Ngaba uyayazi le 'hormone yolonwabo', i-dopamine? Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokweenkcukacha!

Ngaba wakha weva ngento ebizwa ngokuba yi-'happy hormone'? Ngamanye amaxesha uziva wonwabile kwaye uchulumancile, akunjalo? Eyona inxulumene kakhulu nezo mvakalelo ibizwa ngokuba yiDopamine. Inegalelo kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Ngoko ke, namhlanje, makhe sifunde ngakumbi ngeDopamine.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-dopamine?

Ngamafutshane, i-dopamine yikhemikhali yendalo eveliswa engqondweni yethu. Ikwiqela lee-neurotransmitters ezibizwa ngokuba yi-"Monoamine neurotransmitters." Yi-"Neurotransmitter", oko kuthetha i-neurotransmitter . Khawuthelekelele, iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikwingqondo yethu zithumelana imiyalezo. I-Dopamine 'sisithunywa sekhemikhali' esinceda ukutshintshiselana ngaloo miyalezo. Inceda ukuthwala le miyalezo isuka engqondweni iye emzimbeni wethu wonke.

Kwakhona, i-dopamine yi -hormone . I-Dopamine, i-epinephrine, kunye ne-norepinephrine zezona catecholamines ziphambili. Ezi hormone ziveliswa zi-adrenal glands, ezikwindawo engaphezulu kwezintso zethu. Ukongeza, i-hypothalamus esengqondweni yethu ikwakhupha i-dopamine, i-neurohormone.

Yintoni eyenziwa yi-dopamine emizimbeni yethu?

I-Dopamine yikhemikhali ebandakanyeka kwiinkqubo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni.

I-Dopamine njenge-neurotransmitter

Njenge-neurotransmitter, i-dopamine inegalelo kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Intshukumo: Inceda ekulawuleni iintshukumo zomzimba wethu.
• Inkumbulo: Oku kubalulekile ekukhumbuleni izinto.
• Umvuzo omnandi kunye nenkuthazo: Xa sifumana ulonwabo kwinto ethile, siziva sifuna ukuyenza kwakhona, kwaye oko kungenxa ye-dopamine.
• Ukuziphatha kunye nokuqonda: Kukwachaphazela neendlela zethu zokuziphatha kunye nokukwazi kwethu ukuqonda into ethile.
• Ingqalelo: Ikunceda uhlale ugxile kwinto ethile.
• Ukulala nokuvuka: Kukwanceda ekulawuleni iindlela zethu zokulala nokuvuka.
• Imo Yengqondo: Oku kukwachaphazela imeko yengqondo yethu, nokuba sonwabile okanye sibuhlungu.
• Ukufunda: I-Dopamine ibalulekile xa ufunda izinto ezintsha.
• Ukuncancisa: Kukwanxulumene nenkqubo yokuvelisa ubisi koomama abancancisayo.

I-Dopamine njengeHormone

I-Dopamine yi-hormone ekhutshwa egazini lethu. Ikwadlala indima encinci kwimpendulo yomzimba "yokulwa okanye ukubaleka" xa sijongene nosongelo, olufana nengozi. Oko kukuthi, ukuba ubona into eyoyikisayo ngequbuliso, ichaphazela indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kuyo.

Ukongeza, i-dopamine, njengehomoni, ikwayenza oku kulandelayo:

• Inceda ukwandisa (kwiidosi eziphantsi - `(Vasodilator)`) okanye ukunciphisa (kwiidosi eziphezulu - `(Vasoconstrictor)`) imithambo yegazi.
• Ukwandisa ukukhutshwa kwe-sodium (ityuwa) kunye nomchamo emzimbeni.
• Iyanciphisa ubungakanani be-insulin eveliswa yipancreas yethu.
• Iyacothisa ukuhamba kokutya ngenkqubo yesisu (GI) kwaye ikhusela ulwelo lwaloo nkqubo.
• Iyanciphisa umsebenzi wee-lymphocytes, iiseli kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela.

I-dopamine isenza njani sonwabe?

I-Dopamine ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"hormone yokuziva kamnandi" kuba isenza sizive sonwabile kwaye sanelisekile. Kwakhona, xa sonwabela into ethile, yile dopamine esikhuthaza ukuba siyenze kwakhona.

Cinga ngale ndlela: I-Dopamine yinxalenye "yenkqubo yethu yomvuzo." Le nkqubo yenzelwe ukusinika umvuzo, ukuziva sonwabile, xa senza izinto esizidingayo ukuze siphile (njengokutya, ukusela, ukukhuphisana, nokuzala). Ngoko ke, njengabantu, iingqondo zethu zilungele ukufuna iindlela zokuziphatha ezikhupha i-dopamine kule nkqubo yomvuzo. Xa wenza into eyonwabisayo, ingqondo yakho ikhupha inani elikhulu le-dopamine. Emva koko uzive ulungile, kwaye uqhubeka ufuna loo mvakalelo.

Yiyo loo nto sixhomekeke kakhulu ekutyeni okuthile, ingakumbi ukutya okungenampilo kunye neswekile. Xa sizitya, ingqondo yethu ikhupha i-dopamine eninzi. Emva koko siziva sonwabile, ngokungathi siphezulu kwihlabathi, kwaye sifuna loo mava kwakhona.

Uvakalelwa njani ukuba namanqanaba e-dopamine afanelekileyo?

Ukuba amanqanaba akho e-dopamine alinganisiwe, uya kuziva iimvakalelo ezifana nezi:

• Kubonakala ngathi wonwabile.
• Kubonakala ngathi unomdla kwaye unomdla.
• Kufana nokuba siphaphile, ukwimo entle.
• Kubonakala ngathi ungasebenza ngokugxila okuhle.

Kuthekani ukuba amanqanaba e-dopamine ayancipha?

Ukuba amanqanaba e-dopamine ayancipha, unokufumana izinto ezifana nezi:

• Ubonakala udiniwe kakhulu.
• Kubonakala ngathi akukho mdla kwinto ethile.
• Kubonakala ngathi akukho lonwabo.

Ukongeza, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokwenzeka:

• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.
• Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwimood (ukutshintsha kwemood).
• Iingxaki zokulala.
• Ubunzima bokugxila.
• Ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo.

Kuthekani ukuba amanqanaba e-dopamine ayanda?

Ukuba amanqanaba e-dopamine aphezulu kakhulu, unokuziva uvakalelwa ngale ndlela:

• Ulonwabo olukhulu, uchulumanco (Euphoric).
• Ndiziva ndinamandla amakhulu.
• Umnqweno wesondo ogqithisileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukwakho neengxaki zokunyusa amanqanaba e-dopamine. Nazi:

• Ubunzima bokulala.
• Ukwenza izigqibo ngokungxama, ngokungxama (Ukulawula okungafanelekanga ngeemvakalelo).
• Ukuba ndlongondlongo ngakumbi.

Ziziphi izifo ezinxulumene namanqanaba aphantsi/aphezulu e-dopamine?

Kukho izifo ezininzi ezinxulumene namanqanaba aphantsi okanye aphezulu e-dopamine. Kodwa kusekho okuninzi okusafuneka kufunyenwe ngale nto. Umzekelo, ngaba isifo sivela ngenxa yamanqanaba aphantsi/aphezulu e-dopamine, okanye ngaba isifo sitshintsha amanqanaba e-dopamine? Mhlawumbi zombini ezo zinto. Enye into kukuba isenzo se-neurotransmitter enye efana ne-dopamine asinakubonwa sodwa. Kuba, ezinye ii-neurotransmitters ezininzi, ii-hormones, kunye neekhemikhali kwingqondo yethu nasemzimbeni zisebenza kunye. Ngoko ke oku kunzima kancinci.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho izifo ezininzi ezinxulumene notshintsho kumanqanaba e-dopamine.

Izifo ezinxulumene nokungabikho kwe-dopamine:

• Ingxaki yokungakwazi ukugxila kakhulu (ADHD): Abantu abanale meko bafunyenwe benamanqanaba aphantsi e-dopamine.
• Isifo sikaParkinson: Oku kubangelwa kukutshatyalaliswa kweeseli zengqondo ezivelisa i-dopamine.
• I-Ressless legs syndrome: Imeko ebonakala ngokungonwabi emilenzeni kunye nomnqweno wokuyishukumisa.

Izifo ezinxulumene nokwanda kwe-dopamine:

• I-Mania: Imeko yengqondo yovuyo olukhulu kunye nomsebenzi.
• Ukutyeba kakhulu: Ezinye izifundo zibonise unxibelelwano phakathi kwe-dopamine kunye nokutyeba kakhulu.
• Umlutha: I-Dopamine idlala indima enkulu ekukhotyokisweni ziziyobisi kunye nokungcakaza.

Izifo ezinxulumene namanqanaba aphantsi naphezulu e-dopamine:

I-Schizophrenia : Esi sisifo sengqondo esintsonkothileyo. Ezinye iimpawu (ezifana nokubona izinto ezingekhoyo, ukuphupha izinto ezingaqhelekanga) zinokubangelwa kukwanda kwe-dopamine kwezinye iindawo zengqondo. Ezinye iimpawu (ezifana nokungakhathali) zinokubangelwa kukuncipha kwe-dopamine kwezinye iindawo zengqondo.

Ngawaphi amayeza anxulumene ne-dopamine?

Kukho amayeza ahlukeneyo anokulawula amanqanaba e-dopamine okanye asebenze njenge-dopamine. Makhe siwajonge.

Zithini iiDopamine Agonists?

Ii-dopamine agonists luhlobo lwamayeza asebenza ngendlela efanayo ne-dopamine yendalo. Zibopha kwii-dopamine receptors engqondweni kwaye zivuselele. Kanye njengokuba iiseli zemithambo-luvo zisabela kwi-dopamine yendalo.

La mayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo sikaParkinson, ukudakumba, isifo semilenze esingapheliyo, i-ADHD, inkanuko ephantsi yokwabelana ngesondo, kunye ne-hyperprolactinemia (ukwanda kwehomoni evelisa ubisi).

Eminye imizekelo:

• Kwisifo sikaParkinson: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`, `(Ropinirole (Requip®))`, `(Rotigotine (Neupro®))`, `(Apomorphine HCl (KYNMOBI®))`.
• Kwingxaki yokudakumba: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`.
• Kwabo banomdla ophantsi wesondo: `(Pramipexole (Mirapex®))`.
• Kwi-hyperprolactinemia: `(Bromocriptine (Parlodel®))`, `(Cabergoline (Dostinex®))`.

Zithini iiDopamine Antagonists?

Ii-Dopamine antagonists luhlobo lwamayeza anamathela kwi-dopamine receptors engqondweni aze azithintele. Oko kukuthi, athintela i-dopamine ukuba ingafikeleli kwiseli yemithambo-luvo elandelayo. Amayeza amaninzi e-antipsychotic asetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo zengqondo awela kolu didi.

Ezi zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-schizophrenia , i-bipolar disorder, kunye nesicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.

Imizekelo:

Kwisifo se- schizoaffective : `(Aripiprazole (Abilify®))`, `(Risperidone (Risperdal®))`, `(Ziprasidone (Geodon®))`.
• Kwi-bipolar disorder: `(Risperidone)`, `(Olanzapine (Zyprexa®))`, `(Ziprasidone)`.
• Kwisicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: `(Metoclopramide (Reglan®))`, `(Droperidol (Inapsine®))`.

Zithini iiDopamine Reuptake Inhibitors?

Ii-Dopamine reuptake inhibitors luhlobo lwamayeza athintela iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikhuphe i-dopamine ekubeni ziyifunxe kwakhona. Oku kushiya i-dopamine engaphezulu engqondweni, enokusetyenziswa ziiseli zemithambo-luvo ezininzi.

Eli yeza linceda ekudandathekeni, ekulaleni kakhulu (i-narcolepsy), kunye nokuxhomekeka kwizinto ezifana nokutshaya nokutya kakhulu.

Imizekelo:

• Kwingxaki yokudakumba: `(Bupropion (Wellbutrin®))`.
• Kwi-narcolepsy: `(Modafinil (Provigil))`.
• Ngokuxhomekeka kwi-cocaine: `(Bupropion)`, `(Nomifensine)`, `(Benztropine (Cogentin))`, `(Mazindol)`.
• Ukuyeka ukutshaya: `(Bupropion)`.

Yintoni iLevodopa?

ILevodopa yeyona mithi iphambili esetyenziswa ukunyanga isifo sikaParkinson. Iingxaki zokunyakaza kubantu abanesifo sikaParkinson zibangelwa kukungabikho kwedopamine. Ukuze iLevodopa isiwe ngqo engqondweni (endaweni yokuba isiwe kwamanye amalungu omzimba), inikwa kunye neyeza elibizwa ngokuba yiCarbidopa. Xa sele ifikile engqondweni, iLevodopa iguqulwa ibe yidopamine.

Iyintoni indima ye-dopamine kwikhoboka leziyobisi?

Xa sisebenzisa iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa, ziphazamisa indlela iiseli zemithambo-luvo ezikwingqondo yethu ezithumela kwaye zifumana ngayo imiyalezo. Iziyobisi ezifana ne-marijuana kunye ne-heroin zisebenza njengee-neurotransmitters zendalo. Iziyobisi ezifana ne-amphetamines kunye ne-cocaine zibangela ukuba inani elikhulu lee-neurotransmitters zendalo (ezifana ne-dopamine) zikhutshwe ngoko nangoko, okanye ziyeke ukufunxwa kwakhona.

Ezi ziyobisi zivuselela kakhulu "iziko lembuyekezo" lobuchopho bethu. Xa siqhubeka nokusebenzisa iziyobisi ixesha elide, inxalenye yengqondo ayibi namvakalelo, kwaye asisaziva kakuhle njengoko besinokwenza kuyo nayiphi na enye into ngaphandle kwesiyobisi. Kwakhona, ukuze sifumane ulonwabo olufanayo, kufuneka sithathe ngakumbi kwesi siyobisi. Kwangaxeshanye, enye inxalenye yengqondo iba novelwano ngakumbi kwintlungu (efana nokuxhalaba nokungaphumli) okwenzekayo xa iziphumo zesiyobisi ziphela. Emva koko silingeka ukuba siphinde sisebenzise esi siyobisi ukuze sisuse loo ntlungu. Ngoko ke, umlutha ngumjikelo ombi ophuhliswa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

Izazinzulu ngoku zicinga ukuba indima ye-dopamine ayikokubangela nje uvuyo, kodwa kukukhumbula amava amnandi nokuwaqinisa ukuze asetyenziswe kwakhona. Ngoko ke, xa i-dopamine ikhula ngequbuliso ngenxa yeziyobisi, ifundisa ingqondo ukukhumbula amava. Ingqondo yakho inxulumanisa ukusebenzisa kwakho iziyobisi nayo yonke imikhwa yakho kunye nazo zonke ezinye iimpawu ezihamba nazo. Yingakho unokubuyela kwindawo apho wawusebenzisa khona iziyobisi, nokuba sele kudlule ixesha elide uyekile ukuzisebenzisa, kwaye usaziva ngathi uyalifuna kwakhona eli chiza.

Indlela yokunyusa amanqanaba e-dopamine ngokwendalo?

Ungazama izinto ezinokunceda ukonyusa amanqanaba e-dopamine ngokwendalo. Nangona kunjalo, uphando oluthe kratya luyadingeka kwimiphumo yokutya neziselo kwi-neurotransmitters ezifana ne-dopamine.

• Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-magnesium kunye ne-tyrosine. Ezi zezona zinto zokwakha i-dopamine. I-Tyrosine yi-amino acid. Ifunxwa ngumzimba ize iye engqondweni, apho iguqulwa ibe yi-dopamine. Ukutya ekuthiwa kuyandisa i-dopamine kuquka: inkukhu, ii-almond, ii-apile, ii-avokhado, iibhanana, ii-beet, itshokholethi (ingakumbi itshokholethi emnyama), imifuno eluhlaza, iti eluhlaza, iimbotyi zelima, i-oatmeal, ii-orenji, amantongomane e-macadamia, imbewu yesesame kunye nethanga, iitumato, i-turmeric, i-watermelon, kunye ne-wheat bran.
• Yenza imisebenzi ekwenza uzive wonwabile kwaye uphumle. Oku kukwacingelwa ukuba kunyusa amanqanaba e-dopamine. Imizekelo ibandakanya: ukuzilolonga, ukucamngca, ukwenza i-yoga, ukufumana imassage, ukudlala nesilwanyana sasekhaya, ukuhamba kwindalo, okanye ukufunda incwadi.

Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Dopamine yi-neurotransmitter kunye ne-hormone. Idlala indima kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo emizimbeni yethu, ingakumbi intshukumo, inkumbulo, ulonwabo kunye nokukhuthaza. Amanqanaba aphantsi okanye aphezulu e-dopamine adibene neengxaki ezininzi zempilo yengqondo kunye nezifo ze-neurological.

I-Dopamine yinto enzima kakhulu. Kusekho uphando oluninzi oluqhubekayo malunga nendlela enxulumene ngayo neemeko zempilo kunye nendlela esebenzisana ngayo nezinye ii-neurotransmitters, iihomoni, kunye neekhemikhali.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba uneempawu ze-dopamine ephantsi okanye ephezulu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha wakho. Angavavanya iimpawu zakho, enze uvavanyo olufunekayo, kwaye akuncede uphuhlise isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo ukuba unesifo esifihlakeleyo. Khumbula, musa ukuzenza unyango, ingakumbi ngento enzima njengale.

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I- Dopamine, i-neurotransmitter, i-hormone, ingqondo, impilo yengqondo, isifo sikaParkinson, umlutha