Ngaba umntwana wakho ukruqukile kakhulu ngumsebenzi wesikolo? Ngaba unika izizathu xa umnika umsebenzi wesikolo? Okanye ngaba utitshala uhlala ekhalaza esithi, "Umntwana wakho akanikeli ngqalelo eklasini, ukruqukile kakhulu"? Njengomama okanye utata, xa usiva izinto ezinje, ungaziva ulusizi kakhulu. "Kutheni umntwana wam eyedwa onje?" Usenokucinga. Kodwa oku kusenokungabi ngenxa yobuvila bomntwana okanye ukuswela ingqondo. Mhlawumbi isizathu soku singaba 'kukukhubazeka kokufunda' njengoko sithetha.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ingxaki yokufunda?
Ukukhubazeka ekufundeni yingxaki echaphazela indlela umntu amkela ngayo ulwazi aze alusebenzise ngayo. Ngamafutshane, yinto echaphazela indlela ingqondo esebenza ngayo. Akufuneki idideke nobukrelekrele obuphantsi. Abantwana abanengxaki yokufunda badla ngokuba krelekrele kakhulu. Kodwa indlela ababona, abava ngayo, nabaqonda ngayo izinto yahlukile kancinci kweyabanye abantu.
Cinga ngale ndlela, asifani sonke. Abanye abantu babhala ngesandla sabo sasekunene, abanye ngesandla sabo sasekhohlo. Ngokufanayo, ubuchopho babanye abantu bucubungula ulwazi ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Lo mahluko unokwenza kube nzima kubo ukugxila kwisifundo eklasini okanye ekufundeni uvavanyo. Kodwa khumbula, ngoncedo olufanelekileyo kunye namaqhinga, banokukwazi ukoyisa le mingeni.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukukhubazeka kokufunda akusisifo, yimeko ethile. Kwaye akusilo ityala lomntwana okanye labazali.
Iintlobo zokukhubazeka kokufunda kunye neempawu zazo
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Kwaye nohlobo olufanayo lunokuchaphazela umntu ngamnye ngokwahlukileyo. Enye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqatshelwe kukuba iimeko ezifana ne-Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) kunye ne-Autism Spectrum Disorders akufuneki zidideke nokukhubazeka ekufundeni. Ziimeko ezahluke ngokupheleleyo.
Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili zokukhubazeka kokufunda kunye neempawu zazo ezifanayo.
| Uhlobo lweSiphazamiso | Indlela echaphazela ngayo kunye neempawu eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| I-Dyspraxia | Oku kuchaphazela izakhono zomntwana zokunyakaza, ezikukuhamba kunye nokulungelelanisa. Umzekelo, banokungqubana, bawise izinto, babe nobunzima bokutya ngecephe, babophe imitya yezihlangu, okanye banxibe amaqhosha. Njengoko bekhula, banokuba nobunzima bokubhala nokuchwetheza. |
| I-Dyslexia | Oku kuchaphazela ukuqonda ulwimi. Ukufunda nokubhala kunzima kakhulu. Oonobumba babonakala bejikile (umz. 'b' no 'd'), amagama ayalibaleka, imigca iyatsiba xa ufunda. Iingxaki zegrama nokuqonda nazo ziyenzeka. Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukufanisa amagama xa uthetha. |
| I-Dysgraphia | Oku kuchaphazela izakhono zomntwana zokubhala. Indlela yokubhala ayilunganga, phantse ayifundeki. Upelo ludla ngokuba luphosakele. Kunzima kakhulu ukubhala into esengqondweni yakho ephepheni. |
| I-Dyscalculia | Oku kuchaphazela izakhono zezibalo. Xa usemncinci, kunzima ukubona nokubala amanani. Njengoko ukhula, kunzima ukwenza izibalo ezilula (ukudibanisa, ukuthabatha) nokukhumbula izinto ezifana neetafile zokuphindaphinda. |
| Ingxaki Yokucubungula Ukuziva | Oku akuyongxaki yokuva. Yingxaki kwindlela ingqondo esebenza ngayo isandi. Xa umntu ethetha, kunzima ukwahlula ilizwi lakhe kwingxolo ejikelezileyo. Kunzima ukulandela oko kuthethwayo. Amagama avakala ngendlela efanayo (njengo-'kala' kunye no-'kala') awanakuhlulwa. |
| Ingxaki yokuCwangcisa okuBonakalayo | Oku akuyongxaki ngokubona kwakho. Yingxaki kwindlela ingqondo yakho etolika ngayo oko ukubonayo. Kunzima ukufunda. Kunzima ukwahlula phakathi kwezinto ezimbini ezibonakala zifana. Ukulungelelaniswa kwesandla neliso akusebenzi kakuhle. Umzekelo, kunokuba nzima ukubamba ibhola. |
Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba umntu unengxaki yokufunda?
Ezi meko zinokuba nzima ukuzixilonga kuba akukho luhlu lweempawu ezifanela wonke umntwana. Kwaye abantwana abaninzi bazama ukufihla ubunzima babo. Mhlawumbi okuqaphelayo kukuba umntwana wakho uhlala ekhalaza ngomsebenzi wesikolo okanye esithi akanakuya esikolweni.
Nangona kunjalo, qaphela ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Xa becelwa ukuba bafunde okanye babhale, ababonisi mdla, bayavuma nje.
- Ubunzima bokukhumbula izinto (umz. izifundo, iinombolo zefowuni).
- Basebenza ngokuzimisela okukhulu. Xa abanye abantwana begqiba umsebenzi wabo, baselapho baqala khona.
- Ubunzima bokulandela imiyalelo.
- Ukungakwazi ukugxila kumsebenzi omnye.
- Ubunzima bokuqonda iingcamango ezintsonkothileyo (ezingaqondakaliyo).
- Ukungakhathaleli iinkcukacha, okanye ukuxhalabela iinkcukacha ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Ukungabi nazakhono zentlalo zokusebenza nokudlala nabanye abantwana.
- Ukuphazamisa abanye eklasini.
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba umntwana wakho unale mpawu, kungcono ukuthetha notitshala womntwana wakho kunye nogqirha wosapho lwakho ngayo loo nto. Ungacela ukuba umntwana wakho ahlolwe.
Kusenokufuneka ubonane neengcali ezahlukeneyo ukuze ufumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Oku kungabandakanya ingcali yezengqondo, ingcali yezonyango, okanye ingcali yezentetho nolwimi. Banokwenza uvavanyo novavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukukunceda ufikelele kwiingcambu zengxaki.
Izinto onokuzenza njengomzali
Kuqhelekile ukuziva uxinezelekile xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokufunda. Inkqubo yokwenza uxilongo inokuba nzima kakhulu. Kodwa khumbula, wena ungoyena mandla makhulu omntwana wakho.
1. Yazi kakuhle le nto.
Okokuqala, fumana ukuba yintoni ukukhubazeka komntwana wakho kunye nendlela okuchaphazela ngayo ukufunda kwakhe. Fumana malunga nonyango kunye nenkxaso ekhoyo. Emva koko ungathatha inxaxheba ekukhetheni into efunekayo kumntwana wakho.
2. Yiba ngummeli womntwana wakho
Wena ungamandla omntwana. Thetha nootitshala bomntwana kunye nenqununu yesikolo somntwana uze uzame ukuphuhlisa iSicwangciso seMfundo soMntu ngamnye (i-IEP) esinokunika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kunye nenkxaso kumntwana. Kukho iindlela zokunceda abantwana abanjalo kwinkqubo yesikolo. Phanda ngazo kwaye usebenzele ukwandisa iingenelo zomntwana.
3. Lumka kwimpilo yomntwana wakho
Ukulala kakuhle, ukutya okunesondlo, ukutya okunesondlo, kunye nokudlala okuninzi kunye nokuzilolonga kubalulekile kwimpilo yengqondo neyomzimba yomntwana. Ezi zinto zikwanceda ngokungathanga ngqo ekufundeni komntwana.
4. Nika ingqalelo kwimpilo yengqondo yomntwana wakho
Ukukhubazeka kokufunda kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekuzithembeni komntwana. Banokucinga izinto ezinje, "Andinakukwazi," "Ndisisidenge." Ngoko ke qaphela iingcinga zomntwana wakho kunye notshintsho kwindlela aziphethe ngayo. Ukuba uhlala edakumbile okanye enomsindo, unezitshintsho kwindlela alala ngayo okanye atya ngayo, okanye akasazonwabeli izinto awayezithanda ngaphambili, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukukhubazeka kokufunda akuyongxaki yobukrelekrele bomntwana okanye ubuvila bakhe. Ngumahluko kwindlela ingqondo ecubungula ngayo ulwazi.
- Lumka iimpawu ezinjengobunzima bokufunda, ukubhala, kunye nezibalo, kunye nokungakhathalelwa.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo, qala ngokuqhagamshelana nogqirha wosapho lwakho (ugqirha). Uza kukuthumela kwiingcali ezifunekayo.
- Uthando lwakho, inkxaso yakho, kunye nenkuthazo yakho zezona zinto zinamandla amakhulu umntwana anokuba nawo.
- Ngokuchongwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nenkxaso efanelekileyo, umntwana onengxaki yokufunda unokoyisa naluphi na ucelomngeni aze aphumelele.
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