Khawucinge ukuba ubunentlungu yesisu kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke uya kugqirha. Ugqirha ukubuza imibuzo, akuhlole, aze athi, "Hmm... isenokuba yi-gastritis, isenokuba yi-appendicitis. Masenze uvavanyo." Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba kutheni oogqirha bengatsho nje ukuba yintoni ingxaki, kodwa bathetha nje izinto ezimbalwa ezinokuba zingalunganga? Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-differential diagnosis kwizonyango. Ungakhathazeki, ligama elikhulu, kodwa lilula kakhulu. Makhe sithethe ngalo namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ukuxilongwa kokwahluka?
Asikuko ukuxilongwa kwakho kokugqibela. Cinga ngomcuphi olungileyo. Xa esiya kwindawo yolwaphulo-mthetho, akatsho kwangoko athi, "Nguye lo umtyholi," akunjalo? Into yokuqala ayenzayo kukwenza uluhlu lwabantu abarhanela ukuba basenokuba benze ulwaphulo-mthetho. Emva koko uqokelela ubungqina, ajongane, asuse abantu abangafanelekanga kolo luhlu, aze ekugqibeleni abambe oyena mtyholi wokwenene.
Ugqirha wenza into efanayo. Xa ufika uneempawu ezithile, ugqirha uza noluhlu lwezifo ezinokwenzeka ezihambelana nezo mpawu. Elo "luhlu lwezifo ezinokwenzeka" yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-Differential Diagnosis. Eli linyathelo lokuqala elibaluleke kakhulu kwinkqubo yokuxilonga.
Ngawaphi amanyathelo asetyenziswa ngugqirha ukuze afumanise ngokuchanekileyo isifo?
Kukho uhambo olucwangcisiweyo oluthathwa ngugqirha ukuze afumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye le nto ibangela isifo. Kufana nokunyuka izinyuko. Awunakweqa inyathelo elinye.
1. Bakubuza kakhulu ngeempawu zakho: "Uziva njani?", "Unexesha elingakanani unale ngxaki?", "Injani intlungu? Ingaba iyahlaba? Okanye ingathi kukho into ecinezelayo?", "Zeziphi ezinye iingxaki onazo?" Bazama ukufumana umfanekiso opheleleyo wemeko yakho ngokubuza imibuzo efana nale: "Uziva njani?", "Kudala kangakanani unale ngxaki
2. Buza ngembali yakho yezonyango: "Ngaba wakha wakha wakwehlelwa yile nto ngaphambili?", "Ngaba unezinye izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu?", "Ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onale zifo?", "Ngaba usela amayeza okanye iivithamini?" Konke oku kubalulekile.
3. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Kule nto, baya kuchukumisa umzimba wakho, bachukumise isisu sakho, bamamele isifuba sakho nemiphunga yakho nge-stethoscope, balinganise uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, baze bajonge ubushushu bakho. Oku kuya kunika ugqirha izikhokelo ezininzi.
4. Uluhlu lwezifo ezinokwenzeka (Differential Diagnosis) lwenziwa engqondweni: Ngoku, emva kokudibanisa zonke iinkcukacha osixelele zona kunye nezinto ezivezwe ngexesha lovavanyo, ugqirha ucinga, "Kulungile, ngokusekelwe kwezi mpawu, esi sisenokuba sesi sifo."
5. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kuya kubhalwa ezinye iimvavanyo:Kufuneka ubungqina obongezelelekileyo ukuze kufunyanwe oyena nobangela woko kolu luhlu lwabarhanelwa. Yiyo loo nto kwenziwa izinto ezifana novavanyo lwegazi, uvavanyo lomchamo, iiskeni, kunye neeX-reyi.
6. Ukuphonononga Iziphumo zoVavanyo kunye neempawu: Nje ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo zifike, ugqirha uza kuzithelekisa neempawu zakho. Emva koko, unokuphelisa ezinye zezifo ezikuluhlu ngokuthi, "Hayi, oku akunakwenzeka."
7. Ukufikelela kwiSifo sokugqibela: Emva kokuba konke oku kwenziwe, ugqirha ekugqibeleni uyakwazi ukuthi ngokuqiniseka, "Ewe, unaso esi sifo." Kulapho ke kuphela apho unyango olufanelekileyo lungaqala khona.
Le nkqubo ingathatha ixesha. Kunzima ukufumanisa isifo ngoko nangoko, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezinzima. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomonde.
Kutheni kubalulekile ukwenza uluhlu olunje? Ingaba kungenxa yokuba lunokuba luphosakele?
Ngokuchanekileyo, le ndlela isetyenziselwa ukuthintela iimpazamo . Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntu ufika enentlungu esifubeni, ugqirha ucinge athi, "Owu, le yi-gastritis" aze amnike amayeza ayo, kodwa kuthekani ukuba ngenene sisiqalo sokuhlaselwa yintliziyo? Oko kungaba yingozi enkulu, akunjalo?
Kodwa xa ugqirha esebenzisa indlela yeDifferential Diagnosis, ucinga ukuba, "Le ntlungu yesifuba inokuba ngenxa ye-gastritis. Kwangaxeshanye, isenokuba ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwemisipha. Kodwa eyona nto iyingozi kukuba kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba inokuba yi-heart attack." Emva koko wenza uvavanyo olufunekayo (umz., i-ECG) ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingaba eyona nto iyingozi inokwenzeka na. Nje ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba ayisiyo-heart attack, unokujonga ezinye izizathu. Oku kukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwakho.
Eminye imizekelo yezifo ezineempawu ezifanayo
Ukuze siqonde ukubaluleka kwale nkqubo, makhe sijonge ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezinokuzibangela.
| Iimpawu zakho | Uluhlu lwezifo ezinokubakho engqondweni kagqirha (Ukuxilongwa kokwahluka) |
|---|---|
| Isisu esibuhlungu |
|
| Ukukhwehlela | |
| Iintlungu zesifuba | |
| Intloko ebuhlungu | |
| Ukudinwa | |
| Usulelo lomchamo (Iimpawu ze-UTI) |
Ngoku ungabona ukuba zingaphi izizathu ezahlukeneyo ezinokubakho ngenxa yempawu efanayo, akunjalo? Ngoko ungabona ukuba kubaluleke kangakanani kukhuseleko lwakho ukuba ugqirha acinge ngolu hlobo.
Yintoni ekufuneka yenzeke kuwe kule nkqubo?
Kolu hambo lophando, wena ulingqina eliphambili. Ngoko ke, uncedo lwakho luxabiseke kakhulu kugqirha .
- Thembeka kuyo yonke into: Musa ukufihla nezona zinto zincinci ozivayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, into ocinga ukuba "ayibalulekanga kangako" inokuba yimbonakaliso enkulu kugqirha yokufumana ingxaki.
- Zisa uluhlu lwamayeza akho: Xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo (lawo eezinye iimeko, iivithamini, iipowders, kwanamayeza aseSinhala). Ngamanye amaxesha, unobangela weempawu zakho usenokuba lolunye unyango olusebenzisayo.
- Musa ukoyika ukubuza imibuzo: "Gqirha, ingaba loluphi uhlobo lwesifo?", "Luhlobo luni lovavanyo ekufuneka ndilwenze?", "Ndingalindela ntoni kwezi mvavanyo?" Buza. Okukhona unolwazi oluthe kratya, kokukhona ungoyiki kakhulu.
- Hlala uzolile: Musa ukoyika xa ugqirha esithi, "Isenokuba sesi sifo, isenokuba siso eso sifo." Khumbula, oko akuthethi ukuba unazo zonke ezo zifo. Kuthetha nje ukuba bacinga ngazo zonke iindlela ezinokwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba bakwazi ukubona isifo esichanekileyo.
Ufuna ukuphinda umbone ugqirha kwakhona nini?
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuxilonga, kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho kwimeko yakho. Qiniseka ukuba ufowunela okanye ubona ugqirha wakho kwakhona kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu okanye zinyamalale ngokupheleleyo.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha.
- Ukuba kufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele ngenxa yesinye isizathu.
- Ukuba ufuna ukwenza naluphi na utshintsho kumayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku (umz. ukuba ugqirha ohlukileyo unika amayeza amatsha)
Olu lwazi luya kunceda ugqirha ukuba afumanise isifo sakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuxilongwa okwahlukileyo "luludwe lwezifo ezinokubakho" onazo, hayi ukuxilongwa kwakho kokugqibela.
- Le yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu neqhelekileyo esetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuthintela iimpazamo nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwakho.
- Ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngokunyanisekileyo nangokupheleleyo ngeempawu zakho, izifo zakho zangaphambili, kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ekuncedeni ukuba bafumanise isifo esichanekileyo.
- Musa ukoyika xa ugqirha ekuxelela ngezifo ezininzi ezinokubakho. Oku kuthetha ukuba baya kuzisusa ezinye izifo ngokuvavanya ukuze bafumane unobangela wokwenene.
- Ukuba kukho utshintsho kwiimpawu zakho, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukuxelela ugqirha wakho.
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