Ingaba iliso lakho lisengozini? (Ukulimala kweliso) Musa ukoyika, yazi ezi zinto!

Amehlo ethu axabiseke kakhulu kwaye abuthathaka kakhulu, akunjalo? Kwanesuntswana elincinci lothuli linokubangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu! Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ingozi encinci emehlweni, inokuba buhlungu kakhulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela nokubona kwethu. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba siqaphele ukwenzakala kwamehlo.

Yintoni ukwenzakala kwamehlo?

Ngamafutshane, ukwenzakala kweliso yilo naluphi na uhlobo lokulimala kweliso okanye kwizicubu ezijikeleze iliso. Oku kungaba yiyo nayiphi na into ukusuka kwimivumbo, umkrwelo, inxeba lokubhoboza, okanye ukutsha. Umzekelo, ukuba wenza into ethile okanye udlala kwaye ngempazamo ufumana into ethile elisweni lakho, okanye ukuba ufumana ikhemikhali elisweni lakho, kukwenzakala kweliso. Olu hlobo lokulimala lunokubangela intlungu kweliso kwaye lunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kombono okwethutyana okanye ongunaphakade. Ke ngoko, ukuba ukrokrela ukwenzakala kweliso, kungcono ukubona ingcali yamehlo ngokukhawuleza. Nangona ezinye iingozi ezincinci zinokunyangwa ekhaya, ezinye zifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziqhelekileyo zokulimala kwamehlo?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokulimala kwamehlo ezinokwenzeka. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.

1. Iliso Elimnyama

Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngale nto. Xa umntu ebethelwa, uthi une "liso elimnyama." Okwenzekayo kukuba iliso okanye izicubu ezijikeleze lona ziyatyumza. Kufana nokutyumza naphi na emzimbeni. Indawo ejikeleze iliso iyadumba ize ibe mnyama, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okanye ibe mfusa. Uninzi lwexesha, la matyumza ayaphola ngokwawo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha anokuba luphawu lomonakalo omkhulu wangaphakathi. Ngoko ke licebo elihle ukubona ugqirha.

2. Ukulimala Kwamehlo Angaboniyo

Lo ngumonakalo obangelwa yinto ebukhali (njengebhola okanye ilulwane) ebetha iliso ngamandla. Oku kunokubangela ukuba amathambo ajikeleze iliso aphuke ('ukuqhekeka kwe-orbital'). Ngamanye amaxesha la mathambo anokwaphuka kwaye izihlunu ezixhasa iliso zinokubanjwa. Kwakhona, ukuba ukubetheka okuqinileyo kubetha ngqo iliso, iindawo ezibuthathaka ngaphakathi zinokonakala, zikrazuke, okanye ziphuke ('ukuqhekeka kweglobe' okanye 'ukuqhekeka kweglobe'). Le yimeko embi kakhulu.

3. Ukutsha Kwamehlo

Oku kunokwenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.

• Kwiikhemikhali: Ezinye izinto zokucoca zasekhaya, izinto ezifana ne-bleach, okanye iikhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwiifektri zinokutshisa amehlo ukuba zingena emehlweni.
• Ukukhanya kwelanga: Ukukhanya kwelanga okunamandla ngequbuliso, njengokukhanya kwe-welding, kunokutshisa umphezulu weliso. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'corneal flash burn'. Ngokufanayo, ukukhanya kwelanga ixesha elide kwi-'UV' (infrared) radiation nako kunokonakalisa iliso.
• Amaqondo obushushu aphezulu: Izinto ezinje ngomlilo nomphunga nazo zinokutshisa amehlo.

4. Imikrwelo Yamehlo / Ukukrala Kwe-Corneal

Lo ngumkrwelo ('ukukrazulwa kwe-corneal') kumphezulu wenxalenye ecacileyo, ejikelezileyo yomphambili weliso, i-'cornea' . Oku kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana nezi:

• Iibhrashi zokuhombisa, izixhobo
• Iindlela zezikhonkwane
• Indlela ekrwelwe sisilwanyana njengekati.
• Ukuba iilensi zoqhagamshelwano azisetyenziswanga kakuhle
• Amasuntswana amancinci (njengothuli, isanti) abhabha ngequbuliso angene esweni

Xa ufumana umkrwelo elisweni lakho , kubuhlungu, kuphume iinyembezi, kwaye kuba nzima ukubona ukukhanya. Umkrwelo omncinci usenokungabi mkhulu kangako. Nangona kunjalo, umkrwelo onzulu unokuba yingozi.

5. Ukulimala komzimba wangaphandle

Kulapho into engeyoyaselisweni ingena khona elisweni. Umzekelo, iinkozo zesanti, iziqwenga zengca, iziqwenga zesinyithi, okanye iziqwenga zeglasi zinokungena elisweni. Ezi zinokubangela iintlungu, ukurhawuzelela, kunye nosulelo. Ukuba into ayiphumi kunye neenyembezi, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuze ayisuse.

6. Ukulimala Okungenelayo

Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu. Ibandakanya into ebukhali enamathele esweni, okanye into ekhawulezayo (njengembumbulu evela kwisibhamu se-BB) ingena ngqo esweni. Oku kunokwenzeka ngezinto ezifana nee-billy hook, ii-darts, izixhobo ezibukhali, kunye neetoy guns (ii-BB guns, iipaintball guns). Le nto inokuthi ihlale esweni. Kufuneka isuswe yingcali. Oku kunokubangela ukopha ngaphakathi kweliso kwaye konakalise iindawo zeliso.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweengozi zeglobe evulekileyo kunye neengozi zeglobe evaliweyo?

Nangona le yingxaki yezonyango kancinci, masiyiqonde ngokulula.

• ``Ingozi yeGlobe evulekileyo`` kukwenzakala okungene eludongeni lweliso, oko kukuthi, inxalenye emhlophe yeliso (`sclera`) okanye inxalenye engaphambili ecacileyo (`cornea`). Inxalenye emhlophe yeliso lethu ikhusela iindawo ezibuthathaka ngaphakathi. Ngoko ke, ukuba iindawo zangaphakathi zonakele kolu hlobo lwengozi, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokulahlekelwa yimbono engapheliyo.
• Ukwenzakala kweglobe evaliweyo kukwenzakala okungangeni eludongeni lweliso. Oku kuquka izinto ezifana neliso elimnyama, ukwenzakala okunamandla okubuthuntu, kunye nemikrwelo ekwi-cornea.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukwenzakala okukhulu kwamehlo?

Kunzima ukubona ngaphandle ukuba ukwenzakala kweliso kukhulu kangakanani. Usenokungazi ukuba kungene eludongeni lweliso okanye akunjalo. Inxeba elincinci okanye iqhekeza lenkunkuma elisesweni alikho likhulu kangako. Nangona kunjalo, naluphi na ukonzakala kweliso kunokuba yingozi. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha. Lumka nezi mpawu:

• Intlungu nokudumba: Ukuba unentlungu engapheliyo nenganyamezelekiyo , inokuba yingozi. Khangela kwakhona iintlungu ezivuthayo, ezitshayo, okanye eziba mandundu xa uphuma ngaphandle .Kwakhona luphawu lokuba izicwili zonakele kwaye ziqala ukuphola. Indawo ejikeleze iliso okanye inxalenye emhlophe yeliso inokudumba.
• Ukopha igazi elivela elisweni: Ukopha igazi (ukuvuza igazi) kunokuvela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zeliso.
• Ukuba umhlophe weliso ubonakala ngathi lichaphaza legazi (`i-subconjunctival hemorrhage`).
• Ukuba kukho ingqokelela yegazi phakathi kwe-cornea kunye nenxalenye enombala yeliso (iris) (hyphema).
• Ukuba kukho ukopha ngasemva kweliso, oko kukuthi, kwi-retina (i-retinal hemorrhage), oku kunokuchaphazela ukubona.
• Utshintsho embonweni: Ukuba kukho utshintsho embonweni kangangemizuzu engaphezu kwembalwa emva kwengozi, yiqwalasele loo nto.
• Umbono ofipheleyo, umbono ophindwe kabini.
• Amabala amnyama ahamba emoyeni, ukukhanya okukhanyayo.
• Ukuziva ngathi inxalenye yombono wakho imnyama.
• Ukuba umntwana wakho usemncinci, usenokungakwazi ukubona ukuba unengxaki yokubona. Kodwa ukuba uhambahamba ngendlela engaqhelekanga, kancinci, okanye uyawa, xhalaba.
• Utshintsho kwindlela elibonakala ngayo iliso: Jonga ukuba iliso elichaphazelekileyo libonakala lahlukile na kwelinye iliso.
• Kubonakala ngathi iliso elinye ligobile.
• Ubungakanani beliso elimnyama bukhulu ngokungaqhelekanga okanye buncinci.
• Iliso elinye libonakala ngathi liphuma okanye litshonile.
• Ukugoba okanye ukugoba okungaqhelekanga kwenkophe.
• Ukuziva kunzima ukujika iliso elinye liye kwicala elithile.
• Into engaqhelekanga elisweni: Ukuba uyazi ukuba kukho into engene elisweni lakho kodwa ayiphumi, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuze ayisuse. Usenokukwazi nokuyibona ngaphakathi kwelisweni lakho. Ukuba ayiphumi iinyembezi, musa ukuzama ukuyisusa ngokwakho, kuba unokubangela umonakalo omkhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha usenokucinga ukuba uyisusile loo nto, kodwa ukuba isavakala ngathi kukho into eselisweni lakho, olo lolunye uphawu lokuba kufuneka uye kugqirha.
• Ukulimala okanye ukukhubazeka okubonakalayo: Ukuba kukho ukwenzakala okubonakalayo kwingqayi yeliso, okanye ukuba nayiphi na indawo yeliso okanye iliso ibonakala ingaqhelekanga okanye yahlukile, musa ukulibazisa ukufuna unyango. Ukusikeka okubonakalayo, ukutsha, okanye ukuphuma kwamanzi elisweni zonke ezi ziimpawu ezicacileyo zengozi. Ukuba uyazi ukuba kukho ikhemikhali engene elisweni, yingozi enkulu. Hlamba iliso ngamanzi ahambayo ngoko nangoko uze ubone ugqirha.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Xa unesilonda samehlo, musa ukusityeshela nje. Nokuba sisilonda esincinci sinokuba sisiqalo sengxaki enkulu. Ngoko ke, nanini na xa ungaqinisekanga, funa ingcebiso kagqirha.

Kutheni ukwenzakala kwamehlo kubuhlungu kangaka?

Eyona nto ibangela ukuba ukwenzakala kwamehlo kube buhlungu kangaka kukuba amehlo ethu azaliswe ziingcingo ezininzi zemithambo-luvo.Ezi mithambo-luvo zilawula ukusabela, iintshukumo, kunye nokubona kwamehlo ethu. Zikwayimbangela yokuba amehlo ethu aphendule ngokukhawuleza nakweyiphi na imvakalelo. Nokuba kukukrweleka okuncinci kumphezulu weliso ('ukukrweleka kwe-corneal') kunokubangela iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo kuba kuveza iziphelo zemithambo-luvo.

Ziziphi izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokulimala kwamehlo?

Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba kwenzeke ukwenzakala kwamehlo. Kubalulekile ukuba sizikhathalele ezi zinto kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.

• Ukulimala kwezemidlalo: Imidlalo edibanisayo, efana nebhola ekhatywayo kunye nebhokisi, imidlalo eneebhola ezihamba ngokukhawuleza (ezifana nekhilikithi kunye netenisi), kunye nemidlalo esebenzisa amalulwane kunye neerakhethi zinokubangela ukwenzakala kwamehlo. Ukulimala kwezemidlalo okuninzi kunokuthintelwa ngokunxiba izibuko zokukhusela amehlo, ezifana neeglasi. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke imidlalo ezinezixhobo zokukhusela ezisemthethweni.
• Iingozi emsebenzini: Abantu abasebenza kwimizi-mveliso, kwiindawo zokwakha, abakwiintsimbi, abasika isinyithi, nabasilayo banokwenzakala emehlweni ngenxa yenkunkuma ebhabhayo, iikhemikhali kunye nemitha kwindawo yokusebenza.
• Umsebenzi wasekhaya nowasegadini: Iisarha, iidrili, ipeyinti, kunye neekhemikhali ezisetyenziswa ekulungiseni ikhaya zinokubangela ukwenzakala. Izixhobo zokusika ingca kunye nezixhobo zokuvuthela amagqabi zinokuphosa inkunkuma emehlweni. Iikhemikhali okanye ubushushu zinokutshisa amehlo ngelixa ucoca ikhitshi, igadi, okanye indlu.
• Ukuwa nokungqubana: Iingozi zeemoto zezona zinto zibangela ukwenzakala kwamehlo. Nokuba kukho into ekubethelayo, okanye iiglasi zingena emehlweni akho. Ukuwela kwizinto ezifana nezibambo zomnyango okanye ifenitshala nako kunokubangela ukwenzakala kwamehlo. Abantwana abancinci banokwenzakala ngokungqubana namathoyizi kwiindawo zokudlala, okanye banokwenzakala ngokuzibetha.
• Izinto Zokudlala Nezinto Ozithandayo: Izinto zokudlala ezibhabhayo, izibhamu zomoya, kunye ne-yo-yo zezona zinto ziphambili ezinokubangela ukwenzakala kwamehlo kubantwana abancinci. Kwakhona, izixhobo zokuzoba, iipeni, kunye nezikere ziyingozi. Izinto ezifana nezibhamu ze-BB kunye nezibhamu zepeyinti zinokubangela ukwenzakala kwamehlo kuye wonke umntu, nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi. Njengokuba abantu abangaqeqeshwanga nabo benokubangela ukwenzakala kwamehlo xa bekhanyisa iifirecrackers ekhaya.
• Ubundlobongela: Ubundlobongela basekhaya, ukuhlaselwa, kunye nokulwa esitalatweni kunokubangela amehlo amnyama kunye nokulimala okunye.

Iingcali zamehlo zifumanisa njani iingxaki zamehlo?

Xa usiya kugqirha, baza kuqala bakubuze ngeempawu zakho kunye nendlela eyenzeke ngayo ingozi. Ukuba uneentlungu, baza kuzama ukunciphisa loo ntlungu ngaphambi kokuba bahlole amehlo akho. Nangona beza kuqala bahlole iliso elonzakeleyo, baza kuqala bahlole omabini amehlo ukuze babone ukuba kukho utshintsho na kuwo omabini la mehlo. Baza kukhangela iimpawu zomonakalo wamehlo, baze emva koko bahlole umbono wakho. Oku kunokubandakanya iintlobo ngeentlobo zovavanyo. Ugqirha angenza oku kulandelayo:

• Amehlo akho kunye nezicwili ezikufutshane ziya kuhlolwa ukuba azidumbanga, azinamikrwelo, azinagazi, okanye azinakwenzakala.
• Ujonga izinto ezingaqhelekanga okanye amaqhekeza amancinci ngaphakathi kweliso.
• Ijonga indlela imbombo yeliso lakho efinyela ngayo (ikhula ibe nkulu nangakumbi) kunye nendlela amehlo akho ahamba ngayo.
• Umbono wakho uza kuvavanywa kwaye ingaphakathi leliso lakho liza kuhlolwa kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo (uvavanyo lwamehlo).
• Ukuba kuyimfuneko, iimvavanyo zomfanekiso ezifana ne-X-ray, i-ultrasound, i-CT scans, okanye i-MRI scans yeliso kunye nendawo engqongileyo zinokuyalelwa.
• Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunikwa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu, okanye kuhlolwe okanye kunyangwe phantsi kwe-anesthesia eqhelekileyo.

Yintoni onokuyenza ekhaya ukuba unesilonda samehlo?

Le yingxaki ebaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuba kukho ikhemikhali efika emehlweni akho, hlambulula amehlo akho ngamanzi ahambayo ngoko nangoko ubuncinane imizuzu eli-15. Emva koko yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Kuzo zonke ezinye iimeko, kufuneka uhlale ubonana nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba uzinyange ekhaya. Nokuba ukwenzakala kubonakala kuncinci, fowunela ubuze ukuba ufuna ukuza na. Ukuba ugqirha uyihlolile waza wayinyanga ingozi waza wafumanisa ukuba inokunyangwa ekhaya, baya kukuxelela ukuba wenze izinto ezinje:

• I-cold compress: Beka i-ice pack egqunywe ngelaphu elicocekileyo phezu kweliso ngobunono.
• Amaconsi amehlo: Ugqirha angakunika amaconsi akhethekileyo amehlo ukunceda amehlo akho aphile ngokukhawuleza.
• Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu: Ugqirha uza kukuxelela ukuba zeziphi iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu ezifanelekileyo ukuzisebenzisa.
• Ipetshi yamehlo: Usenokucelwa ukuba usebenzise ipetshi yamehlo ukuze ugcine iliso lakho livaliwe de liphole.

Baphila njani abo bafumene ukulimala kwamehlo?

Oku kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Ukuhlolwa kwangoko kunye nonyango ngugqirha wamehlo kunokunyusa kakhulu amathuba okuchacha kwaye kuthintele ukulahleka kokubona okungapheliyo. Izinga lokuchacha lixhomekeke koku kulandelayo:

• Ixesha elichithwe ndifumana unyango.
• Ubunzima bengozi.
• Uhlobo lwengozi eyenzekileyo.

Ndingenza ntoni ukukhusela amehlo am ekonzakaleni?

Nangona singenakuzithintela zonke iingozi, sinokuzithintela iingozi ezininzi zamehlo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo onokuyenza ukukhusela amehlo akho kukunxiba izihlangu zokukhusela amehlo ezifanelekileyo kumsebenzi owenzayo. Funda imiyalelo yokhuseleko ngononophelo xa udlala umdlalo omtsha, usenza iprojekthi yasekhaya, okanye usebenzisa ikhemikhali entsha. Kwakhona, soloko ujonga abantwana abancinci kwizinto ezibukhali, amathoyizi, okanye iikhemikhali zokucoca indlu.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha xa ndinengxaki yeliso?

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nineempawu zokwenzakala kweliso, fowunela ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba anganyangwa, uninzi lwezimo zokulimala kweliso lunokubangela ukulahleka kokubona, ubumfama, kunye nezinye izifo zamehlo.

• Ukuba kukho ikhemikhali okanye enye into ebangela ukucaphuka emehlweni akho, zihlambe ngamanzi acocekileyo uze ubize ugqirha.
• Ukuba kukho into ebukhali ebambeke elisweni lakho, musa ukuzama ukuyisusa ngokwakho. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba ingozi imbi kakhulu, fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka lesibhedlele esikufutshane. Umonakalo omkhulu wamehlo kunye nokulahlekelwa ngumbono ngenxa yeengozi zamehlo kunokukhokelela ekubeni ube yimfama engunaphakade ukuba awunyangwa.

Okokugqibela, khumbula oku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukulimala kwamehlo yinto ongaziyo ukuba iza kufumaneka nini okanye ngubani. Ngoko ke, soloko ulumkile kwaye unxibe iimpahla zokukhusela amehlo. Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninenxeba lamehlo, ungaze uhlikihle iliso lakho. Ungaze uzame ukususa into ebukhali ebambeke esweni lakho okanye ejikeleze iliso lakho. Ezinye iingozi zamehlo zinokubangela ukulahleka kokubona okungapheliyo - ngoko ke funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Amehlo akho axabiseke kakhulu kuwe, ngoko ke luxanduva lwakho ukuwanyamekela. Musa ukoyika, kodwa qaphela!

Umonakalo wamehlo , ukwenzakala kwamehlo, iingozi zamehlo, iliso elimnyama, ukukrala kwe-corneal, uncedo lokuqala lwamehlo, ukhuseleko lwamehlo