Ubuzazi ezi zinto ngeenkophe zakho?

Iinkophe zethu ziyinto esiyisebenzisa yonke imihla, kodwa asicingi kangako ngayo. Khawucinge nje, uqhwanyaza kangaphi ngemini? Ngaba wakha wacinga ngenkonzo engakanani ezi nkophe zimbini zincinci ezibonelela ngayo emehlweni ethu? Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngezi nkophe, umsebenzi wazo, kunye neengxaki ezincinci ezinokuvela.

Kutheni iinkophe zibaluleke kangaka kuthi?

Ngamafutshane, iinkophe zakho zifana nesigqubuthelo sendalo sokukhusela amehlo akho. Cinga ngako, ezi nkophe zikhusela amehlo akho eluthulini, ukungcola, nokukhanya okungafunekiyo. Ayipheleli apho, zikwanceda ukugcina umswakama ngaphakathi kweliso, zithintele ukuba lome, kwaye zigcina umphezulu weliso uthanjiswe, okanye uthambile .

Ubusazi na ukuba ekuphela kwento yolusu lwethu engenawo umaleko weoyile phantsi kwalo (oko kukuthi, amafutha angaphantsi kwesikhumba ) ziinkophe. Yiyo loo nto ulusu oluncinci emizimbeni yethu lukwiinkophe. Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili yoku kukukhusela amehlo ethu. Kuba iintsholongwane emoyeni zinokungena lula kumphezulu wamehlo ethu. Ngoko ke, iinkophe zisebenza njengodonga ukuthintela ezo ntsholongwane ukuba zingangeni.

Iinkophe azikho nje into ehleli phezu kweliso. Kufuneka zityibilike kakuhle phezu kweliso. Amehlo ethu afuna ukufuma okuvela kwiinyembezi. Oku kungenxa yokuba iinyembezi zinceda i-cornea , inxalenye ecacileyo yeliso ephambi kweliso elimnyama (elingenamithambo yegazi), ukuba ifunxe ioksijini emoyeni.

Umzekelo omhle, iinkophe zifana ne-wiper yefestile emotweni okanye umthunzi orhoxayo kwifestile endlwini . Njenge-wiper, zinceda ukugcina umphezulu weliso ucocekile kwaye ukhuselekile. Njengekhethini, zinokuvala iliso kwaye zilawule ubungakanani bokukhanya okungenayo.

Zeziphi iindawo eziphambili zeliso?

Iinkophe zethu zineendawo ezininzi. Ezinye ziyasebenza, oko kuthetha ukuba zinomsebenzi othile. Ezinye zintle, oko kuthetha ukuba zinegalelo kwinkangeleko yakho.

Into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba ukuba "ubuhle" akuthethi ukuba akubalulekanga. Ukuba awonelisekanga yindlela obonakala ngayo, inokuchaphazela impilo yakho yengqondo neyomzimba ngokufanayo. Yiyo loo nto ukukhathazeka ngenkangeleko yakho kungeyonto nje engenamsebenzi. Kuchaphazela indlela oziva ngayo engqondweni nasemzimbeni.

I-Conjunctiva (i-membrane yangaphakathi yeliso)

Ngaphakathi kwejwabu lakho, kukho ijwabu elincinci elibizwa ngokuba yi-conjunctiva . Eli jwabu ligoba lize ligubungele inxalenye emhlophe yeliso lakho ( i-sclera ). Eli jwabu lilo elivumela iinkophe zakho ukuba zihambe kakuhle. Likwasebenza njengomaleko okhuselayo phezu kwenxalenye enkulu yomphezulu ongaphambili weliso lakho.

Iinkophe

Iinkophe zakho luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweenwele. Zihlala ixesha elide kuneenwele ezisemzimbeni wakho wonke, kwaye azinakwenzeka ukuba zibe ngwevu kuneenwele ezisentloko yakho. Ngokomyinge, kukho malunga ne-100 ukuya kwi-150 yeenkophe (ngesiqhelo kwimigca emibini okanye emithathu) kwinkophe ephezulu, kwaye malunga ne-50 ukuya kwi-75 kwinkophe esezantsi.

Iinkophe azipheleli nje ekuzilungiseni. Imisebenzi yazo yile:

• Bamba uthuli kunye namasuntswana amancinci: Uthuli kunye namasuntswana amancinci adada emoyeni abanjwe kwiinkophe kwaye athintelwe ukungena emehlweni.
• Ukugcinwa komswakama: Oku kunceda ukuthintela izinto zangaphandle ukuba zingangeni kwaye kugcina nomswakama ojikeleze amehlo.
• Ukubona ingozi: Iinkophe zibuthathaka kakhulu kuyo nayiphi na into ezichukumisayo. Khawuthelekelele, xa uhamba ebumnyameni, wolula isandla sakho ukuze ungabetheki eludongeni okanye kwizinto. Ngokufanayo, ukuba kukho into echukumisa iinkophe zakho, amehlo akho ayavaleka njengesixhobo sokuzikhusela.

Iigland zeMeibomian

Ngaphakathi kwiinkophe, ngasemva kweenkophe, kukho uthotho lwee-glands ezincinci ezivelisa ioyile. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-meibomian glands . Ioyile eziyivelisayo ibizwa ngokuba yi-meibum . Le oyile ixutywa neenyembezi ukuze igqume kwaye ikhusele umphezulu weliso. Xa iinyembezi zidibana ne-meibum, zisebenza ngcono ngakumbi ekuthambiseni nasekukhuseleni iliso.

Imisipha edibeneyo kunye nemisipha

Ngaphantsi kolusu lweenkophe eziphezulu nezisezantsi kukho iindawo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-tarsal plates . Nangona ezi "plates" zibizwa ngokuba zii-"plates", ezi azizo ii-plates. Zii-connective tissue fibers ezixineneyo.

Njenge-elastic esesinqeni sengubo, ezi plate ze-talus zinceda ukubamba iinkophe ngokuqinileyo kumphezulu weliso. Izihlunu kunye nezinye izicubu ezinxibelelanayo ezijikeleze iliso zitsala ezi plate ze-talus, ezihambisa iinkophe phezulu nasezantsi.

Izihlunu

Kukho ezinye izihlunu ezininzi ezinamathele kwaye zijikeleze iinkophe. Ezi zezona zinceda ekutsaleni iinkophe phezulu nasezantsi. Zikwasetyenziselwa ukulawula imbonakalo yobuso, njengaxa sikrwitsha amehlo ethu ngenxa yokufuna ukwazi okanye sivula amehlo ethu ngenxa yokumangaliswa.

Ukugoba kunye nokugoba

Xa sivula size sivale amehlo ethu, amehlo ethu anemiqolo yendalo kunye nemiqolo ewagcina engenakugoba. Usenokuba nokugoba kube kanye okanye kube kabini, kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezimbalwa.

Zithini iimilo ezahlukeneyo zamehlo?

Ukuma kwamehlo akho kuxhomekeka kwizakhiwo ezikwiinkophe zakho nakwindawo ezijikeleze amehlo akho. Nangona kungekho luhlu olusemthethweni lwemilo yamehlo, kukho amagama athile asetyenziswa ukuchaza izakhiwo (okanye imbonakalo yezo zakhiwo) ezinegalelo kwimilo yeliso.

Elinye igama eliphambili "yi-palpebral fissure." Eli ligama lobuchwephesha lesithuba apho iinkophe zakho zahlukana khona, nto leyo edala isithuba phakathi kweenkophe zakho eziphezulu nezisezantsi. Le ntlambo ye-palpebral ingabonakala ngolu hlobo:

• Imile okwe-almond:Le milo ixhaphakile kwiintsana ezincinci. Idla ngokunyamalala njengoko izicubu zobuso namathambo zikhula.
• Ubude: Oku kubhekisa kumehlo anomgama omde othe tyaba ukusuka kwikona engaphakathi yeliso ukuya kwikona engaphandle. Ukuba obu bude ngokungaqhelekanga (obu bude buyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka, isini, kunye nezinye izinto), isenokuba luphawu lwezinye iingxaki zemfuza okanye iimeko zonyango ezingaqhelekanga.
• Mfutshane: Lo ngumgama omfutshane ngokungaqhelekanga othe tyaba ukusuka kwikona engaphakathi yeliso ukuya kwikona engaphandle. Lo mgama uyahluka ngokweminyaka. Unokwenzeka ngotshintsho oluthile lwemfuza kunye neemeko zonyango, ezifana ne -blepharophimosis syndrome .
• Ukuhla okanye ukuhla: Oku kubhekisa kubude beekona zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zamehlo. Ukuba iikona zangaphandle zamehlo akho ziphezulu ebusweni bakho kuneekona zangaphakathi, kubizwa ngokuba yi-"up-slanted palpebral fissure." Ukuba iikona zangaphandle zisezantsi, kubizwa ngokuba yi-"down-slanted palpebral fissure."

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuchaphazela imilo yamehlo:

• Amehlo e-Monolid: Kulapho iinkophe zakho zigoqeka khona endaweni yezimbini. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-epicanthic fold okanye i-epicanthal fold . Kuqhelekile kubantu baseMpuma Asia bayo yonke iminyaka. Kunokufumaneka nakwiintsana zezinye iintlanga, kwaye kancinci kancinci ziyanyamalala njengoko ubuso bazo bukhula.
• Amehlo ane-hood: Oku kubhekiselele kubungakanani obungaqhelekanga besikhumba seenkophe okanye ulusu lwebunzi oluxhonywe phezu kwamehlo akho.

Ziziphi izifo neemeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela iinkophe?

Kukho iimeko ezininzi ezinokuchaphazela iinkophe. Zinokuba zeentlobo ngeentlobo, njengezifo ezinxulumene nemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha, izifo zolusu, izifo ezithile kwiinkophe okanye amehlo ngokwawo. Iinkophe nazo zinokuba sengozini yokwenzakala ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Abanye abantu banokuba neemeko ezichaphazela ulwakhiwo lweenkophe.

Izifo ezinxulumene nemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha

Izifo ezinokuchaphazela ulawulo lwemithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha kwiinkophe nakwiindawo ezingqongileyo:

• Ukukhubazeka kukaBell
• I-Blepharospasm kunye nezinye iindlela zokuxhuzula kwamehlo
• Ijwabu eligobileyo ( i-Ptosis )
• Iintloko ezibuhlungu ze-Hemiplegic
• Istroke kunye nohlaselo lwe-ischemic olukhawulezileyo (ii-TIA)

Izifo zolusu

Imizekelo yezifo zesikhumba ezinokuchaphazela iinkophe:

• I-dermatitis yejwabu leso
• I-psoriasis yejwabu leso
• I-rosacea yeliso
• Iithegi zesikhumba/ii-Acrochordons

Izifo ezithile emehlweni nakwiinkophe

• Amaqhuma atyheli kufutshane neenkophe ( Xanthelasmas))
• Amaqhuma okanye ii-cysts ( ii-chalazions ) ezibangelwa zii-meibomian glands ezivalekileyo
• Amaqhuma okanye ukudumba okujikeleze iifollicles zeenkophe ( IiSyes kunye neeSyes zangaphakathi )
• Izifo zamehlo ( iConjunctivitis / iLihlo elipinki )
• Izifo zamehlo, umz. iKeratitis
• Iinkophe eziguqulweyo ( iTrichiasis )
• Iinkophe ezijika zingene ngaphakathi (Entropion) okanye ngaphandle (Ectropion)
• Isifo se-Floppy eyelid
• Ukudumba kwamehlo ( i-Blepharitis )
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Meibomian gland
• Usulelo lweliso okanye ulusu olujikeleze iliso ( orbital cellulitis )

Ukwenzakala kweenkophe

Imizekelo:

• Ukutsha
• Ukukrala
• Ukurhawuzelelwa

Izifo ezinxulumene nolwakhiwo lweenkophe

Abanye abantu bazalwa beneengxaki ngeenkophe zabo kuba azikhuli kakuhle (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-congenital anomaly). Abanye baneengxaki ngesakhiwo seenkophe zabo ngenxa yeengozi okanye ezinye iimeko zonyango. Ezinye iimeko ziyenzeka kuba ulusu lulahlekelwa bubuthambile kwaye luwohloka njengoko sikhula.

Eminye imizekelo yezifo ezinxulumene nolwakhiwo lweenkophe:

• I-Cryptophthalmos: Oku kuthetha "iliso elifihliweyo." Abantu abanale meko banamathelisa amehlo abo.
• I-coloboma yeenkophe: Ezi ziingceba ezincinci okanye izikhewu apho i-eyelid ingakhulanga kakuhle. Oku kunokubonakala kufana nomlomo oqhekekileyo.
• Iinkophe ezimbini ( Distichiasis ): Abanye abantu bakhula imiqolo emininzi yeenkophe kunokuba bekulindelwe. Oku kubangela ukuba iinkophe zibe kufutshane kakhulu nomphezulu weliso, nto leyo enokubangela amehlo arhawuzelelweyo kunye nezinye iingxaki.

Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezifo zeenkophe?

Njengeendawo ezininzi zobuso bakho, amehlo akho aneziphelo ezininzi zemithambo-luvo. Ngenxa yoko, amehlo akho anovelwano kakhulu kwiintlungu . Ezinye iimpawu zeengxaki zamehlo ziquka:

• Ukugoba okanye ukukhululeka.
• Ukugoba kwamehlo ( iMadarosis ).
• Utshintsho kumbala wesikhumba seenkophe.
• Ukurhawuzelela okanye ukutshisa.
• Ukudumba.

Izifo zeenkophe zinokuchaphazela nomphezulu weliso, ingakumbi ukufuma kweliso. Iimpawu zezifo zeenkophe ezinokuvela kumphezulu weliso ziquka:

• Amehlo omileyo.
• Iinyembezi okanye ukuphuma kwamanzi emehlweni.
• Ukurhawuzelelwa okanye ukudumba kwamehlo.
• Intlungu yamehlo.
• Amehlo anamanzi ( i-Epiphora) .

Iimpawu ezinxulumene nokuqhaqhazela kweenkophe okuyingozi okanye ngequbuliso

Iimpawu ezimbini ezinxulumene neenkophe zingabonisa iingxaki zengqondo okanye inkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Zibuthathaka bemisipha kwelinye icala (I-Hemiparesis (Hemiparesis ) okanye i-paralysis (Hemiplegia ) yiyo nayiphi na imeko echaphazela ijwabu elinye kunye/okanye icala elinye lobuso.

Ezi mpawu zicala linye zihlala ziyimpawu zestroke . Ukuba unayo le nto, okanye ukuba ubona omnye umntu enayo , kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-119 (okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni) ngoko nangoko.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo eziqhelekileyo ezenziwa kwiinkophe?

Iingcali zamehlo zihlola ngononophelo iinkophe ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo. Oku kungabandakanya ukulinganisa indlela ezishukuma ngayo iinkophe, indlela ezisabela ngayo kutshintsho oluthile, kunye nokuhlola iinkophe ngokuzichukumisa okanye ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokukhulisa amehlo.

Abanye oogqirha – abanjengoogqirha bonyango oluphambili, oogqirha besikhumba, okanye oogqirha beplastiki nabalungisayo – banokuhlola iinkophe ngexesha lovavanyo lwesikhumba oluqhelekileyo. Iingcali ze-neurologists zikwahlola ngononophelo iinkophe ukuze zijonge iimpawu zobuthathaka bemisipha kwiinkophe okanye kwiindawo ezingqongileyo zobuso.

Ziziphi iindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lweempawu kunye neemeko ezinxulumene neenkophe?

Unyango lweempawu kunye neemeko zeliso ziyahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu. Amayeza alula, asekhaya afana nokucinezelwa okufudumeleyo anokwanela kwiimeko zesikhumba ezifana nee-styes okanye ii-chalazions . Iimeko ezinzulu ngakumbi ezifana nosulelo zinokufuna amayeza afana nee -antibiotics zomlomo , okanye iinaliti ezifana ne -OnabotulinumtoxinA (Botox®) kwiimeko ezibangela iintshukumo zemisipha ezingalawulekiyo.

Xa iinkophe zigobile okanye zikhululekile ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kukuqina kolusu kunye nezicubu ezingaphantsi njengoko sikhula, utyando lunokuba lolona khetho lufanelekileyo. Oku kunokuba njalo nakwezinye iimeko ezibandakanya ukwakheka kweenkophe.

Ugqirha wakho wamehlo okanye omnye umboneleli wezempilo angakuxelela okungakumbi malunga nonyango abalucebisayo kwimeko yakho ethile kunye neemfuno zakho. Bangakuxelela nangemiphumo emibi okanye iingxaki ezinokubakho ngonyango olo.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndigcine iinkophe zam ziphilile?

Iinkophe zakho ziyafana nolusu lwakho. Izinto ezinje ngezi zingabanceda nabo:

• Isondlo esifanelekileyo: Ulusu lwakho luxhomekeke kakhulu kwiivithamini ezithile kunye neeminerali. Ukufumana ezaneleyo kuzo kuya kunceda ukugcina iinkophe zakho (kunye nolusu lwakho ngokubanzi) ziphilile.
• Ukukhuselwa lilanga: Njengesikhumba somzimba wakho wonke, iinkophe zakho zinokutsha lilanga. Ukusebenzisa ukukhuselwa lilanga okufanelekileyo, okufana ne -sunscreen okanye ii-sunglasses, kunokunceda.
• Ubuthongo obuhle:Xa ungalali ngokwaneleyo, amehlo akho anokuba buthathaka okanye abe nezijikelezo ezimnyama phantsi kwamehlo akho. Kwakhona, ukuba unesifo esifana ne-sleep apnea, usenokuba sengozini yokufumana izifo ezifana ne-droopy eyelid syndrome.
• Ukukhusela amehlo: Xa usebenzisa izinto ezifana neeglasi zokukhusela amehlo okanye iiglasi zokhuseleko , ukhusela namehlo akho.

Lithini igama lezonyango leeyelashes?

Igama lezonyango leenkophe yi- "palpebra." Eli gama livela kwingcambu yesiLatini ethetha "ukuchukumisa kancinci." Likwanxulumene negama elithi "palpate," eligama elisetyenziswa ngoogqirha xa bechukumisa inxalenye yomzimba njengenxalenye yovavanyo lomzimba. Kule meko, igama elithi "palpebra" libhekisa kwindlela iinkophe zakho eziphumla ngayo kancinci phezu komphezulu weliso lakho kwaye zihamba phezu kwalo.

Iinkophe zibekwe kweyiphi indawo yeliso?

Iinkophe zakho zibekwe ngaphezulu nangaphantsi kwamehlo akho. Xa uvala amehlo akho, iinkophe zakho ziyahlangana zize zigqume umbindi ongaphambili weliso lakho, ngqo phezu kwenxalenye emnyama yeliso lakho (i-cornea). Xa amehlo akho evulekile, iinkophe zakho zisasazeka ngokuthe nkqo, zigqume imiphetho ephezulu nesezantsi yenxalenye emhlophe yeliso lakho (i-sclera).

Ngaba ubona ngaphandle kweenkophe?

Ewe, abantu banokubona baze baphile ngaphandle kweenkophe. Kodwa ukunqongophala kweenkophe kunokubangela iingxaki ezininzi ezenza kube nzima ukubona okanye ukuchaphazela impilo yamehlo akho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantu abanale meko banokufuna unyango lobomi bonke, inkxaso, kunye nonyango olukhethekileyo ukugcina impilo yamehlo abo isempilweni. Bakwasengozini enkulu yosulelo, izifo zomphezulu wamehlo, kunye nezinye iingxaki.

` ## Isishwankathelo (Umyalezo Wokuthatha Uhambe Nawo Ekhaya) Iinkophe zakho azikho nje kuphela njengesiciko. Ziyinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yombono wakho kwaye zikunceda ugcine impilo yamehlo akho. Uninzi lwexesha, kulula ukuzityeshela, kodwa xa kukho into ezichaphazelayo, kunokuvakala ngathi awukwazi ukucinga ngenye into. Ingcali yamehlo iya kuhlola iinkophe zakho ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo oluqhelekileyo, ukuze ukwazi ukubona naluphi na utshintsho olunokuba lubalulekile. **Ngoko ungalibali ukunyamekela iinkophe zakho kunye namehlo akho!** --- Iinkophe, Impilo Yamehlo, Iinkophe, Izifo Zamehlo, Ukhuseleko Lwamehlo, Iindlala zaseMeibomian, I-Conjunctiva