Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci uyagungqa ngaphandle kokudlala ngazo naziphi na izinto zokudlala ezishiywe ekhaya, akhwele ezitulweni, atsibe esofeni, aze agungqa ngaphandle kokumamela into oyithethayo? Nangona kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba abantwana abancinci bagungqa, ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uvakalelwa kukuba oku gungqa kukhulu kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukukulawula? Njengomzali , kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba uzive ukhathazekile ngale nto. Ke namhlanje, masithethe malunga nokuba oku gungqa okugqithisileyo, ukungazinzi, kunye nokungabikho kwengqwalasela kunokuba luphawu lwesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-ADHD.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-ADHD?
I-ADHD, okanye i-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder , yimeko yokuziphatha enxulunyaniswa nokukhula kobuntwana. Ineempawu ezintathu eziphambili: ukungakwazi ukunikel’ ingqalelo, ukusebenza kakhulu, kunye nokungakhathali .
Ezi mpawu zihlala zibonakala xa usesikolweni. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokuxilonga i-ADHD kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 ubudala? Enyanisweni, isithathu kwisithathu sabantwana abafunyaniswe bene-ADHD ngabantwana abasaqalayo. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku, endaweni yokukugqala njengento "embi" okanye "embi."
Ziziphi iimpawu zokuba umntwana wam usenokuba ne-ADHD?
Umntwana one-ADHD uhlala kwindawo enye kunabanye abantwana abalingana naye. Akakwazi kulinda ithuba lakhe, utsiba aye phambili emgceni, utsiba xa kukho umntu othethayo. Ngaba uyayibona le ndlela yokuziphatha kumntwana wakho?
Kodwa khumbula, ukuba nenye okanye ezimbini kwezi mpawu akuthethi ukuba umntwana wakho une-ADHD. Ukuze ugqirha afumanise ukuba le yimeko, ezi mpawu kufuneka zibe khona ubuncinane iinyanga ezi-6 . Kwaye ezi ndlela zokuziphatha kufuneka zibonwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, njengasekhaya, esikolweni sabantwana abancinci, naxa udlala ngaphandle.
Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ze-ADHD ezinokubonwa kumntwana okwisikolo sabantwana abancinci. Jonga ukuba ezi mpawu ziyafana na nomntwana wakho.
| Uphawu/Ukuziphatha | Ithetha ukuba... |
|---|---|
| Ukungafuni ukuhlala kumsebenzi omnye ngaphezulu kwemizuzu emihlanu. | Ukuba ubanika incwadi yokufaka imibala, baza kuyilahla ecaleni kwimizuzu emibini okanye emithathu baze baqale ukwenza enye into. Abathandi ukumamela ibali. |
| Ukuthetha nokwenza ingxolo engaphezulu kunabanye abantwana. | Bahlala bethetha kwaye bekhwaza, nokuba badlala. Kunzima ukuhlala bethule nokuba kufuneka bathule. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yingqwalasela ngokukhawuleza emsebenzini. | Badlala ngethoyi baze ngequbuliso bayibeke ecaleni baze babaleke. Abenzi msebenzi ude ugqitywe. |
| Ngaso sonke ixesha ndikhwela phezu kwezinto. | Kungekuphela nje kwizitulo, iitafile, neesofa, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha bade bazame ukunyuka ngendlela eyingozi kwiikhabhathi nakwiifestile. |
| Ukulimala rhoqo ngenxa yokusebenza ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. | Ngenxa yokuba bahlala bebaleka betsiba, bahlala bewa, bengqubana nezinto, baze bonzakale. |
| Ukuziphatha ngendlela eyingozi. | Batsibela endleleni bengajonganga ndlela, bazama ukutsiba besuka kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, baze badlale ngezinto eziyingozi. |
| Ukungaphumeleli ukulandela imiyalelo. | Nokuba uthetha into elula efana nokuthi “Ndinike loo bhola,” abamameli kwaye benze enye into. Asikuko ukuba abakuthobeli, kodwa kungenxa yokuba abakuniki ngqalelo. |
| Ukuphazamisa intetho okanye umsebenzi wabanye. | Ungena ngaphakathi xa uthetha nomnye umntu, kwaye uphazamisa abanye abantwana ngelixa bedlala. |
Ugqirha ugqiba njani oku?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho une-ADHD, eyona nto ingcono kukubonana nogqirha wezingane.Ukubona ugqirha onolwazi ngale nto. Ugqirha akaxilongi oku ngovavanyo lwegazi. Basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza njalo.
Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kukubuza, utata womntwana, utitshala wesikolo sabantwana abancinci, kunye nabanye abantu abadala abamkhathalelayo umntwana kakhulu malunga nokuziphatha komntwana. Ugqirha uza kuthetha nomntwana aze ajonge indlela aziphatha ngayo umntwana.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngamanye amaxesha iingxaki zokubona, zokuva, zokuthetha, okanye zokulala zinokubonakala ngathi yi-ADHD. Yiyo loo nto ugqirha wakho eza kuqala angazifumani ezinye izizathu.
Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha uya kulandela la manyathelo:
- Sithetha nzulu ngendlela umntwana aziphethe ngayo kunye nembali yakhe yezonyango ekhaya nakwisikolo sabantwana abancinci.
- Buza ngeempawu ezikukhathazayo.
- Iimibuzo zisetyenziselwa ukuvavanya indlela umntwana aziphethe ngayo .
- Uvavanyo lwempilo lwenziwa ukujonga ezinye iimeko zonyango ngaphandle kwe-ADHD.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyibona le meko kwangethuba, kuba emva koko, kwinqanaba lokuqala lokukhula kwengqondo yomntwana, unokufundiswa izakhono, ukuziphatha okuhle, kunye neendlela zokujongana neengxaki azidingayo.
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-ADHD kumntwana okwisikolo samabanga aphantsi?
Nantsi into ekufuneka niyazi njengabazali. Ukuba umntwana okwiminyaka yokuqala yokungena esikolweni une-ADHD, iingcali ziya kuqala zicebise unyango lokuziphatha , hayi amayeza .
Olu nyango lokuziphatha aluyonto nje eyenziwayo kumntwana. Lukwabonelela ngoqeqesho kunye neengcebiso kuwe, mzali. Lukufundisa iindlela eziza kukunceda ulawule ukuziphatha komntwana wakho, umfundise imikhwa emihle, kwaye wakhe ukuzithemba kwakhe.
- Unyango Lokudlala: Ingcali yonyango inceda umntwana ukuba athethe ngeengcinga neemvakalelo zakhe ngelixa edlala ngazo.
- Unyango Lokuthetha: Ukuthetha nomntwana nokumnceda ngeengxaki zakhe zengqondo.
- Uqeqesho Lwabazali: Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Uza kufundiswa indlela yokulawula ukuziphatha komntwana wakho, indlela yokumisela imida yomntwana wakho, kunye nendlela yokuvuza ukuziphatha okuhle.
Olu qeqesho lufuna ixesha nomgudu, kodwa iziphumo zexesha elide zifanelekile.
Awuzundinika amayeza ke?
Kuphela xa unyango lokuziphatha lungaziphuculi iimpawu eziqatha zomntwana wakho, ugqirha wakho angagqiba ekubeni anike amayeza. Eli yeza lidla ngokuqaliswa emva kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala.
La mayeza asebenza ngokuvuselela umsebenzi weekhemikhali ezithile engqondweni (ii-neurotransmitters). Ugqirha uya kuqala rhoqo ngedosi ephantsi kakhulu . Ukuba kuyimfuneko, idosi iya kulungiswa kamva.
La mayeza awanazo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Angabandakanya ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, ukwehla kobunzima, ukungalali kakuhle, kunye nokulibaziseka kokukhula. Nangona kunjalo, izifundo ezininzi zibonise ukuba ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga ziyaphela emva kokuba amayeza eyeke.
Isigqibo sokunika okanye ukunganiki amayeza sisigqibo esibucayi kakhulu. Esi asisosigqibo omele usenze wedwa. Thetha nogqirha womntwana wakho nize nigqibe kunye ukuba yintoni elungele umntwana wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-ADHD ayingomntwana "ombi" okanye "ongenambeko". Yimeko yokwenyani efuna unyango.
- Ukuba ukhathazekile ngendlela umntwana wakho aziphatha ngayo, musa ukulinda nje uze ubone, kodwa qhagamshelana nogqirha wabantwana ngokukhawuleza.
- Unyango lokuqala nolona lubalaseleyo kubantwana abakwiminyaka yokuqala yesikolo lunyango lokuziphatha, kwaye ukubandakanyeka kwabazali kubalulekile.
- Amayeza lukhetho lwesibini, kwaye afanele asetyenziswe kuphela xa kukho iimpawu ezinzima kwaye ejongwe ngugqirha. Xoxa nogqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na izigqibo malunga noku.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho