Ingaba izidlele zomntwana wakho zibomvu njengeetumato? Oku kumalunga neSifo sesihlanu!

Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba ngamanye amaxesha izidlele zabantwana abancinci zijika zibe bomvu kakhulu, ngokungathi kukho umntu obabethe kakhulu? Abanye abazali bayoyika kancinci xa bebona oku, becinga, "Owu, kwenzeke ntoni kumntwana wam?" Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, oku kubangelwa yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yiFifth Disease, esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje. Oku akuyonto imbi kangako, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyiqonda.

Yintoni isifo sesihlanu? Ngamafutshane...

Isifo sesihlanu sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni abancinci. Ngokwezonyango, sibizwa ngokuba yi-'Erythema infectiosum'. Kodwa uphawu olucacileyo lwale nto kukuba izidlele zomntwana zijika zibe bomvu kakhulu njengebala. Abanye abantu babiza ngokuba yi-'slapped cheek disease' kuba kubonakala ngathi kukho umntu oye wazibetha esidleleni. Khawucinge, ngubani ongengoyiki ukuba ngequbuliso ubona izidlele zomntwana wakhe zijika zibe bomvu njengeetumato ezimbini, akunjalo?

Oku kubangelwa yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Parvovirus B19'. Le yintsholongwane eqhelekileyo kwaye inokusasazwa lula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye. Xa umntu onayo le ntsholongwane ekhohlela okanye ethimla, inokusasazwa nakwabanye.

Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba kwiimeko ezininzi, isifo sesihlanu asiyongxaki inzima. Kwiimeko ezininzi, siyaphola kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ngaphandle konyango olukhethekileyo.

Kutheni oku kubizwa ngokuba "yiSifo sesihlanu"?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba kutheni ibizwa ngokuba 'sisifo sesihlanu', akunjalo? Kukho ibali elincinci emva kwayo. Ngaphambili, oogqirha badwelise iintlobo ezintandathu zezifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane ezichaphazela abantwana, ezibangela ukurhawuzelela eluswini. Esi sifo sasisesihlanu kolo luhlu. Yiyo loo nto safumana igama elithi "Sifo sesihlanu." Kubalulekile ukukhumbula nezinye izifo:

• I-Mascus
• umkhuhlane ombi
• I-Rubella (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-German measles)
• Isifo sikaDukes
• I-Erythema infectiosum (esi sisifo sesihlanu)
• URoseola

Ixhaphake kangakanani le nto kuthiwa sisifo sesihlanu?

Isifo sesihlanu sesinye sezifo ezintandathu ezixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni. Sidla ngokuchaphazela abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka emi-5 neli-15 ubudala. Sixhaphake kakhulu entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni (elidla ngokuba lixesha lemvula kwilizwe lethu, elokuqala neliphakathi enyakeni). Sinokusasazeka lula ngala maxesha, xa abantwana behlanganisana ezikolweni, kwizikolo zeCawa, nakwiindawo zokudlala.

Ngaba abantu abadala nabo bafumana isifo sesihlanu?

Abantu abadala abanalo ithuba lokufumana isifo sesihlanu. Oku kungenxa yokuba xa sichaphazeleka yintsholongwane sisengabantwana, amajoni ethu omzimba ayakha ukhuselo kuyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba ukhe waba nesifo sesihlanu usengumntwana, amathuba akho okuphinda usifumane sele umdala. Abantu abadala abaninzi baye baba naso besebancinci, ngoko ke banamandla okuzikhusela kuso.

Zithini iimpawu zeSifo sesihlanu?

Olu sulelo lwe-'Parvovirus B19' luqala ngeempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Ezi mpawu azisoloko zimbi kakhulu. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba intsholongwane iyona isasazeka kakhulu kwezi mpawu zifana nomkhuhlane. Iimpawu ezibonakala ngeli xesha zezi:

• Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu (Ndidinwe kakhulu)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Iintlungu zomzimba, iintlungu zemisipha (Ubuhlungu)
• Umkhuhlane ophantsi (malunga nama-37°C ukuya kuma-38.5°C Celsius, okanye malunga nama-99°F ukuya kuma-101°F Fahrenheit)
• Impumlo enemifinya
• Umphimbo obuhlungu, umphimbo obuhlungu

Cinga nje, malunga ne-20% yabantwana basenokungabonakalisi naziphi na ezi mpawu zakuqala. Kodwa basenokukwazi ukusasaza intsholongwane kwabanye.

Ibala elibomvu ezidleleni liza emva...

Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuqala kweempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, uphawu oluphambili lweSifo sesihlanu, irhashalala ebomvu, ephakanyisiweyo kancinci, luvela ezidleleni. Olu rhashalala ngamanye amaxesha lunokuba lurhawuzelela. Eyona nto ingcono kukuba xa kuvela irhashalala, iimpawu zangaphambili ezifana nomkhuhlane ziyaphela.

Ngaba amabala angavela kwezinye iindawo zomzimba?

Ewe, abanye abantwana banokubona irhashalala yesibini kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wabo emva kokuba izidlele zibomvu. Oku kudla ngokubonakala njengepateni yeleyisi. La mabala anokuvela kwezi ndawo:

• Iingalo
• Imilenze
• Isiqu - isifuba nomqolo
• Amaqakala

Malunga ne-10% yabantwana abanesifo sesihlanu banokufumana iintlungu kunye nokudumba kwamalungu.

Zithini iimpawu zesifo sesihlanu kubantu abadala?

Xa abantu abadala bosulelwe yiParvovirus B19, badla ngokuba neempawu ezifana nezo zomkhuhlane, kodwa amabala ezidleleni zabo awabonakali. Kunye nezo mpawu, malunga ne-80% yabantu abadala bafumana iintlungu kumalungu abo, njengezandla, izandla, namadolo.

Yintoni ebangela isifo sesihlanu?

Unobangela woku yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Human Parvovirus'. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Parvovirus B19'. Oku kwahlukile kwi-parvovirus echaphazela izinja neekati. Ngoko ke ungoyiki ukuyifumana enjeni okanye ekatini. Isifo sesihlanu siqala phakathi kweentsuku ezi-4 ukuya kwezili-14 emva kokuba umntwana esulelwe yi-'Parvovirus B19'.

Ingaba isifo sesihlanu siyasulelana?

Ewe, iParvovirus B19 yintsholongwane esulelayo kakhulu. Isasazeka kakhulu ngamathontsi okuphefumla avela emlonyeni nasempumlweni. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntu onayo le ntsholongwane uthetha, ukhohlela, okanye uthimla kufutshane nomntwana wakho, umntwana wakho unokufumana le ntsholongwane ngala mathontsi.

Kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, inokudluliselwa ukusuka kumama okhulelweyo ukuya kumntwana wakhe ongekazalwa ngegazi.

Kodwa khumbula oku: Ibala elibomvu ezidleleni elibizwa ngokuba yiFifth Disease alisuleli. Enyanisweni, emva kokuba usulelwe yi-'Parvovirus B19' kwaye ufumane elo bala libomvu, intsholongwane ayinakudluliselwa ukusuka kuloo mntu ukuya komnye umntu. Oko kukuthi, emva kokuba ibala livele, umntwana akayi kusasaza isifo kwabanye abantu.

Ngaba isifo sesihlanu singabangela iingxaki?

Isifo sesihlanu asifane sibangele iingxaki kubantwana nakubantu abadala abasempilweni, nto leyo ethetha ukuba uninzi lwabantu luyayeka ukusinyamezela baze baphile.

Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokubangela iingxaki kubantu abaneengxaki zegazi okanye inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka. Oku kungenxa yokuba intsholongwane inokuchaphazela indlela umzimba ovelisa ngayo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi lomntwana lisenokuhla kakhulu, kwaye kusenokufuneka ukuba atofelwe igazi.

Ngoobani abasemngciphekweni othile?

Abantwana (kunye nabantu abadala) abanezi meko zilandelayo basengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki:

• Iimeko zomhlaza, umzekelo i-leukemia
• Usulelo lwe-HIV
• Iintlobo ezithile ze-anemia, umzekelo i-sickle cell anemia kunye ne-thalassemia
• Abantu abaye batyalwa isitho esitsha

Ukuba umntwana wakho unesimo sempilo esifana nesi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ugqirha kwangoko xa kuvela irhashalala yesihlanu yesifo okanye ngokukhawuleza xa iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ezingaphambi kwayo ziqala.

Iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kubantu abadala

Malunga ne-10% yabantu abadala abosulelwe yi-parvovirus B19 banesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-chronic parvovirus-associated arthritis, esisifo samathambo esiqhubekayo samalungu aliqela (i-polyarthritis). Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kwabasetyhini kunakwamadoda.

Kuthekani ukuba ndifumana isifo sesihlanu ngexesha lokukhulelwa?

Oku kuxhalabisa oomama abaninzi. Ukuba ufumana isifo sesihlanu (esibizwa ngokuba yi-parvovirus B19 infection) ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ungasidlulisela kumntwana wakho. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, ezinye iingxaki zinokubakho, ezinje:

• Ukuphuma kwesisu
• Ukuzalwa komntwana eswelekile/ukufa kwangaphakathi kwesibeleko
• I-Hydrops fetalis (Oku kukuqokelelana kolwelo oluninzi kakhulu, njengamanzi, kwizicwili nakwizitho zomntwana. Le yimeko embi kakhulu)

Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki ezinjalo azifumaneki rhoqo.Uninzi lwabantu abadala kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo bakhuselekile kwi-parvovirus B19 sulelo besebancinci. Ukuba usulelo lwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa, umngcipheko wokwenzakala kwimveku umalunga ne-2%. Umngcipheko ophezulu weengxaki ezivela kwi-parvovirus B19 ukwi-trimester yesibini yokukhulelwa. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki zinokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye ucinga ukuba usenokuba ukhe wadibana nomntu onesifo sesihlanu, kungcono ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.

Sifunyaniswa njani esi sifo sesihlanu?

Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga oku ngokujonga iimpawu zomntwana wakho. Irhashalala "eliqhwatywayo" yenye yezona mpawu ziphambili zesifo. Ukuba lihamba neempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane, ugqirha unokuxilonga isifo sesihlanu eofisini ngaphandle kovavanyo olongezelelweyo. Kunqabile kakhulu, kufuneka uvavanyo lwegazi ukuqinisekisa isifo sesihlanu.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zeSifo sesihlanu?

Iimpawu zesifo sesihlanu zihlala ziphucuka kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphandle konyango olukhethekileyo, okanye ngonyango oluncinci kakhulu. Ugqirha womntwana wakho unokucebisa amayeza okunciphisa iintlungu athengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara (OTC) ukunceda ukunciphisa umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu kunye nentlungu yamalungu. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• `I-Acetaminophen` (ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-paracetamol)
• Amayeza angengowe-steroidal alwa nokuvuvukala (ii-NSAID), njenge-ibuprofen okanye i-naproxen

Xa unika eli yeza, kubalulekile ukulandela ngqo idosi echazwe ngugqirha.

Ukuba umntwana wakho unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka kwaye ufumana isifo sesihlanu, unokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele ukuze afumane unyango.

Ngaba isifo sesihlanu singathintelwa?

Ngelishwa, akukho gonyo lokuthintela isifo sesihlanu. Ekubeni intsholongwane isasazeka ngokulula ngamathontsi avela empumlweni nasemlonyeni, ucoceko olufanelekileyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuyithintela. Ungenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba usapho lwakho lufumane usulelo:

• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha namanzi rhoqo. Hlamba izandla zakho ubuncinane imizuzwana engama-20.
• Gquma umlomo wakho nempumlo yakho ngengqiniba yakho xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla. Ukuba usebenzisa ithishu, yilahle emgqomeni emva nje kokuyisebenzisa.
• Kuphephe ukusondelana nomntu osulelekileyo.

Le mikhwa ayisisindisi nje kuphela kwiSifo sesihlanu, kodwa ikwasikhusela nakwezinye izifo ezininzi.

Isifo sesihlanu sihlala ixesha elingakanani?

Irhashalala yeSifo sesihlanu kufuneka iphele kwiintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-10 emva kokuba ivele.

Ukuba umntwana wakho ufumana irhashalala yesibini (leyo ifana nephethini yeleyisi), kufuneka iphele kwiintsuku ezisi-7 ukuya kwezili-10. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, le rhashalala yesibini inokubuya ize iphele kangangeeveki ezimbalwa. Irhashalala inokuphinda ivele emva kokuvezwa lilanga, ubushushu, okanye umthambo.

Ndingambuyisela nini umntwana wam esikolweni?

Umntwana wakho usenokuba sengozini yokusasaza intsholongwane kwabanye xa eneempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane (umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba). Ngoko ke, kungcono ukumgcina umntwana wakho ekhaya ngaloo mihla. Nangona kunjalo, xa kuvela irhashalala yesifo sesihlanu (izidlele ezibomvu), umntwana wakho akasasuleli. Ngoko ke, ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho uzive ngcono, ungamthumela esikolweni okanye kwindawo yokugcina abantwana emva kokuba irhashalala ivele.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unesifo sesihlanu, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba ukhe wachaphazeleka yile ntsholongwane, bona ugqirha. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho ninayo nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Intlungu ebuhlungu yamalungu
• Urhawuzelelo olurhawuzelayo
• Ukuba ukhulelwe `(Ukukhulelwa)`
• Ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka `(Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka)`
• Ukuba unesifo segazi (umz., i-sickle cell anemia, i-thalassemia)

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo sesihlanu, ungambuza ugqirha imibuzo efana nale:

• Singasisasaza ixesha elingakanani esi sifo kwabanye?
• Ndifanele ndimgcine umntwana wam ekhaya ixesha elingakanani ukuya esikolweni?
• Ndifanele ndihlale ekhaya ixesha elingakanani ndingaphangeli (ukuba ndingumntu omdala)?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela oku ukuba kungasasazeki kwamanye amalungu osapho?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndifumane isiqabu kule meko kum okanye kumntwana wam?
• Yintoni onokuyenza ukuze unciphise iindawo ezirhawuzelelayo kunye nentlungu yamalungu?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndixelele isikolo somntwana wam (okanye indawo yam yokusebenza) ngale ntsholongwane?
• Eli bala liza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani ? Ingaba lingabuya?
• Zeziphi iimpawu zeengxaki ekufuneka ndiziqaphele?

Nangona ibala elibomvu elibonakalayo lesifo sesihlanu lisenokubonakala lisoyikisa kancinci, khumbula ukuba yimeko yexeshana edla ngokuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, ngaphandle konyango olukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba isifo sesihlanu sisasazeka kakhulu. Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onezi mpawu, thetha nogqirha. Kusenokufuneka ugcine ilungu losapho kude nabanye kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa ukuze uthintele ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, masiphinde sichaze amanqaku abalulekileyo koko sithethe ngako:

• Isifo sesihlanu sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane esixhaphakileyo ebantwaneni abancinci.Uphawu oluphambili kukuba bomvu kwezidlele.
• Oku kuyasulela ngexesha lokuqala xa kukho iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Akusuleli emva kokuba kuvela irhashalala ezidleleni.
• Ixesha elininzi oku akuyonto imbi kangako, kuya kuba ngcono.
• Ucoceko yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokukuthintela. Akukho gonyo.
• Abafazi abakhulelweyo, abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, kunye nabo baneengxaki zegazi kufuneka balumke kakhulu. Aba bantu kufuneka babone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukuba unamathandabuzo, ungoyiki ukucela icebiso kugqirha.

Ndikunqwenelela impilo entle wena nosapho lwakho!

Isifo sesihlanu , iParvovirus B19, isifo sezihlathi esikrwelwe, izifo zobuntwana, amabala esikhumba, izifo ezosulelayo, izihlathi ezibomvu