Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi umntwana wakho usemva kancinci ekuncumeni, ekuqengqelekeni, okanye ekuthetheni amagama njengabanye abantwana? Oomakazi abakufutshane, oomama bakho ngamanye amaxesha bathi izinto ezinje, "Owu, umntwana wethu uyatsiba kule minyaka." Kuqhelekile ukuba umama okanye utata azive esoyika kwaye ekhathazekile xa esiva izinto ezinje. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungabi naxhala ngamaxesha anje, kodwa kukuqaphela ngokupheleleyo oku. Yiyo loo nto sicinge ukuthetha ngalo mba ubalulekileyo namhlanje, othi "Ukungenelela Kwangoko."
Yintoni kanye kanye "Ukungenelela Kwangethuba"?
Ngamafutshane, ukungenelela kwangethuba kubhekisa kwiinkonzo ezikhethekileyo ezinikezelwa kubantwana abancinci, oko kukuthi, iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci, abanokulibaziseka ekuphuhliseni okanye ukukhubazeka kokukhula, kwangoko kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukubanceda baphuhlise izakhono zabo.
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba la magama mabini athetha ukuthini.
- Ukulibaziseka kokukhula: Oku kwenzeka xa umntwana wakho efika emva kwexesha ekufikeleleni kwimigangatho ethile yokukhula xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abantwana abaneminyaka yakhe. Umzekelo, ngelixa abanye abantwana beqala ukujika xa beneminyaka emi-6, umntwana wakho uthatha malunga neenyanga ezi-8. Okanye ngelixa abanye bethetha igama elinye okanye amabini ngonyaka, umntwana wakho akabonakali ngathi uthetha nto. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "kukulibaziseka." Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ngenkxaso noqeqesho olufanelekileyo, aba bantwana banokufikelela kwabanye .
- Ukukhubazeka Kophuhliso: Oku kwahlukile kancinci. Le yimeko ehlala ubomi bonke. Oku kunokuchaphazela intshukumo yomntwana, ukufunda, unxibelelwano, okanye ukuziphatha kwakhe. Imizekelo emihle yoku yimeko efana ne- (Autism) kunye ne- (ADHD) .
Ngoko ke, injongo ephambili yeenkonzo zoNcedo lwaKwangoko kukunceda abantwana abanokulibaziseka okanye ukukhubazeka okunjalo baphuhlise izakhono ezisisiseko abazidingayo ebomini.
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi ezi zakhono:
- Ukuqengqeleka ebhedini
- Ukukhasa
- Ukuhamba ngeenyawo
- Ukufikelela kwizinto (ukufikelela kwizinto)
- Ukufunda nokusombulula iingxaki
- Ukuthetha nokumamela
- Ukuqonda abanye
- Ukudlala kunye nokunxibelelana nabanye abantu
- Ukuzinyamekela, njengokutya nokuzinxibisa
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha kukuqalisa ezi nkonzo kwangethuba. Ngokujongana nale meko ngokukhawuleza xa wena okanye ugqirha wakho ninokukrokrela, ninokubeka isiseko esihle somntwana wakho sokwakha izakhono azidingayo kuyo yonke into ebomini, njengokuya esikolweni, ukufumana umsebenzi kamva, kunye nokugcina ubudlelwane nabantu.
Ingakanani iminyaka esezantsi yokuqala ezi nkonzo?
Iinkonzo zoNcedo lwaKwangoko zenzelwe abantwana ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3 ubudala . Kwamanye amazwe, oku kwenziwa de kube yiminyaka emi-5 ubudala. NaseSri Lanka, kubaluleke kakhulu ukugxila kwezi zinto kwangethuba, oko kukuthi, ngaphambi kokuba kudlule iminyaka emi-3 ubudala.
Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi nkonzo zinokufuneka emva nje kokuba umntwana ezelwe. Kwenzeka njani oko? Khawuthelekelele, xa umntwana ezelwe, oogqirha bafumanisa isifo semfuza. Kwimeko ezinjalo, kuba loo meko inokuchaphazela ukukhula komntwana, oogqirha ngokwabo bakuthumela kwezi nkqubo zoNcedo lwaNgaphambi kokuQala.
Kodwa ezi zinto azibonakali rhoqo xa umntwana ezalwa. Ngamanye amaxesha xa uthatha umntwana wakho uye kwikliniki eqhelekileyo yenyanga, ugqirha okanye umbelethisi ngabona baqalayo ukuqaphela ukuba kukho ukulibaziseka okuncinci ekukhuleni komntwana. Emva koko bakuthumele kwiingcali kunye neengcali zonyango ezifunekayo.
Kodwa khumbula oku: Ukuba unento encinci ocinga ukuba "kukho into eyahlukileyo ngomntwana wam," ungalindi de kube yikliniki elandelayo. Mamela iimvakalelo zikamama wakho. Ukuba yiloo nto uziva ngayo, bona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza kwaye umchazele ngokucacileyo into oyibonayo nento oyivayo. Ukusuka apho, uya kukubonisa indlela eya phambili.
Ndingazifumana njani iinkonzo ezinje eSri Lanka?
Nangona amazwe afana ne-US eneenkqubo zikarhulumente ezahlukeneyo zoku, eSri Lanka le nkqubo yenzeka ngenkqubo yethu yezempilo. Into yokuqala neyona ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyenze kukubona ugqirha wezingane . Okanye ungathetha noMbelekisi wezeMpilo yoLuntu (PHM) wasekuhlaleni.
Oku kwenzeka rhoqo:
1. Utyelelo lokuqala kugqirha: Thetha nogqirha malunga nezinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Cacisa oko ukubonayo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho.
2. Uvavanyo lwezonyango: Ugqirha uhlola umntwana ngononophelo aze ajonge ukuba amanyathelo okukhula afezekiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo na.
3. Ukuthunyelwa kwiingcali: Ukuba ugqirha ukrokrela ukuba kukho ukulibaziseka, uza kukuthumela kwiingcali ezifunekayo. Ngabo ababonelela ngezi nkonzo zoNcedo lwaKwangoko.
| Inkonzo/Unyango | Olu hlobo lwabantwana lunceda ntoni? |
|---|---|
| Unyango lolwimi lwentetho | Abantwana abafika emva kwexesha ekuthetheni, banengxaki yokuqonda oko kuthethwayo, kwaye abazi ukuba bazive njani. |
| Unyango Lomsebenzi | Abantwana banengxaki yokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla efana nokutya, ukunxiba, ukubamba amathoyizi, nokubamba ipensile nokubhala ngokwabo. |
| Ulungiso lwenyama | Abantwana abaneentshukumo zomzimba ezilibazisekileyo ezifana nokukhasa, ukuhamba, ukubaleka, nokutsiba. |
| Iinkonzo ze-Audiology | Kubantwana abanengxaki yokuva. Kuba ukuba abava, abanakufunda ukuthetha. |
Ezi nkonzo ziyafumaneka ngeeYunithi zoPhuhliso lwaBantwana kwizibhedlele zikarhulumente, ingakumbi izibhedlele ezinkulu (umz. iLady Ridgeway Children's Hospital). Kukwakho namaziko akhethekileyo kwicandelo labucala ngenxa yale njongo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga noku.
Umntwana ufanelekela njani ezi nkonzo?
Ukuba iingcali zifumanisa ukuba umntwana unengxaki yokulibaziseka kokukhula okanye ukukhubazeka, loo mntwana uyafaneleka ukufumana ezi nkonzo. Oku kugqitywa emva kwenkqubo yovavanyo olunamanyathelo amaninzi.
1. Uvavanyo Lokuqala: Apha, iingcali zophuhliso lwabantwana (ezifana neengcali zokuthetha, iingcali zomzimba) zithetha kwaye zidlala nomntwana ukuvavanya izakhono zomntwana kunye nemingeni yakhe.
2. Isaziso seziphumo: Emva kolu vavanyo, iqela leengcali liza kuthetha nawe lize lichaze iziphumo. Apha ungafumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho uyazifuna na iinkonzo zoNcedo lwaKwangoko okanye akunjalo.
3. Uvavanyo oluNzulu:Nje ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukuba umntwana udinga iinkonzo, inyathelo elilandelayo kukufumanisa ukuba zeziphi iimfuno zomntwana kunye nokuba zeziphi iintlobo zonyango ezifanelekileyo.
4. Ukuphuhlisa iSicwangciso Esilungiselelwe Umntu Ngamnye: Okulandelayo, iqela leengcali liza kusebenzisana nawe ukwenza isicwangciso esijolise kumntwana wakho. Esi sicwangciso sichaza ngokucacileyo iimfuno zomntwana, iinkonzo ezibonelelwayo, kunye neenjongo esizilindeleyo.
Nje ukuba esi sicwangciso senziwe, umntwana uya kuqala ukufumana iinkonzo zonyango ezifunekayo. Kuyo yonke le nkqubo, ungabuza nayiphi na imibuzo kwaye ucacise naziphi na iintandabuzo. Esi sicwangciso sihlala sijongwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 kwaye kwenziwa utshintsho olufunekayo ngokusekelwe kwinkqubela phambili yomntwana.
Zeziphi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza njengomzali ekhaya?
Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ekhaya ukunceda umntwana wakho akhule. Ingcali yakho yezonyango iza kukunika iingcebiso ezithile ngomntwana wakho. Kodwa, khawucinge ukuba kufuneka ulinde iiveki ezimbalwa ukuze ubone ingcali. Endaweni yokuchitha elo xesha uxhalabile, kukho izinto ezilula onokuzenzela umntwana wakho.
Thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto. Ngokubanzi, izinto ezinje ngezi zinokukhuthaza kakhulu ukukhula kwengqondo yomntwana wakho:
- Mfundele iincwadi umntwana wakho: Khetha iincwadi ezinemifanekiso emikhulu nenemibala. Musa ukucinga ukuba umntwana wakho akayi kuyiqonda into oyifundayo. Ilizwi lakho kunye nesingqisho samagama akho zibeka isiseko sezakhono zolwimi zomntwana wakho.
- Cula iingoma: Iingoma zabantwana ezilula ezifana nokucula nokuqhwaba izandla zizisa uvuyo olukhulu emntwaneni.
- Nika abantwana bakho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto zokudlala: Vumela abantwana bakho bachukumise izinto zokudlala ezineemilo, imibala, kunye noburhabaxa obahlukeneyo. Oku kuya kukhulisa imvakalelo yabo yokuchukumisa.
- Khomba izinto ezikungqongileyo uze uthethe: Khomba ikati endlwini okanye intaka esibhakabhakeni uze uthi, "Khangela, nantsi ikati," okanye "Yintaka leyo."
- Biza yonke into: Xa utyisa umntwana wakho, yithi "le yibhotile yobisi," xa uhlamba, "le yisepha," kwaye ubize yonke into oyenzayo kwaye uyithathe.
- Thetha ngento oyenzayo: Vumela umntwana wakho akuve oko ukwenzayo ngelo xesha, njengokuthi "Umama utya irayisi ngoku," okanye "Masiye kuhlamba ngoku."
Xa uthetha nomntwana wakho ngale ndlela, nokuba akaphenduli xa udlala naye, usayifaka yonke loo nto engqondweni yakhe encinci. Sisenokungakwazi ukubona ezo zinto ngaphandle. Ngoko ke ungaze uyeke ukwenza ezi zinto.
Siphila kwihlabathi elikhawulezayo. Kukho inkolelo eluntwini yokuba yonke into mayiqale yenziwe, kwaye ibe ngcono. Ngoko ke, xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho usemva kancinci kwabanye, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba ukhathazeke ngekamva lakhe. Imibuzo efana nale, "Ngaba uza kukwazi ukwenza kakuhle esikolweni? Luhlobo luni lomsebenzi aza kuba nawo xa ekhula?" inokuvela engqondweni yakho.
Kodwa inyaniso kukuba, akukho mntu unokuqikelela ikamva lomntwana. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba wonke umntwana ukhula ngesantya sakhe . Kwakhona, uya kukhuthazwa kakhulu kukwazi ukuba iingcali zoNcedo lwaKwangoko zinolwazi nezixhobo zokuza kwindawo yomntwana wakho zize zimncede. Ziya kumnceda aphuhlise izakhono ngesantya esimfaneleyo, kwaye ziya kukufundisa kwaye zikuxhase ngendlela efanayo. Kuba ungalibali, ungutitshala wokuqala nobaluleke kakhulu umntwana aya kudibana naye ebomini.
Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho, thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo loo nto. Kwakhona, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukufuna nokubhekisa kwezi nkonzo. Okukhona uphanda kwaye ufunda ngale nto, kokukhona uya kuba nentembelo engakumbi ekwenzeni izigqibo ngekamva lomntwana wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo nokuba mancinci kangakanani malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho, musa ukuyityeshela nje uze ucinge ukuba "kuza kulunga," kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo thetha nogqirha wakho okanye umsebenzi wezempilo wosapho.
- Ayingabo bonke abantwana abafanayo. Musa ukukhathazeka ngokuthelekisa abantwana bakho nomnye nomnye. Umntwana ngamnye unesantya sakhe.
- "Ukungenelela Kwangethuba" lolona tyalo-mali lubalaseleyo onokulwenza kwikamva lomntwana wakho. Okukhona uqala kwangoko, kokukhona iziphumo zingcono.
- Awuwedwa kolu hambo. Baninzi abantu, kuquka oogqirha kunye neengcali zonyango, abanokukunceda. Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukufuna inkxaso yabo.
- Njengomzali, ixesha olichitha nomntwana wakho, indlela othetha ngayo naye, kunye nendlela odlala ngayo naye zinegalelo elikhulu ekukhuleni kwakhe.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment