Ngamanye amaxesha xa usiya kugqirha, unokuva umntu esithi, 'Sifanele sijonge ii-enzymes egazini.' Emva koko unokucinga, 'Zithini ezi enzymes? Kutheni zijongwa?' Ungakhathazeki, olu luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo olwenziwa rhoqo. Namhlanje, masithethe malunga nokuba zeziphi ezi enzymes markers kunye nesizathu sokuba zisixelele izinto ezibalulekileyo ngempilo yethu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le enzyme?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba imizimba yethu yifektri enkulu. Amawaka emisebenzi ayenzeka kule fektri rhoqo ngomzuzwana. Iienzymes zifana nabasebenzi abancinci kule fektri. Ezi ngokwenene luhlobo lweproteni. Aba basebenzi zizinto ezinceda utshintsho lweekhemikhali ezenzeka emzimbeni kwaye zonyusa isantya sazo.
Uvavanyo lwe-enzyme marker luvavanyo lwegazi olulinganisa ukuba zingaphi kwezi enzymes, okanye ii-enzymes, ezisegazini lakho.
Cinga ngezitho zomzimba zethu njengeendawo ezahlukeneyo kule fektri. Ngokwesiqhelo, aba basebenzi babizwa ngokuba zii-enzymes bangaphakathi kwamagumbi abo (iiseli). Kodwa ukuba ilungu lonakele, ligula, okanye lenzakele, kuba ngathi udonga olukwelo gumbi luphukile, kwaye ii-enzymes ezingaphakathi kwalo ziyavuza, oko kukuthi, zingene egazini. Oogqirha bajonga amanqanaba ee-enzymes egazini ukuze bafumane ukuba kukho into engalunganga emzimbeni. Ezi ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba zii-biomarkers . Oko kukuthi, uphawu olubonisa isifo.
Iienzymes emizimbeni yethu zenza imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo. Umzekelo:
- Kwinkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi: Inceda ukujiya kwegazi.
- Inkqubo yokwetyisa: Inceda ekugayeni ukutya esikutyayo.
- Inkqubo yemisipha: Inceda ekusebenzeni nasekushukumeni kwemisipha.
- Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo: Ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwengqondo kunye nemithambo-luvo.
- Inkqubo yokuphefumla: Inceda kwinkqubo yokuphefumla.
- Inkqubo yomchamo: Inceda ekususeni inkunkuma emzimbeni.
Kweziphi iimeko apho uvavanyo lwe-enzyme lwenziwa khona?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokuba ugqirha angakucela ukuba wenze olu hlobo lovavanyo.
- Uvavanyo: Ngamanye amaxesha, ngexesha lovavanyo lwakho lomzimba oluqhelekileyo lonyaka, olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukujonga nawuphi na umonakalo okanye uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwilungu, nokuba akukho zimpawu.
- Ukuxilongwa: Ukuba uneempawu ezithile, umzekelo, iintlungu zesifuba, olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo esithile, njengokuthi ingaba sisifo sentliziyo na.
- Ukubeka iliso kunyango:Ukuba sele ufumana unyango lwesifo esithile, olu vavanyo lukwasetyenziselwa ukubona ukuba unyango luyasebenza na okanye ukuba amayeza owasebenzisayo abangela umonakalo kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zovavanyo lwee-enzyme?
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi eziphambili zovavanyo lwee-enzyme ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga izifo ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Igama lovavanyo | Yintoni ejongwa kakhulu? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwe-Enzyme yentliziyo | Jonga ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo zonakele ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo okanye esinye isizathu. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-CPK Isoenzymes | Jonga ukuba akukho monakalo kwizicubu ezifana nezihlunu (kuquka izihlunu zentliziyo), ingqondo, kunye nemiphunga . |
| Uvavanyo lwe-Enzyme yesibindi | Jonga ukuba kukho na isifo okanye umonakalo oye wachaphazela ukusebenza kwesibindi . |
1. Uvavanyo lwe-Enzyme yentliziyo
Xa izihlunu zentliziyo zonakele kwimeko engxamisekileyo, njengokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, iiproteni ezimbini ezikhethekileyo zikhutshwa egazini zivela kwezo seli: iTroponin (cTn) kunye neCreatinine Phosphokinase (CPK) .
Cinga ngale ndlela: I-Troponin ifana nentlola ekhethekileyo efumaneka entliziyweni kuphela. Ingena egazini kuphela xa kukho ingxaki entliziyweni. Ke ngoko, olu luvavanyo oluchanekileyo kakhulu lokufumanisa isifo sentliziyo.
Kungathatha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuba amanqanaba e-troponin egazini anyuke emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ngoko ke, oogqirha ngamanye amaxesha bayaluphinda olu vavanyo rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbalwa. Ukuba amanqanaba e-troponin akabonakali, oko kuthetha ukuba akwenzekanga ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
Ugqirha angenza olu vavanyo ukuba unale mpawu:
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Isiyezi
- Isicaphucaphu
- Ukubila okugqithisileyo
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla)
2. Uvavanyo lwe-CPK Isoenzymes, oluchaza izihlunu kunye nezicubu
I-enzyme ebizwa ngokuba yi-CPK ifumaneka kwiindawo ezifana nezihlunu zethu, ingqondo, kunye nemiphunga. Xa ezi zicubu zonakele, i-CPK iqokelelana egazini. Kodwa kukho into ekhethekileyo ngale nto. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo (ii-isoenzymes) ze-CPK.
- I-CK-MB: Oku kufumaneka kakhulu kwimisipha yentliziyo .
- I-CK-MM: Oku kufumaneka kwezinye izihlunu (ezifana neengalo nemilenze).
Njengokuba amapolisa esebenzisa iminwe ukuze afumanise ukuba ngubani owenze ulwaphulo-mthetho, oogqirha bajonga ii-enzymes ezifana ne-CK-MB kunye ne-CK-MM ukuze babone ukuba umonakalo wenzeke entliziyweni okanye kwenye imisipha.
Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuxilongeni ezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo
- Istroke
- Umhlaza wobuchopho
- Ukungakwazi kwemisipha
- Ezinye izifo ezinxulumene nemisipha (i-Dermatomyositis, i-Polymyositis)
3. Uvavanyo lwe-Enzyme yesibindi ukujonga impilo yesibindi
Xa isibindi sonakele, sisulelekile, okanye sigula, sikhupha ii-enzymes ezininzi egazini. Ezimbini zezona enzymes zibalulekileyo yi -ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) kunye ne-AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) .
I-enzyme i-ALT iveliswa kakhulu sisibindi. Ke ngoko, amanqanaba aphezulu e-ALT egazini abonisa ukuba kukho umonakalo othile kwisibindi. Ukongeza kwisibindi, i-enzyme i-AST ikwafumaneka entliziyweni, ezintso, ebuchotsheni nakwimisipha.
Ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokubangela ukwanda kwee-enzymes zesibindi:
- Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha
- Iintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane ezifana nehepatitis A, B, kunye ne-C
- Isifo sesibindi
- Ukonakala kwesibindi ngenxa yokusebenzisa utywala
- Umhlaza wesibindi
Ufanele uzilungiselele njani ngaphambi kovavanyo lwegazi?
Olu luvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokulungiselela kakhulu. Kodwa ukukhumbula ezi zinto kuya kwenza kube lula kuwe nakumntu othatha igazi.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Ukusela amanzi amaninzi ngaphambi kovavanyo kwenza imithambo yakho ibonakale ngakumbi kwaye kwenza kube lula ukutsala igazi.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Xa utshaya, i-nicotine inciphisa imithambo yegazi, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukufumana isampuli yegazi.
- Ndixelele ukuba uyoyika: Abanye abantu bayoyika iinaliti (i-trypanophobia). Yinto eqhelekileyo. Ukuba unoloyiko olunjalo, xelela umntu otsala igazi lakho kwangaphambili. Emva koko baya kukwenza ngendlela ekulungeleyo.
Olu vavanyo lwee-enzyme aludingi kuzila ukutya, ingakumbi kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uvavanyo lwenziwa ngesizathu esinye, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho njengoko injalo.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo? Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi?
Ukufumana isampuli yegazi kudla ngokuba lula kakhulu, kwaye kuthatha imizuzu embalwa nje. Emva koko kufakwa ibhandishi encinci kwindawo apho igazi litsalwe khona. Oku kufuneka kushiywe apho kangangeeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukuthintela usulelo. Ngamanye amaxesha indawo apho inaliti ifakwe khona inokuba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kancinci kwaye idumbe kancinci. Oku kudla ngokuziphelela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa.
Ukuba indawo ibuhlungu emva kokutsalwa igazi, ungayifaka ipakethe yomkhenkce. Kwakhona, kuphephe ukuphakamisa iintsimbi okanye ukwenza umthambo onzima kuloo ngalo kangangemini.
Uvavanyo lwegazi luyinkqubo engenamngcipheko kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuziva besoyika xa bebona igazi okanye inaliti. Ukuba uziva ungakhululekanga, xelela ugqirha okanye umongikazi ngokukhawuleza.
Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ingxelo ifike? Wenza ntoni emva koko?
Kwimeko engxamisekileyo, njengokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ingxelo ifunyanwa ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa kungathatha iintsuku ezininzi ukufumana iziphumo zovavanyo oluqhelekileyo.
Emva kokufumana ingxelo, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba yintoni ekuyo.
Khumbula into enye. Awunakwenza izigqibo ezinkulu ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zovavanyo olunye. Yinto nje ebonisa isifo. Kusenokufuneka iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu ukuze kwenziwe uxilongo oluchanekileyo.
Ngoko ke, ungakhathazeki ngexabiso elikwingxelo, mamela ngononophelo oko kuthethwa ngugqirha. Mbuze nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-enzyme marker luvavanyo lwegazi olunokufumanisa umonakalo kwizitho zomzimba wethu, ingakumbi intliziyo, isibindi kunye nemisipha.
- Amanqanaba aphezulu ee-enzyme egazini athetha ukuba ii-enzymes ziyavuza kwiiseli zelungu elichaphazelekayo ziye egazini. Olu luphawu lwesifo okanye umonakalo.
- Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukuxilonga isifo, ukujonga impumelelo yonyango, kunye nokuhlolwa kwempilo ngokubanzi.
- Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ukuze uqonde ngokupheleleyo iziphumo zengxelo yovavanyo lwakho. Musa ukuzixilonga ngokwakho ngokukhangela ulwazi kwi-Intanethi.
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