Ngaba ukhe waba nengozi ngendlebe yakho? (Ukulimala Kwendlebe Nokwenzakala) Masiqaphele oku!

Iindlebe zethu zinobuthathaka kakhulu kwaye zibalulekile kakhulu, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba yinto encinci inokonakalisa iindlebe zethu ngaphandle kokucinga ngayo. Ezinye iingozi zinokuba zimbi kakhulu. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngeengozi ezenzeka ezindlebeni, oko kukuthi, `(Ukulimala Kwendlebe Nokwenzakala)`. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba wenze ntoni kwaye ungazikhusela njani ukuba into efana nale iyenzeka kuwe okanye kumntu wosapho lwakho.

Luhlobo luni lomonakalo olunokwenziwa endlebeni?

Ngamafutshane, indlebe yethu inokwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amathathu: indlebe engaphandle (inxalenye esinokuyibona, umbhobho ongena emjelweni wendlebe), indlebe ephakathi (indawo encinci emva kwegubu lendlebe), kunye nendlebe engaphakathi (inkqubo entsonkothileyo yeetyhubhu ezingaphakathi kwentloko). Nayiphi na kwezi ndawo inokuba sengozini.

Umzekelo, ukubetheka kakhulu entloko kungonakalisa indlebe ephakathi neyangaphakathi. Kwakhona, iingxolo ezinkulu, utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kuxinzelelo lomoya (olubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Barotrauma)`, njengaxa ubhabha ngenqwelomoya), okanye umzimba wangaphandle (fremdkörper) nazo zinokubangela umonakalo endlebeni.

Iintlobo zokulimala endlebeni

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokulimala endlebeni. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.

Iingozi endlebeni

Oku kukonakalisa indlebe kunye nendawo ejikeleze umjelo wendlebe esinokuyibona.

• `Avulsion` (ukuqhekeka kwendlebe): Oku kunzulu ngakumbi. Khawuthelekelele, kwingozi enkulu, njengokulwa, inxalenye yendlebe inokwahlukana ngokupheleleyo okanye kancinci. Ngamanye amaxesha `(Utyando Lobuhle)`, oko kukuthi, utyando lweplastiki, lufuneka ukulungisa ezi zinto.
• `Indlebe yeCauliflower`: Usenokuba ubabonile abanye abadlali be-rugby kunye nabadlali bebhokisi beneendlebe zabo ezivuvukileyo, njengee-cauliflower. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(indlebe yeCauliflower)`. Xa indlebe ibetheka kakhulu, igazi liqokelelana phantsi kwesikhumba sendlebe, lithintele igazi ukuba lingahambi liye kwi-cartilage. Emva koko i-cartilage iyafa, nto leyo ebangela ukuba indlebe itshintshe ngaloo ndlela.
• Ukusikeka kunye nokukrweleka: Oku kudla ngokuba kukwenzakala okuncinci. Ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangelwa kukukrwela endlebeni yakho ngozipho okanye ingozi encinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukusikeka okunzulu kunokufuna ukuthungwa okanye kunokubangela usulelo.

Iingozi kwindlebe ephakathi neyangaphakathi

Ezi zizinto ezinzulu kancinci, kuba zinokuchaphazela nokuva.

• Ukwaphuka: Kwingozi enkulu, amathambo amancinci kwindlebe ephakathi abizwa ngokuba zii-ossicles anokwaphuka okanye aphume kwenye indawo. La mathambo asinceda sive. Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi nzakala zihamba nezinye izaphuka ezinkulu emhlathini okanye ebusweni. Oku kunokufuna utyando.
• I-eardrum eqhekekileyo: Ingxolo enkulu ngequbuliso, ukubetheka okunzima endlebeni, okanye into ebambeke endlebeni inokubangela ukuba i-eardrum iqhekeke. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuyaphola ngokwako. Kodwa kwabanye abantu, kufuneka utyando ukuze kulungiswe.

Zithini iimpawu zokwenzakala endlebeni?

Ukuba indlebe yakho yonakele, unokufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu:

• Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ukungakwazi ukuma kakuhle (Iingxaki zokulinganisela)
• Isiyezi
• Iintlungu zendlebe
• Ukopha endlebeni
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okanye ukulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kukuva
• Ubomvu okanye ukopha endlebeni
• Ukukhala ezindlebeni, ukuva izandi ezahlukeneyo `(Tinnitus)`

Musa ukuzityeshela ezi mpawu. Ezinye iingozi zendlebe zimbi kakhulu kwaye zinokuba yingozi ebomini.

Zithini izizathu zokulimala kwendlebe?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba iindlebe zingonakaliswa. Makhe sijonge ezona ziphambili:

• Iingozi: Ukuwa, iingozi zeemoto, kunye nokwenzakala ngexesha lokudlala imidlalo (umzekelo, ukubethwa yibhola yekhilikithi) kunokubangela ukwenzakala okukhulu endlebeni.
• Utshintsho kuxinzelelo: Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kuxinzelelo endlebeni, njengaxa untywila kwi-scuba okanye ubhabha, lunokubangela ukuba i-eardrum iqhekeke. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-barotrauma.
• Ukufaka izinto zasemzini endlebeni: Abanye abantu bazama ukucoca iindlebe zabo ngokufaka ii-cotton swabs, iincam zepeni, okanye ii-hairpins ezindlebeni zabo. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu! Oku kungonakalisa umjelo wendlebe, kwaphule amathambo amancinci ngaphakathi endlebeni, okanye kwaphule i-eardrum.
• Ingxolo enkulu: Ingxolo enkulu ngequbuliso, njengokudubula kwesibhamu, ukuqhuma kwebhombu, okanye iikonsathi zomculo ezinkulu, zinokuqhekeza i-eardrum. Ukuhlala ixesha elide uziva ingxolo enkulu kunokubangela ukulahlekelwa kukuva okungapheliyo.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yokwenzakala endlebeni?

Ukulimala okukhulu kwendlebe kunye nokwenzakala entloko kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu, kuquka:

• `Ukuvuza kolwelo lomgogodla (CSF)`: Oku kukuphuma kolwelo olucacileyo olujikeleze ingqondo olubizwa ngokuba yi`cerebrospinal fluid` endlebeni. Oku kunokubangelwa kukwaphuka kwesiseko sentloko okanye sentloko. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi`Meningitis` (usulelo olukhulu lobuchopho, olufana ne-meningitis).
• Iingxaki zokulinganisela eziqhubekayo kunye ne-vertigo: Abanye abantu banokuba nesiyezi esingapheliyo kunye nokulahlekelwa yibhalansi.
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso: Emva kokwenzakala kakhulu entloko, izihlunu kunye nemithambo-luvo yobuso inokonakala, nto leyo ebangela ukukhubazeka kwelinye icala lobuso.
• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva okungapheliyo: Ezinye iingozi zinokubangela ukulahlekelwa kukuva okungapheliyo.
• Usulelo lwendlebe oluqhelekileyo: Iintsholongwane zinokungena nge-eardrum eqhekekileyo zize zibangele usulelo lwendlebe oluqhelekileyo.

Ufumana njani ugqirha weengxaki zendlebe?

Ukuba unengxaki yendlebe, ugqirha uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni.

• I-otoscope (isixhobo esikhethekileyo esinokukhanya) okanye imakroskopu isetyenziselwa ukujonga ngaphakathi endlebeni. Oku kungasetyenziselwa ukujonga izinto zangaphandle, usulelo, okanye umonakalo kwi-eardrum.
• Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwengozi, uvavanyo lomfanekiso, olufana ne-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scan, lunokwenziwa ukujonga indlebe yangaphakathi.
• Usenokwenza uvavanyo lokuva (i-Audiogram) ukuze ujonge ukuva kwakho.

Uyinyanga njani inxeba lendlebe?

Iindlela zonyango zimiselwa yindawo yengozi, ubukhali bengozi, kunye nonobangela wengozi.

• Ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela usulelo okanye ukunyanga usulelo olukhoyo.
• Ukopha: Ukuba igazi liqokelelene endlebeni (ukuthintela indlebe yekholifulawa), ugqirha uya kwenza umsikelo omncinci aze akhuphe igazi. Emva koko kuya kufakwa ibhandishi ekhethekileyo kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa.
• `Ossiculoplasty`: Olu lutyando lokulungisa umonakalo kumathambo amancinci (ii-ossicles) ngaphakathi kwendlebe ezisinceda ukuba sive.
• Utyando lokwakha ngokutsha: Oogqirha beplastiki banokulungisa umonakalo endlebeni, batshintshe imo yezicubu, baze banike indlebe imbonakalo yendalo. Ngamanye amaxesha, ii-graft zesikhumba zisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela izicubu ezilahlekileyo.
• Ukugquma: Imicu enzulu ivalwa ngezititshi okanye uhlobo oluthile lokuncamathelisa (iglu yotyando). Imicu ikwasetyenziselwa ukubamba i-cartilage ekhululekileyo endaweni yayo.
• I-Tympanoplasty: Uninzi lwexesha, i-eardrum ephukileyo iyaphola ngaphandle konyango. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezinzima, utyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-Tympanoplasty lunokufuneka ukuze kulungiswe i-eardrum ephukileyo kwaye kuvalwe umngxuma.

Ngaba ukwenzakala endlebeni kungathintelwa?

Kusenokungabi lula ukuthintela yonke into eyenzeka endlebeni. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Ziphephe iindawo ezinengxolo ephezulu, okanye sebenzisa isithintelo sendlebe (umzekelo, ukuba usebenza kwindawo yokwakha).
• Musa ukufaka nantoni na endlebeni yakho, nokuba kukuyicoca. Iwax engaphakathi endlebeni iza kuziphumela yodwa. Ukufaka izinti kuya kuyityhala iwax ngaphakathi kwaye kubangele ukwenzakala endlebeni.
• Xa uhamba ngenqwelo moya, sebenzisa ii-earplugs ezikhethekileyo ukunciphisa uxinzelelo ezindlebeni zakho, ukuhlafuna itshungama, okanye ukukhafula.
• Gcina isandi siphantsi xa umamele umculo ngee-earbuds kunye nee-headphones.
• Qiniseka ukuba unxibe isigcina-ntloko xa ukhwela ibhayisekile, i-skateboard, okanye i-motorcycle.
• Nxiba isigqubuthelo sentloko xa udlala imidlalo ethile (efana nebhokisi, iragbi, i-wrestling).

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphola kwinxeba lendlebe?

Oku kuxhomekeke kuhlobo kunye nobukhulu bengozi. Uninzi lweendlebe eziqhekekileyo kunye nokulimala okuncinci kuya kuphiliswa ngaphandle konyango. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqhekeka okunzulu kunye nokuqhekeka kwamathambo endlebe yangaphakathi kunokufuna utyando.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho niye nafumana ukwenzakala entloko kwaye niphuma igazi endlebeni, oko kungaba luphawu olubi kakhulu. Kusenokuba luphawu lokopha ngaphakathi engqondweni. Ngoko ke, kufuneka ufune ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Kwakhona, hlala ujonge ezi mpawu:

• Ukuba kukho ulwelo olucacileyo oluphuma endlebeni, aluyeki, kwaye umqamelo umanzi xa uvuka kusasa.
• Ukuba kukho ukudideka okanye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
• Ukuba uneentlungu zendlebe okanye intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu.
• Ukuba ufumana ingxaki yokuva ngequbuliso, isiyezi, okanye iingxaki zokulinganisela.
• Ukuba uyahlanza.

Nokuba ukwenzakala entloko kubonakala kuncinci, ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Fowunela ugqirha, fowunela ku-911 (eSri Lanka, fowunela i-1990 Suwaseriya Ambulance Service), okanye uye kwicandelo elikufutshane lesibhedlele esingxamisekileyo.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka sizikhumbule

Ukulimala endlebeni akuyonto ifanele ithathwe lula. Nangona ezinye zincinci, ezinye zinokuba yingozi kakhulu kangangokuba zingasongela ubomi.

• Ingakumbi ukuba wenzakele entloko kwaye uneempawu ezifana nokopha endlebeni, isiyezi, okanye ukulahleka kokuva, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
• Musa ukufaka nto endlebeni yakho. Indlebe sisitho esizihlambululayo.
• Nciphisa ukuvezwa kwingxolo enkulu kangangoko unako, okanye sebenzisa ii-earplugs.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhusela intloko yakho xa udlala imidlalo kwaye ukhwela ibhayisekile/ibhayisekile.

Luxanduva lwakho ukunyamekela iindlebe zakho. Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda!

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