Ngaba uhlala uziva ugcwele emva kokutya, unentlungu esiswini, kwaye unendle enuka kakubi nenamafutha? Usenokuba ulahlekelwa bubunzima ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ezi azizo iimpawu zokungazinaki. Namhlanje sithetha ngemeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency, okanye i-EPI ngamafutshane, enokubangela ezi mpawu.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-EPI?
Kulungile, masiyibeke ngolu hlobo. Sinesitho esibizwa ngokuba yipancreas esiswini sethu. Umsebenzi waso ophambili kukuvelisa ii-enzymes , uhlobo oluthile lwekhemikhali esinceda ekugayeni ukutya esikutyayo. Ezi enzymes zingena emathunjini ethu amancinci zize ziqhekeze ukutya esikutyayo, ingakumbi iioyile namafutha, ukuze umzimba wethu ukwazi ukufunxa.
Ngoku, okwenzekayo kumntu one-EPI kukuba ipancreas ayivelisi ii-enzymes ezaneleyo. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Ukutya akugaywa kakuhle. Umzimba awufunxi izondlo ozifunayo, ingakumbi amafutha kunye neevithamini ezinyibilikayo kumafutha (ezifana neevithamini A, D, E, kunye ne-K). Oku kubangela iingxaki ezifana nokuphazamiseka kwesisu kunye nokunciphisa umzimba.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ngoku kukho unyango oluhle kakhulu loku. Ukuba ufumana unyango olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo kwakhona.
Zithini izizathu ze-EPI?
Eyona nto ibangela i-EPI kukonakala okuthile kwi-pancreas. Oku kunokuba nezizathu ezahlukeneyo.
- I-pancreatitis exhaphakileyo: Oogqirha bayibiza le nto ngokuba yi-pancreatitis engapheliyo . Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ii-enzymes eziveliswa kwi-pancreas ziqala ukusebenza ngaphakathi kwi-pancreas ngaphambi kokuba zifike emathunjini amancinci. Oku konakalisa i-pancreas ngokwayo. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kubantu abasela utywala obuninzi. Kwakhona, izinto ezifana namanqanaba aphezulu amafutha egazini (ii-Triglycerides) kunye neenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka nazo zinokuchaphazela oku.
- Utyando: Le meko ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzeka ngenxa yotyando kwi-pancreas, esiswini, okanye emathunjini.
- Izifo ezizalwa nazo: Ezinye izifo ezidluliselwa kwilifa nazo zinokubangela i-EPI.
- I-Cystic Fibrosis: Abantu abanesi sifo bavelisa i-mucus etyebileyo nenamathelayo emizimbeni yabo. Le mucus ivala imibhobho ye-pancreatic, ithintela ii-enzymes ukuba zingaphumi.
- Isifo seShwachman-Diamond: Esi sisifo esibangelwa lufuzo. Kule meko, iiseli ezivelisa ii-enzymes kwi-pancreas ziyalahleka.
- Ezinye izifo: Abanye abantu basengozini yokufumana i-EPI ngenxa yezinye izifo zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya, ezifana nesifo sikaCrohn kunye nesifo seCeliac.
Uyazi njani ukuba une-EPI? Zithini iimpawu?
Kwinqanaba lokuqala, kusenokungabikho zimpawu, kodwa njengoko ipancreas yonakele kwaye amandla ayo okufunxa amafutha ehla, iimpawu ziqala ukubonakala kancinci kancinci.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna iingcebiso zonyango kwangoko nje xa uqaphela ezi mpawu, endaweni yokucinga ukuba, "Yintlungu yesisu nje."
Le theyibhile ingezantsi idwelisa ezona mpawu zixhaphakileyo.
| Uhlobo lwempawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu zenkqubo yokugaya ukutya |
|
| Iimpawu ezibangelwa kukungabikho kweevithamini |
Ugqirha ufumanisa njani esi sifo kanye kanye?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze emva koko akunike uvavanyo oluninzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
Imibuzo yokubuza ugqirha
- Ngaba unentlungu esiswini sakho esingaphezulu?
- Ingaba isitulo sinevumba elibi okanye sinamafutha? Ngaba kunzima ukusihlamba?
- Ngaba unesifo sorhudo okanye ukudumba?
- Ngaba ulahlekelwe bubunzima kutshanje?
Uvavanyo olunokucetyiswa
Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zovavanyo loku.
| Uhlobo lovavanyo | Yintoni evavanya oku? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Ijonga amanqanaba eevithamini emzimbeni kunye nokuba ipancreas ivelisa ii-enzymes na. Ingajonga nezinye izizathu, ezifana nesifo se-celiac. |
| Uvavanyo lweSitulo | Uvavanyo lwendle lweentsuku ezi-3 lulinganisa ukuba angakanani amafutha akwindle. Uvavanyo lwendle lwe-elastase-1 lukwajonga amanqanaba e-enzyme ebalulekileyo eveliswa yi-pancreas. |
| Uvavanyo lokuFanekisa | Ezi zinceda ukubona ukuba ipancreas ivuvukile na.
|
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Unyango oluphambili nolusebenzayo lwe-EPI yiPancreatic Enzyme Replacement Therapy (PERT) . Ngamafutshane, kukuthatha iipilisi ukuze kuthathelwe indawo ii-enzymes ezingaveliswa yipancreas yakho.
- Indlela yokuthatha iipilisi zePERT: Ezi pilisi kufuneka zithathwe ngexesha lokutya . Ukuba zithathwa ngaphambi kokutya, iienzymes ziya kuba ziphumile esiswini ngaphambi kokuba ukutya kufike kuso. Ukuba zithathwa emva kokutya, iienzymes ziya kuba zifike emva kwexesha emva kokuba ukutya kuqalile ukugaywa. Ke ngoko, ezi pilisi kufuneka zithathwe kunye nokutya okuphambili kunye nezidlo ezincinci .
- Amayeza anciphisa i-asidi yesisu: Ngamanye amaxesha, i-asidi ephezulu yesisu inokutshabalalisa ezi pilisi ze-enzyme ngaphambi kokuba zisebenze. Ukuyeka oku, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza afana ne-'Proton pump inhibitors' (umz. i-omeprazole) okanye i-'H2 blockers' (umz. i-famotidine).
- Izibulali-ntlungu:Ukuba kukho intlungu, ungathatha iyeza lokuthomalalisa iintlungu elifana neParacetamol ngokwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ukuba intlungu inzima, amayeza anamandla anokunikwa. Nangona kunjalo, amayeza anjalo anokuba ngumlutha, ngoko ke kufuneka asetyenziswe ngononophelo olukhulu kwaye phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha.
Ukongeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyanga isifo esisisiseko (umz. i-Chronic Pancreatitis, i-Cystic Fibrosis) esibangele imeko ye-EPI.
Ungazinyamekela njani?
Kunye namayeza, indlela ophila ngayo kunye nendlela otya ngayo nazo zibaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni le meko.
- Yitya izidlo ezincinci ezininzi: Endaweni yokutya izidlo ezinkulu kathathu ngemini, yitya izidlo ezincinci malunga nezihlandlo ezithandathu ngemini. Oku kuya kwenza kube lula ukugaya ukutya.
- Kuphephe utywala nokutshaya: Utywala benza kube nzima emzimbeni ukufunxa amafutha kwaye buyayonakalisa ipancreas. Ukutshaya kuyingozi nakwipancreas.
- Thatha iivithamini: Ekubeni umzimba ungazifunxi kakuhle, kuya kufuneka uthathe iivithamini ezifana neevithamini A, D, E, kunye ne-K ngaphandle. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika iivithamini kunye nemilinganiselo efanelekileyo.
- Funa ingcebiso kwingcali yesondlo: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna ingcebiso kwingcali yesondlo ukuze ulungiselele ukutya okunesondlo okufanelayo.
I-EPI ayisiyonto yokuxhalabela. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo nendlela yokuphila, ngokuqinisekileyo ungayilawula kwaye uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngokuchanekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-EPI sisifo sokugaya ukutya esenzeka xa ipancreas ingavelisi ii-enzymes ezaneleyo.
- Iintlungu zesisu, isitulo esinamafutha, urhudo, kunye nokuncipha komzimba zezona mpawu ziphambili. Musa ukuzityeshela ezi.
- Esi sifo sinokuchongwa ngokuchanekileyo ngokusebenzisa igazi, indle, kunye novavanyo lweskeni.
- Le meko inganyangwa ngempumelelo ngeepilisi ze-enzyme ezibizwa ngokuba yi-PERT.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungasebenzisi utywala nokutshaya ngokupheleleyo kwaye utye ukutya okunesondlo.
- Ukuba kuvela naziphi na iingxaki, thetha nogqirha wakho endaweni yokwenza izigqibo ngokwakho.
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