Ukuba ungumama okhulelweyo, okanye sele ufumene iindaba ezimnandi, umnqweno omkhulu entliziyweni yakho kukuba nomntwana osempilweni. Ke, ngeli xesha, oogqirha bacebisa uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo lokujonga impilo yomntwana. Phakathi kwazo, sithetha ngohlobo lovavanyo olunokubonakala lunzima kancinci kwabaninzi, kodwa lubaluleke kakhulu. Olu luvavanyo lwemfuza, okanye njengoko sisithi ngesiNgesi, ' Uvavanyo lwemfuza '.
Ngubani omele enze olu vavanyo lwemfuza?
Ngamafutshane, nawuphi na umfazi unethuba lokwenza ezi vavanyo ngaphambi okanye ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, utata womntwana naye uthunyelwa kwezi vavanyo.
Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokuba ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu hlobo lovavanyo:
- Imbali Yosapho : Ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho okanye lweqabane lakho unesifo semfuza (umzekelo, i-thalassemia), umntwana naye usenokuba sengozini.
- Ubudala: Ngokubanzi, xa umama eneminyaka engaphezu kwama-35 ubudala, umngcipheko wokufumana izifo ezithile zemfuza (ingakumbi i-Down syndrome) uyanda kancinci.
- Iimeko zokukhulelwa zangaphambili: Ukuba ukhe waba nomntwana onengxaki yemfuza ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwangaphambili.
- Iziphumo zezinye iimvavanyo: Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimeko ezirhanelekayo ngexesha lovavanyo lwesinye iskeni okanye igazi oye walwenza.
Ezinye izifo zemfuza zixhaphake kakhulu kumaqela athile eentlanga. Umzekelo, isifo sikaTay-Sachs sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu baseMpuma Yurophu. Isifo seSickle cell sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu baseAfrika. I-Cystic fibrosis ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abamhlophe. Le yimizekelo embalwa nje. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nembali yosapho lwakho kunye nempilo yakho.
Zifuna ntoni kanye kanye ezi mvavanyo?
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zovavanyo lwemfuza. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ezi.
1. Uvavanyo Lokuhlola: Olu luvavanyo lokuqala olwenziweyo. Olu vavanyo alukuxeleli ngokupheleleyo ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo esithile. Endaweni yoko, lukuxelela ukuba umntwana wakho unokuba nesifo esithile (esiphantsi okanye esiphezulu) kangakanani (umz. i-'Down syndrome', i-'Trisomy 18', i-'Trisomy 13', i- 'Neural Tube Defects '). Ezi zihlala zenziwa ngokuthatha isampuli yegazi kumama.
2. Uvavanyo lwenkampani:Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba wena okanye utata womntwana "ningabathwali" bejini ebangela isifo. Umthwali uthetha ukuba umntu akanazo iimpawu, kodwa uphethe ijini ebangela isifo. Ukuba bobabini abazali bangabathwali besifo esifanayo, kukho ithuba lokuba umntwana abe neso sifo. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kwizifo ezifana ne-'Cystic fibrosis', 'Fragile X syndrome', 'Sickle cell disease' kunye ne-'Tay-Sachs'.
| Uhlobo lovavanyo | Yintoni evavanywayo? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo loHlolo (umz. Uvavanyo lwe-Double, Triple, Quadruple marker) | Ibonisa umngcipheko wosana wokuba nokukhubazeka kwe-chromosome efana ne-Down syndrome kunye ne-Trisomy 18. |
| Uvavanyo lwabathwali | Uvavanyo lokujonga ukuba umama okanye utata unesifo esibangelwa yimfuza (umz., i-thalassemia, i-cystic fibrosis). |
Zenziwa njani ezi mvavanyo? Ngaba yinto yokoyika?
Akufuneki ukhathazeke ngale nto konke konke. Kuzo zombini iimvavanyo `zovavanyo` kunye `nezothwala` esithethe ngazo apha ngasentla, umongikazi okanye igosa lelebhu yezonyango lithatha kuphela isampuli yegazi kuwe. Ngamanye amaxesha isampuli yamathe ingasetyenziswa. Oku kufana novavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo. Ezi vavanyo zisisiseko azibangeli monakalo okanye ingozi kuwe okanye kusana lwakho olungekazalwa.
Emva kokuba ingxelo ifikile... izinto ekufuneka sizazi
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo nedidayo. Ukuba ingxelo yakho yovavanyo lovavanyo ithi "Umngcipheko Omkhulu", musa ukoyika.
Ukuba uvavanyo lokuhlola luthi "umngcipheko ophezulu" akuthethi ukuba umntwana wakho ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba nesifo. Kuthetha nje ukuba kukho ithuba lokuba isifo sikhona kwaye kufuneka uvavanyo olongezelelweyo.
Cinga ngale ndlela, olu vavanyo lokuhlola lufana nengxelo yemozulu ethi kukho amafu amnyama esibhakabhakeni kwaye kusenokwenzeka ukuba imvula ina. Kodwa ukuze wazi ukuba iza kuna na kwaye ingakanani na, kufuneka ujonge phambili. Kunjalo ke ngale nto.
Ukuba ufumana iziphumo "ezinomngcipheko ophezulu", ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela into omawuyenze ngokulandelayo. Inyathelo elilandelayo lidla ngokuba luvavanyo lokuxilonga . Ezi zinokukuxelela ngokuchanekileyo ngaphezu kwe-99% ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo semfuza.
Uvavanyo lokuxilonga
Ezi azifani novavanyo lwegazi olwenziwe ngaphambili. Ezi zinzima kancinci. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili:
1. I-Amniocentesis: Inkqubo apho kususwa khona ulwelo oluncinci lwe-amniotic kwi-amniotic sac ejikeleze umntwana esibelekweni kwaye ivavanywe.
2. I-Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): Inkqubo apho kuthathwa isicubu esincinci kakhulu kwinxalenye ye-placenta size sihlolwe.
Ngenxa yokuba zombini ezi mvavanyo zinomngcipheko omncinci kakhulu wokuphuphuma kwesisu, oogqirha bacebisa kuphela ukuba uvavanyo lokuhlolwa lubonisa umngcipheko ophezulu.
Kutheni uvavanyo lukatata lubalulekile?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvavanya utata kwiimvavanyo zokuthwala umntwana. Ukuze umntwana abe nezifo ezithile zofuzo, umama notata kufuneka babe ngabathwali beso sifo. Khawuthelekelele, uvavanyiwe njengomthwali wesifo esithile. Kodwa ukuba uvavanyo luqinisekisa ukuba utata womntwana akangomthwali weso sifo, umngcipheko wokuba umntwana abe neso sifo phantse upheliswe ngokupheleleyo. Ke ngoko, ngamanye amaxesha uvavanyo lukatata lunokubonelela ngoncedo olukhulu.
Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo yonke le nto, uqonde iziphumo, kwaye uthathe isigqibo sokuba wenze ntoni emva koko. Angakunika icebiso elifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho, endaweni yokukhangela ulwazi kwi-intanethi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lwemfuza luhlobo olubalulekileyo lovavanyo olwenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa ukujonga impilo yomntwana.
- Uvavanyo lokuhlola lwenziwa kuqala, olubandakanya ukuthatha isampuli yegazi kunye nokufumanisa umngcipheko womntwana wokufumana isifo esithile. Olu vavanyo alulimazi umntwana okanye umama.
- Musa ukoyika ukuba uvavanyo lokuhlolwa lubangela ukuba ube "nomngcipheko ophezulu." Oko akuthethi ukuba unesifo, kodwa kuthetha ukuba kufuneka uvavanywe ngakumbi.
- Inyathelo elilandelayo kuvavanyo lokuxilonga, olufana ne-Amniocentesis okanye i-CVS, ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho isifo okanye akunjalo.
- Ngaphambi kovavanyo nasemva kokufumana iziphumo zovavanyo, qiniseka ukuba uxoxa ngalo nogqirha wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba uyayiqonda kakuhle loo nto.
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