Ngaba unayo nayiphi na i-allergies engaqhelekanga eyenzeka rhoqo? Masithethe nge-Atopy!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha ukhe ube nerhashalala eluswini lwakho? Okanye uhlala unempumlo evalekileyo kwaye uthimla? Mhlawumbi awuchukumisi nto nokuba uyityile? Usenokuba uqhelene nolu hlobo lwe-allergy oluza emva kwenye. Isizathu soku sisenokuba yimeko ekhethekileyo emzimbeni wakho. Siza kuthetha ngento efana naleyo namhlanje.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-Atopy?

Ngamafutshane, i-atopy yindlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo ngokugqithisileyo kwizinto ezingeyongozi ngokwenene. Igama elithi "atopy" lithetha "kwindawo engafanelekanga." Ngoko ke, iimeko ze-atopic zixa umzimba wakho usabela ngokugqithisileyo kwinto ongafanelekanga ukuba uyenze. Cinga ngayo njengokhuselo lomzimba wethu oluya ngamandla xa ubona isuntswana elincinci lothuli, lisithi, "Hee, kukho utshaba olukhulu!" kwaye luqala umlo. Yingakho sifumana i-asthma, i-rashes, okanye ezinye ii-allergies ngenxa yezinto ezikwindalo esingqongileyo, ezifana ne-pollen kunye ne-dust mites.

Amaxesha amaninzi, umntu one-atopy unokuba nezi meko zingaphezulu kwesinye sezi allergy. Njengokuba sinokunxiba umnqwazi ngemini ebandayo, kodwa sinxibe nejazi kunye nesikhafu ngaxeshanye. Njengokuba sinokunxiba iimpahla ezifudumeleyo ezingaphezu kwesinye ngesizathu esifanayo (ukubanda), i-atopy inokubangela ukuba kubekho ii-allergy ezininzi ngaxeshanye.

Ziziphi ezi zifo ze-atopic?

Kukho iimeko ezininzi zempilo ezinokubangelwa yi-atopy. Makhe sijonge ukuba zithini:

• Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zesifo sombefu , ingakumbi isifo sombefu esibangelwa yi-allergy . Oku kwenzeka xa iindlela zomoya zidumba kwaye kuba nzima ukuphefumla.
• I-Allergic Rhinitis . Oku kubizwa ngabantu abaninzi ngokuba yi-"allergic." Iimpawu ziquka ukuxinana rhoqo kwempumlo, impumlo evuzayo, kunye nokuthimla.
• Ukunganyamezelani nokutya : Ukunganyamezelani nokutya okuthile, okufana namandongomane, ii-cashews, kunye namaqanda.
• I-Eczema , okanye i-atopic dermatitis , yimeko apho ulusu luba lomile, lurhawuzelele, lube bomvu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha lube namaqhuqhuva.
• Ezinye iintlobo ze -hives (i-Urticaria) zithanda i-herpes . Sikwabiza ezi ngokuthi zii-heat blisters. Ngequbuliso, kuvela ii-welts ezibomvu, ezidumbileyo nezirhawuzelayo kwiindawo ezithile emzimbeni.
• I-Allergic Conjunctivitis : Amehlo abomvu, arhawuzelelayo kunye nokukhupha amanzi.
• I-Eosinophilic Esophagitis . Le yimeko apho kukho ukudumba kombhobho wokutya (i-esophagitis). Le yimeko enzima kancinci.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Atopy kunye ne-Allergies?

I-Atopy yingqokelela yeempendulo ze-allergy ezichaphazela amalungu ahlukeneyo omzimba wakho. Umzekelo, i-allergy rhinitis - imeko esihlala siyibiza ngokuba yi-"allergy" - yimpendulo enye ye-atopic. Zininzi nezinye.

Izinto ezifanayo ezibangela i-allergies - ukusabela okugqithisileyo komzimba wakho kwizinto ezikwindalo esingqongileyo - zinokubangela nezinye iimeko ze-atopic. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ezi meko zinokwenziwa mandundu zizinto ezingezizo i-allergies, njengomoya obandayo okanye uxinzelelo.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-Atopy?

Iimpawu ze-atopic conditions zingahluka, kodwa kukho ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukuxinana kwempumlo okanye impumlo egobhozayo.
• Amehlo arhawuzelelayo okanye amanzi aphuma emehlweni.
• Ukurhawuzelela okanye ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba.
• Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (i-Dyspnea) .
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ukudumba komlomo, umphimbo, ulwimi, okanye ubuso.

Khawucinge nje, sinomhlobo ogama linguNilanthi. Ukususela ebuntwaneni bakhe, wayethimla izihlandlo ezingamashumi amahlanu nokuba uchukumise uthuli oluncinci, kwaye nempumlo yakhe yayivaleka. Emva koko, xa ekhula kancinci, ngequbuliso waqala ukuba ne-eczema, ingakumbi ezandleni nasezinyaweni zakhe. Xa wayibonisa ugqirha, waxelelwa ukuba une-atopic dermatitis, yiyo loo nto wayefumana zonke ezi ntlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-allergies.

Zithini izizathu ze-atopy?

Eyona nto ibangela ukuba kubekho i-allergy enxulumene ne-atopy luhlobo lwe-antibody ebizwa ngokuba yi -Immunoglobulin E. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi- (IgE) ngamafutshane. (IgE) luhlobo lwe-antibody enceda ekukhuseleni imizimba yethu kwiintsholongwane eziyingozi. Kufana noonogada bomzimba.

Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha la ma-antibodies (IgE) ayaphazama kancinci. Acinga ukuba izinto ezibangela i-allergen okanye ezinye izinto ezikwindalo zibangela ingozi enkulu. Kulapho ke ziphazamiseka ngokungeyomfuneko zize zibangele iimpawu ezifana nokudumba kweendlela zomoya, amaqhakuva esikhumba, kunye neempumlo ezivuzayo.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-atopy?

Eyona nto ibangela umngcipheko omkhulu wokuba ne-atopy kukuba amalungu osapho lwakho asondeleyo - njengabazali kunye nabantakwenu - aneemeko ze-atopic. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba umkhwa wokufumana ezi meko ze-allergy udluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana nge-genes . Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umama okanye utata wakho une-asthma okanye i-eczema, unethuba elincinci lokufumana iimeko ezifanayo.

I-Atopy ifunyanwa njani?

Ugqirha wakho usenokungatsho ngokuthe ngqo ukuthi, "Une-atopy." Nangona kunjalo, banokukwazi ukubona iimeko ezinxulumene noko (umz., i-asthma, i-eczema). Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela okanye enze uvavanyo olufana nolu:

• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwephaphu: Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba imiphunga yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani na, ingakumbi ukubona ukuba unezifo ezifana ne-asthma.
• Uvavanyo lolusu lwe-allergy : Oku kuquka ukubeka ubungakanani obuncinci bezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibangela i-allergy kulusu lwakho nokujonga ukuba umzimba wakho uyasabela na kuzo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi olubangelwa kukunganyamezelani komzimba : Oku kujonga ukuba zingakanani na ezo antibodies (IgE) sithethe ngazo ngaphambili) ezisegazini lakho.

Ngaba i-atopy inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Inyaniso kukuba, unobangela we-atopy awunakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo . Nangona kunjalo, kukho unyango oluninzi olusebenzayo kwiimeko ezinxulumene noko ezifana ne-allergies, i-asthma, kunye ne-eczema. Olu nyango lunokukunceda uphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• Iinaliti ze-allergy .
• I-Antihistamines (umzekelo, i-piritan).
• Amayeza ebhayoloji (iBiologics) .
• Izixhobo zokuphefumla .
• Izilungisi zeLeukotriene .
• Unyango lwe-immunotherapy lomlomo ngenxa ye-aleji yokutya .
• Ii-Corticosteroids ngamayeza athathwa ngomlomo, afunxwe, okanye asetyenziswe eluswini.
• Unyango lwe-immunotherapy olungaphantsi kolwimi .

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nolu nyango uze ukhethe olukufaneleyo.

Ngaba i-atopy ingathintelwa?

I-Atopy ayinakuthintelwa, kuba idla ngokuba yimfuza. Nangona kunjalo, ungazama ukunqanda izinto ezinokubangela ukuba imeko ye-atopic ibe mandundu. Umzekelo, ukuba uyazi ukuba umhlobo wakho unekati ekhaya kwaye une-allergy kwiikati, ungathatha i-antihistamine ngaphambi kokuba uye apho. Okanye unokuba nononophelo ngakumbi ngexesha le-pollen.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela i-atopy?

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukusabela okubangelwa kukungakhululeki komzimba. Ezi zinto zinokuhluka kumntu nomntu.

• Impova : Impova evela kwimithi ethile, ingakumbi ngexesha lokudubula kweentyatyambo. Kwindawo yethu, kunokuba nzima kakhulu kwabanye abantu xa iintyatyambo zemango kunye ne-kohomba zidubula.
• Umoya obandayo nowomileyo .
• Iingcongconi zothuli : Ezi zifumaneka ngaphakathi endlwini, kwiindawo ezifana neebhedi, iikhabhathi zemiqamelo, kunye neesofa.
• Ukutya okuthile : Umzekelo, ii-peanuts, ii-cashews, amaqanda, ubisi, intlanzi, ii-shrimp, njl.
• I-dander yezilwanyana zasekhaya : Kwizilwanyana ezifana neekati nezinja.
• Iimbotyi : Iimbotyi ezikhula kwiindawo ezifumileyo, njengamagumbi okuhlambela namakhitshi.
• Amaphela.
• Iziqholo : Ivumba elenziweyo elifumaneka kwizinto ezifana neesepha, izicoci zokuhlamba impahla, kunye neziqholo.
• Uxinzelelo : Okumangalisayo kukuba, ezi meko zinokuba mandundu ngakumbi kuxinzelelo olongezelelekileyo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Uninzi lwabantu abane-atopy bayakwazi ukuyilawula kakuhle imeko yabo. Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka zenziwe kukuphepha izinto ezibangela le ngxaki, ukuthatha amanyathelo okuthintela, kunye nokunyanga impendulo ngokukhawuleza xa isenzeka. Nazi ezinye zezinto onokuzenza:

• Hlamba okanye uhlambe ixesha elifutshane ubusuku ngabunye . Sebenzisa isepha yebha engenavumba. Emva kokuhlamba, faka i-moisturizer okanye i-cream efanelekileyo kulusu olubuthathaka.
• Sela amayeza okulwa ne-allergy yonke imihla ngexesha lonyaka apho i-pollen iphezulu khona (ngesiqhelo entwasahlobo, ehlotyeni, nasekwindla).
• Sebenzisa naliphi na iyeza lokulungisa elinikiweyo - umzekelo, ii-inhalers - kanye njengoko kuyalelwe . Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngendlela yokusebenzisa izixhobo zonyango ngokufanelekileyo, buza ugqirha wakho.
• Ukuba une-allergy enkulu yokutya okanye olunye uhlobo lwe-allergy enzima (enokukhokelela kwi-anaphylaxis), soloko uphethe i-epinephrine auto-injector (umz., i-EpiPen®, i-Auvi-Q®) .

Khumbula, konke oku kunokuvakala kunzima ekuqaleni. Kufana nokuqhela umkhwa omtsha. Kodwa emva kwexesha elithile, ezi zinto ziya kuba yinxalenye yenkqubo yakho yemihla ngemihla.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu zemeko ye-atopic, ezinje nge-allergies, i-asthma, okanye i-skin rashes rhoqo, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha . Ugqirha wakho unokufumanisa unobangela weempawu zakho aze amisele unyango olufanelekileyo. Banokukuthumela kwi-allergies.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze-allergy enzima , yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngoko nangoko okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-911. Iimpawu ziquka:

• Ukudumba kobuso, umlomo, ulwimi, okanye umqala.
• Ukuhlanza kakhulu.
• Ubuthathaka, isiyezi, ukuziva utyhafile, okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo (ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi).

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ngokukhawuleza ngexesha elinje.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-atopic dermatitis, ungaziva ngathi uhlala unesifo esithile. Ii-inhalers, amayeza e-allergy, isepha ezikhethekileyo, isepha yokuhlamba impahla engenavumba, kunye neekhrimu... Ukuphila nazo zonke ezi zinto kunokuba nzima kancinci. Ingakumbi ukuba unyamekela umntwana omncinci one-allergy eninzi, kunokuba nzima nangakumbi.

Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa . Baninzi abantu abaphila ngempumelelo nezi meko. Emva kwexesha elithile, ukulawula konke oku kuba yinto eqhelekileyo njengokuxukuxa amazinyo okanye ukuhlamba.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto rhoqo. Yabelana naye ngezinto ezikuxhalabisayo nezikucingayo. Uza kukunceda ufumane eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphepha ukusabela kwaye usebenzise amayeza ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngoko ke ungakhathazeki. Ukuba uyazi kwaye uyilawula kakuhle, ungaphila kamnandi nangona une-atopy.

I - Atopy, i-allergy, isifo solusu, i-asthma, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, i-IgE, iimpawu, unyango, izinto ezibangela oko