Ngaba nawe uneenguqu kwimo yakho? Masithethe ngeCyclothymia!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi iimvakalelo zakho zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza? Ngomzuzu omnye usebenza ngomdla omkhulu, kwaye ngomzuzu olandelayo awufuni kwenza nto. Mhlawumbi nawe unomdla wokufunda ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'cyclothymia.' Nangona esi sisihloko esinzima kancinci, masizame ukusiqonda ngokulula.

Yintoni iCyclothymia?

Ngamafutshane, i-cyclothymic disorder luhlobo olungephi lwe-bipolar disorder. Nangona kunjalo, inokubangela ukuba ube notshintsho oluqhelekileyo lweemvakalelo, njengamaxesha onwabe kakhulu okanye ukusebenza kakhulu (ngokwezonyango okubizwa ngokuba yi-hypomania) kunye namaxesha oxinzelelo olungephi.

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva nge-bipolar disorder. Yimeko yengqondo ehlala ubomi bonke. Ibangela utshintsho olukhulu kwimo yengqondo yomntu, amanqanaba amandla akhe, indlela acinga ngayo, kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe. Olu tshintsho lunokuhlala iintsuku, iiveki, okanye iinyanga. Lunokuphazamisa kakhulu imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla.

Umntu one-cyclothymia ufumana amaxesha okutshintshana kwe-hypomania kunye nokudakumba okuncinci ubuncinane iminyaka emibini . Olu tshintsho lweemvakalelo lunokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, nangaliphi na ixesha. Umzekelo, unokufumana utshintsho lweemvakalelo ukususela kusasa ukuya ngokuhlwa ngaloo mini inye. Ngamanye amaxesha unokufumana ixesha elifutshane leemvakalelo eziqhelekileyo (silibiza ngokuba yi-euthymia, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho lusizi kakhulu okanye lonwabo kakhulu, kodwa yinto eqhelekileyo). Kodwa elo xesha lihlala lingaphantsi kweeveki ezisibhozo.

Ngubani ofumana isifo se-cyclothymic?

Izihlandlo ezininzi, le meko iqala xa umntu efikisa okanye ekhula kancinci . Oko kukuthi, ixhaphake kakhulu xa umntu ekwiminyaka eli-15 ukuya kwengama-25 ubudala.

Kuqheleke kangakanani oku?

Kwamanye amazwe kwihlabathi liphela, umzekelo eMelika, izibalo zibonisa ukuba phakathi kwe-0.4% kunye ne-1% yabemi bane-cyclothymia.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iimpawu ze-cyclothymia zifana nezezinye izifo ezininzi zengqondo, abaphandi abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba le meko ayifumaneki ngokwaneleyo. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba ayifumaneki kakuhle. Kusenokuba kukho abantu abanale meko eSri Lanka, kodwa kunzima ukufumana iinkcukacha-manani ezicacileyo ngayo.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-cyclothymia?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-cyclothymia kukutshintshatshintsha kweemvakalelo, oko kuthetha ukuba ingqondo iyatshintshatshintsha phakathi kweemeko ezimbini ezibizwa ngokuba yi-'hypomania' (ulonwabo olukhulu/uvuyo) kunye 'noxinzelelo oluncinci'.

Kwi-bipolar I kunye ne-II disorders, utshintsho lweemvakalelo lunokuhlala iiveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka. Kwi-cyclothymia, olu tshintsho lunokwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, ngamanye amaxesha kungakapheli usuku.Khawucinge nje, umntu osebenze ngamandla amakhulu novuyo kusasa, kodwa ngokuhlwa, uzive edakumbile kwaye engafuni kwenza nto.

Zithini iimpawu ze-'Hypomania' kwi-cyclothymia?

I-Hypomania lixesha leemvakalelo eziphezulu ngokungaqhelekanga, amanqanaba amandla, kunye namanqanaba omsebenzi. Eli nqanaba liphezulu lamandla, iimvakalelo, kunye nokuziphatha kufuneka kwahluke kwimeko yakho yesiqhelo kwaye kubonakale kwabanye. I-Hypomania sisiganeko esingenzima kangako kune-mania (iqondo eliphezulu elibonakalayo kwi-bipolar disorder).

Ezi ziimpawu ze-'Hypomania':

• Amandla anyukileyo kunye nokuncipha kwesidingo sokulala: Nokuba emva kweeyure ezimbalwa zokulala ebusuku, uziva ngathi unako ukusebenza imini yonke. Uziva ngathi awozeli, usenokwenza umsebenzi omninzi.
• Intetho ekhawulezayo kunye nokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kweengcinga: Ukuthetha rhoqo, ucinga ngezinye izinto ngelixa uthetha, kwaye uzive ngathi ingqondo yakho iyabaleka. Umphulaphuli usenokucinga, "Wow, uthetha ngokukhawuleza."
• Ukuphazamiseka lula: Xa usenza into enye, ingqondo yakho iyahamba iye kwenye into, kwaye kunzima ukuhlala ugxile.
• Ukugxila kwiinjongo: Ukuba nomdla kakhulu kwizinto ezifana nomsebenzi, umsebenzi wesikolo, imisebenzi yoluntu, njalo njalo, kwaye usoloko ubandakanyeka kuzo. Ngamanye amaxesha uqala iiprojekthi ezinkulu ngaxeshanye.
• Ukuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi enobungozi okanye engenankathalo: ukuchitha imali eninzi (umz., ukuchitha imali eninzi kumakhadi etyala), ukulala nomntu ngaphandle kokucinga, okanye ukwenza izigqibo zoshishino ngokungxama.
• Inqanaba eliphezulu lokuzihlonipha: Ukuziva ngathi uyakwazi kakhulu kwaye akukho nto ungenakuyenza. Unokucinga izinto ezinje, "Ndingcono kakhulu kwinto endiyenzayo."

Zinjani iimpawu zokudakumba kwi-cyclothymia?

Uxinzelelo lubonakaliswa kukuziva uphelelwe lithemba kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumdla kwizinto obukade uzonwabela. Iimpawu zoxinzelelo ze-cyclothymia zincinci kunezo zoxinzelelo olukhulu (lweklinikhi), kodwa zisenokuba nefuthe elikhulu ebomini bakho.

Nazi iimpawu zokudakumba:

• Iimvakalelo zokuzihlukanisa nabantu, ukungabi naxabiso, kunye netyala: Uziva ngathi ufuna ukuzikhwebula ebantwini, uzive ungento yanto, kwaye uzive ngathi wenze impazamo rhoqo. Iingcinga ezibuhlungu ezifana nokuthi "Akukho mntu undixabisayo."
• Utshintsho kwiindlela zokutya: nokuba kukutya kakhulu (ukutya okukhululekileyo), okanye ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya, ubunzima bunokunyuka okanye bunganyakazi.
• Ukungalali okanye i-hypersomnia: Ukungakwazi ukulala ebusuku, okanye ukuziva ulele emini, kwaye kunzima ukuphuma ebhedini.
• Ukudinwa okanye ukuphelelwa ngamandla: Ukuziva ngathi awunawo amandla, awunamdla wokwenza nantoni na. Kudla ngokuthethwa oku: "Ndidiniwe, andifuni kwenza nto."
• Ukuncipha kwamandla okugxila: Kunzima ukugxila kwinto enye, kuvakala ngathi awunakwenza nto ngengqondo yakho. Nokuba uzama ukufunda incwadi, ingqondo yakho ayizukuhamba.

Ziziphi izizathu ze-cyclothymia?

Enyanisweni, abaphandi abakayazi kakuhle into ebangela i-cyclothymia. Nangona kunjalo, bacinga ukuba inokuba nekhonkco lemfuza . I-Cyclothymia, ukudakumba, kunye nesifo se-bipolar zonke zihamba kwiintsapho. Oku kuthetha ukuba zinokudluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesi sifo, nawe usenokuba sengozini yokuba naso.

Kwabanye abantu, i-cyclothymia inokubangelwa okanye iqhutywe mandundu ziziganeko okanye amava abuhlungu , njengokugula okunzulu okanye ixesha elide loxinzelelo olukhulu (umz. uxinzelelo lovavanyo, iingxaki zomsebenzi, iingxabano zosapho). Kukholelwa ukuba ukungalingani kwiikhemikhali ezithile engqondweni ('ii-neurotransmitters') kunokubangela.

Isifo se-cyclothymic sifunyanwa njani?

Kunokuba nzima koogqirha ukuxilonga isifo kuba iimpawu zaso zifana nezezinye izifo zengqondo ezininzi. Umzekelo:

• Ingxaki enkulu yokudakumba
• Isifo seBipolar II
• Ingxaki yokuxhalaba ngokubanzi
• Iingxaki zophuhliso lwe-neurodevelopmental
• Iingxaki zobuntu

Ugqirha angasebenzisa oku kulandelayo ukuxilonga i-cyclothymia:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Jonga impilo yakho yomzimba.
• Imbali epheleleyo yezonyango: Oku kuquka ukubuza ngokweenkcukacha ngeempawu zakho, ukuba zikho ixesha elingakanani, amava akho ebomini, kunye nokuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho oye waba neemeko ezifanayo.
• Uvavanyo lwezonyango: Yenza izinto ezifana novavanyo lwegazi ukuze ugweme ezinye iimeko ezinokubangela iimpawu zakho (ezifana ne-hyperthyroidism okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi).
• Uvavanyo lwempilo yengqondo: Ugqirha wakho angenza oku, okanye angakuthumela kwingcali yempilo yengqondo, njengogqirha wengqondo okanye ingcali yezengqondo.

Oogqirha baxilonga i-cyclothymia ukuba ezi meko zilandelayo ziyafezekiswa:

• Iimpawu zakho (oko kukuthi, ukutshintshana phakathi kweemeko ze-hypomanic kunye ne-depression) kufuneka ukuba bezikho ubuncinane iminyaka emibini, ngaphezulu kwama-50% exesha . Kubantwana nakubantu abancinci, ezi mpawu kufuneka zibe zikhona unyaka wonke.
• Akunakwenzeka ukuba uhlale ungenazo iimpawu kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwembini.
• Iimpawu zakho azinakubangelwa kukusebenzisa iziyobisi okanye enye imeko yomzimba.

Ukongeza, ezi mpawu zibangela uxinzelelo olukhulu kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla (umsebenzi, izifundo, ubudlelwane).Okanye kufuneka kubekho ukuphazamiseka. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zisenokungabi zimbi ngokwaneleyo ukuba zifunyaniswe njengesifo sokudakumba esikhulu okanye isifo sengqondo esiguquguqukayo.

Iphathwa njani i-cyclothymia?

Ngelishwa, abantu abaninzi abane-cyclothymia abafuni unyango kuba iimpawu zabo azikho mbi kangako, okanye abacingi nokuba banale meko.

Khumbula, abanye abantu baqhele kakhulu ukuphila nolu tshintsho lweemvakalelo kangangokuba bacinga ukuba, ‘Bendisoloko ndinje.’ Nangona kunjalo, ukufumana uncedo kunokwenza ubomi bakho bube lula kakhulu. Ungakhathazeki, kukho unyango loku.

Unyango lwengqondo kunye namayeza zihlala zisetyenziswa njengonyango lwe-cyclothymia.

I-Psychotherapy ligama eliqhelekileyo loluhlu lweendlela zonyango ezibandakanya ukuthetha nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo onelayisenisi ukunceda ekuchongeni nasekutshintsheni iimvakalelo, iingcinga kunye nokuziphatha okungafanelekanga komntu.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zonyango lwengqondo. Izifundo zibonise ukuba uhlobo lonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi -cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) lusebenza kakhulu ekunyangeni i-cyclothymia. I-CBT ikunceda uchonge iindlela zakho zokucinga kwaye uqonde indlela ezichaphazela ngayo iimvakalelo zakho nokuziphatha kwakho.

Unyango lwengqondo lunokukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwakho ngokukunceda:

• Chonga, ubeke iliso, kwaye ulawule iimpawu ze-cyclothymia (umz., gcina idayari yeemvakalelo zakho).
• Iindlela zokujongana neemeko ezixinzelelekileyo.
• Tshintsha indlela ocinga ngayo, indlela osabela ngayo, kunye nendlela osombulula ngayo iingxaki.
• Phucula unxibelelwano kunye nokusebenzisana nabanye.

I-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ayivumanga naluphi na unyango oluthile lokunyanga i-cyclothymia. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokukunika izithinteli zengqondo ukunceda ekunciphiseni utshintsho lwakho lweemvakalelo. La mayeza anokubandakanya i-valproate, i-lamotrigine, kunye/okanye i-lithium. Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo xa usebenzisa la mayeza.

Ngaba i-cyclothymia ingathintelwa?

Ngelishwa, okwangoku akukho ndlela yokuthintela i-cyclothymia, njengoko izazinzulu zingayazi imbangela echanekileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ukufuna uncedo ngokukhawuleza nje xa iimpawu zibonakala kunokunceda ukunciphisa ukuphazamiseka ebomini bakho nakubudlelwane bakho. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuba kufunyenwe kwangethuba, unyango lunokuqaliswa kwaye ubomi bunokwenziwa lula.

Iyintoni i-prognosis ye-cyclothymia?

Imbonakalo ye-cyclothymia ingahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye.

Ngenxa yomsindo oqhelekileyo, iimpendulo zeemvakalelo, kunye nokungakhathali, abantu abane-cyclothymia banokukufumanisa kunzima ukwakha nokugcina ubudlelwane obuhle nosapho, abahlobo, abo basebenza nabo, kunye namaqabane athandanayo.

Nangona kunjalo, xa kuthelekiswa nabantu abanesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder, abantu abane-cyclothymia:

• Ukulaliswa esibhedlele kunokuncipha.
• Inani leentsuku zokungasebenzi emsebenzini lisenokuncipha.
• Usenokukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla ngokuthe chu.

Kwabo bafuna uncedo lwe-cyclothymia, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokukhokelela ekuphuculeni okukhulu kwexesha elide. Ukuba ayinyangwa, abanye abantu basengozini yokuphuhlisa le meko ibe yi-bipolar I okanye II disorder.

Ufanele ubonane nini nogqirha malunga ne-cyclothymia?

Ukuba uziva ngathi utshintshana phakathi kwe-hypomania (imvakalelo ephezulu/uvuyo) kunye nokudakumba okuncinci (ukudakumba okuncinci), kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha. Musa ukucinga nje ukuthi, "Ndim lo kuphela," kodwa fumana ingcebiso yobuchwephesha.

Ukuba ugqirha ukuxilonga ukuba une-cyclothymia, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho kunye/okanye umgqirha rhoqo ukuze ufumane unyango.

I-Cyclothymia idla ngokuba yimeko yobomi bonke. Nangona kunjalo, unyango oluqhubekayo, olufana nonyango lokuthetha kunye namayeza, lunokukunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho kwaye uphile ubomi obunempilo nobunenjongo. Kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ukuba uneempawu ze-cyclothymia. Khumbula ukuba oogqirha bakho kunye nabantu obathandayo bakhona ukukuxhasa.

Sithini isigidimi esifuna ukusithatha kweli nqaku?

Ngamafutshane, i-cyclothymia luhlobo oluncinci lwesifo sengqondo esibizwa ngokuba yi-bipolar disorder esibangela utshintsho oluqhelekileyo kwindlela ovakalelwa ngayo. Ukuba uziva ngathi unyuka kakhulu uze unyuke kancinci, musa ukuyityeshela loo nto.

• Qaphela iimpawu: Ukutshintshana phakathi kwamanqanaba aphezulu ovuyo (hypomania) kunye noxinzelelo oluncinci (uxinzelelo oluncinci) luphawu oluphambili. Yiba nexhala ukuba ezi zinto zichaphazela ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla.
• Cela uncedo: Asikuko oku okubangela ingxaki. Ukuthetha nogqirha okanye nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo kunokuba luncedo kakhulu. Akukho nto unokuba neentloni ngayo okanye uyoyike.
• Kukho unyango: Le meko ingalawulwa kakuhle ngonyango lokuthetha (`psychotherapy`), ingakumbi i-`CBT`, kunye namayeza ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Awuwedwa: baninzi abantu abajongene nezi meko. Ngenkxaso nonyango olufanelekileyo, nawe ungaphila ubomi obungcono.

Khumbula, impilo yakho yengqondo ibaluleke njengempilo yakho yomzimba, ngoko ke yinyamekele.

I- Cyclothymia, Ukutshintsha kwemood, iBipolar disorder, iHypomania, ukudakumba, Impilo yengqondo