le yiCalcium Channel Blocker (CCB) eyenzelwe ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Yenye yeepilisi zoxinzelelo lwegazi ezinamandla kakhulu emhlabeni! Eyona nto ikhethekileyo yile yokuba inefuthe eliphantsi kakhulu kwisingqisho sentliziyo kunezinye iipilisi (CCB) (Vascular Selectivity). Ke ngoko, ayiyonakalisi intliziyo, kodwa isebenza ngokuthe ngqo ekuphumzeni imithambo yegazi.
💬 Ukusela le pilisi yoxinzelelo lwegazi (iNisoldipine) kukunciphisa njani uxinzelelo lwegazi?
Ukuze umthambo wegazi unciphe/unciphe kwaye uxinzelelo lunyuke, amasuntswana 'eCalcium' kufuneka angene kwimisipha yomthambo wegazi! Kwangoko nje eli yeza lingena egazini, livala/livale kwaye litshixe zonke iingcango zecalcium (iitshaneli zecalcium zohlobo lwe-L) kuloo mithambo yegazi nge-100%! Ekubeni icalcium ingangeni, umthambo wegazi awunciphe kwaye ukhululeke kakhulu (iVasodilation). Emva koko igazi lihamba ngokulula kwaye uxinzelelo luyehla.
💬 Zithini iziphumo ezingathandekiyo zokusebenzisa eli yeza (iNisoldipine)? Kutheni kusithiwa akufanele ulisebenzise kunye nokutya/amafutha (isidlo esinamafutha amaninzi)?
Eyona ngxaki inkulu kukuba akufuneki utye 'isidlo esinamafutha amaninzi' ngelixa usela le pilisi! Ukuba wenza njalo, ukufunxwa kweyeza emzimbeni kunokunyuka/kwehla ngokungaqhelekanga (Ukufakwa okutshintshiweyo) kwaye uxinzelelo lunokwehla ekugqibeleni kwaye ungafa. Ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinkulu kukuba oku ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kubangela 'ukudumba kwamaqatha/imilenze (i-Peripheral Edema)' kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza/ukubomvu kobuso (i-Reflex tachycardia/Flushing).
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