Ngaba umntwana wakho angangenwa yi-syphilis? Masifunde nge-syphilis yokuzalwa

Ukuba ungumama oza kuzala, kufuneka ukuba ucinga kakhulu ngempilo yakho neyeyomntwana wakho kule mihla, akunjalo? Ngamanye amaxesha kukho iimeko esingazaziyo, kodwa ezinokuchaphazela umntwana. Enye yezi meko yi-'Congenital Syphilis'. Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha. Ukuba uyazi ngale nto, ungaphepha iingxaki ezininzi.

Yintoni i-syphilis yokuzalwa? Kutheni iyingozi?

Ngamafutshane, i-congenital syphilis yimeko apho umama edlulisela i-syphilis kumntwana wakhe ngexesha lokuzalwa. Ukuba une-syphilis ngexesha lokukhulelwa, usulelo lunokudluliselwa kumntwana wakho. Oku kunokwenzeka nokuba nge-placenta ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngesilonda se-syphilis emzimbeni kamama xa umntwana ezalwa. I-Syphilis sisifo esidluliselwa ngesondo (STI). Kodwa eyona nto ilungileyo kukuba sinokunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane. Ungalufumana olu nyango nokuba ukhulelwe. Xa ufumana unyango olunjalo, awuyi kuphola nje kuphela, kodwa uya kukwazi nokukhusela umntwana ongekazalwa esibelekweni sakho. Kodwa, khawucinge ukuba ukhulelwe, une-syphilis, kodwa awukafumani unyango. Olu sulelo lunokulimaza kakhulu umntwana wakho. Lunokubangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa kokufa, okanye nokufa komntwana kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa. Nokuba umntwana uyasinda, unokuba neengxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo.

Ngoko ke, ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye uneengcinga ezincinci zokuba unokuba une-syphilis, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza uze uvavanyelwe i-syphilis. Ngale ndlela, unokwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unesifo okanye awunaso. Ukuba unayo, ungaqala unyango kwangoko. Ukuba ufumana unyango kwangethuba ekukhulelweni, ingakumbi ngexesha le-trimester yokuqala, i-syphilis yokuzalwa inokuthintelwa kakhulu.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha namaqabane akho ngesondo ngale nto uze uwavavanye. Kuba nawo asenokuba osulelekileyo kwaye angadinga unyango. Ukuba akafumani unyango, usenokuba osulelekileyo kwakhona (kwaye kuya kufuneka uqale unyango kwakhona). Enyanisweni, kule mihla, zombini i-syphilis yokuzalwa kunye ne-accomplished syphilis ikhule kancinci kwihlabathi nakwilizwe lethu. Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abaninzi basenokungazi ukuba banesi sifo. Ke ngoko, ukuthetha ngokunyaniseka kuya kukunceda kakhulu wena nokukhulelwa kwakho.

Ngaba kukho iintlobo zokuzikhusela komzimba ezizalwa nazo?

Ewe, oogqirha bahlulahlula i-syphilis yokuzalwa ngokwexesha apho iimpawu zibonakala khona:

• I-syphilis yokuzalwa kwasekuqaleni: Iimpawu zibonakala ngaphambi kokuba umntwana abe neminyaka emi-2 ubudala (ngesiqhelo kwiinyanga ezintathu emva kokuzalwa).
• I-syphilis yokuzalwa emva kwexesha: Iimpawu ziyavela emva kweminyaka emi-2.

Zithini iimpawu zale anomaly yokuzalwa?

Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu zolu hlobo ngalunye.

Imfundo yabantwana abaselula (ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya kwiminyaka emi-2)

Ngeli xesha, umntwana angabonakalisa iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamathambo: Umzekelo, imeko efana ne -osteochondritis .
• Ukwandiswa kwesibindi .
• Ukwanda kwespleen .
• I-Jaundice : Ukutyheli kwamehlo nolusu.
• Ukuncipha kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi ( i-anemia ) kunye neeplatelets (i-thrombocytopenia).
• Izilonda ezithambileyo ezifana neentsumpa: Ezi zibizwa ngokuba yi-'condyloma lata'.
• Ukuxobula ulusu ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni.
• Kuvela irhashalala entanyeni, ezandleni, nasemlonyeni.
• Ukuphuma rhoqo empumlweni (`syphilitic rhinitis` okanye "snuffles"): Oku kuhlala kuqhubeka, kudla ngokuqala kwiveki yokuzalwa. Oku kuphuma empumlweni kunokuba mhlophe okanye kube negazi.

Malunga ne-6 kwi-10 iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ezine-syphilis yokuzalwa ziya kuba ne -neurosyphilis, echaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo . Oku kungabandakanya:

• Ukuphazamiseka kokuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni ( stroke ).
• Ukuphazamiseka kwamehlo: Umzekelo, i-cataracts okanye ukudumba kwangaphakathi kwelaphu (i-chorioretinitis).
• Iimeko ezifana neempawu zesifo sokuwa (Ukuxhuzula).

Ezinye iintsana azibonisi zimpawu xa zizalwa. Kodwa iimpawu zinokubonakala emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, iiveki, okanye iinyanga. Kodwa ukuba uvavanyo lubonisa ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokosuleleka, oogqirha baya kuqala ukunyanga loo mntwana ngoko nangoko.

I-anomaly yokuzalwa emva kwexesha elide (emva kweminyaka emi-2)

Ngeli xesha, unokubona iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukungaqheleki kokukhula kwamathambo.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwamehlo: Umzekelo, ukudumba kwe-cornea.
• Ukulahlekelwa kukuva.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwamazinyo: Ukusikwa kwamabala emazinyweni okanye kwizikhewu phakathi kwamazinyo (`amazinyo kaHutchinson`).

Usenokukwazi ukubona ezinye zezi mpawu ngokwakho, kodwa uninzi lwazo kufuneka luqinisekiswe ngugqirha.

Kutheni le nto kuvela esi sizathu?

Isizathu esiphambili se-syphilis yokuzalwa kukuba umama une-syphilis.Igama elithi "congenital" lithetha "ukuzalwa" nale ntsholongwane. Iintsana zizalwa nale ntsholongwane. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, le ntsholongwane inokubulala umntwana ongekazalwa ngaphambi kokuba umntwana azalwe ephila. Iintsholongwane ezithile ezibangela i-syphilis (uhlobo lwe-Treponema pallidum) zingena kwi-placenta. Iintsholongwane ziya ngqo egazini lomntwana ongekazalwa, apho zinokusasazeka khona emzimbeni wonke, zonakalisa amathambo kunye namalungu omzimba aphambili. Ezinye iintsana zinokufumana esi sifo, nangona kunqabile, ngokudibana nezilonda ze-syphilis zonina xa zizalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iintsana ezizelwe ngoomama abane-syphilis eziza kuba ne-syphilis yokuzalwa. Umngcipheko uxhomekeke ekubeni umama wosulelwe nini. Umngcipheko uphezulu kwiintsholongwane ezintsha kufutshane okanye ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunezosulelo ezifunyenwe ngaphezulu konyaka ngaphambi kokukhulelwa.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wale meko?

Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezibangela ukuba umntu abe ne-syphilis yokuzalwa kukungafumani unyango olufanelekileyo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa. Oku kuthetha ukungamboni ugqirha ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho, okanye ukuya emva kwexesha. Ukuba awuzifumani ezi mvavanyo, usenokungazi ukuba une-syphilis. Ukuba ayinyangwa, inokukhokelela kwi-syphilis yokuzalwa kunye neengxaki ezinxulumene nayo (kuquka ukuphuphuma kwesisu).

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukubona ugqirha nokuya ekliniki kwikota yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Kungexesha lezi kliniki apho ugqirha wakho anokuchonga naziphi na iingxaki zempilo ezinokuchaphazela ukukhulelwa kwakho kwangethuba.

Kukho ezinye izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba ne-syphilis ngexesha lokukhulelwa (kwaye ngaloo ndlela i-syphilis yokuzalwa):

• Ukuba namaqabane amaninzi esondo.
• Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi kunye nesondo (ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha).
• Ukwabelana ngesondo ukuze ufumane imali okanye iinkonzo (ukwabelana ngesondo ngokuthengiselana).

Zithini iingxaki zale meko?

I-Congenital syphilis inokubangela iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa ezifana nezi:

• Ukuphuma kwesisu.
• Ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha.
• Ubunzima obuphantsi bokuzalwa.
• Ukuzalwa efile.
• Usana luyafa emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa luzelwe.

Ukuba ayinyangwa, iintsana ezizalwa zine-syphilis yokuzalwa zinokuba neempawu ezinzulu okanye zife.

Ungayibona njani into yokuba umzimba wakho awunamandla okuzibamba?

Oogqirha baxilonga le meko ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Ngokukuvavanya i-syphilis ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokubonisa ukuba une-syphilis. Ngokusekelwe kwezi ziphumo, oogqirha bafumanisa umngcipheko wokuba umntwana ongekazalwa abe ne-syphilis yokuzalwa.
• I-ultrasound yosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa:Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha banokubona iimpawu ze-syphilis yokuzalwa (ezifana nokwanda kwesibindi kunye nokuqokelelwa kolwelo) kwi-ultrasound. Nangona kunjalo, i-syphilis yokuzalwa ayisoloko ibonakala kwi-ultrasound. Abanye abantwana bazalwa benale meko nangona beneziphumo eziqhelekileyo ze-ultrasound.
• Uvavanyo lomzimba losana olusandul’ ukuzalwa kunye nezinye iimvavanyo: Oogqirha baya kuhlola ngononophelo iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ezirhanelwa ukuba zine-syphilis yokuzalwa kwaye bajonge iimpawu. Banokwenza uvavanyo olunye okanye ngaphezulu, olufana novavanyo lwegazi, ukubhobozwa kwe-lumbar, kunye ne-X-ray. Umzekelo, ii-X-ray zinokubona iingxaki zamathambo eziqhelekileyo kwiintsana ezine-syphilis yokuzalwa.

Abanye abantwana bazalwa bephilile, kodwa kamva baba neempawu ze-syphilis yokuzalwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-syphilis yokuzalwa esekupheleni. Kubantwana abaneminyaka emi-2 nangaphezulu, oogqirha benza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba ukuze bajonge iimpawu ze-syphilis yokuzalwa.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-syphilis yokuzalwa?

Oogqirha basebenzisa i-antibiotic penicillin ukunyanga i-syphilis yokuzalwa. Basebenzisa enye okanye zombini ezi ndlela:

• Ukukunyanga ngelixa ukhulelwe: Oku kuquka ukukunika inaliti enye okanye ezingaphezulu ze-penicillin.
• Ukunyanga umntwana emva kokuzalwa: Kule meko, umntwana unikwa i-penicillin ngemithambo yegazi okanye njengenaliti.

Uhlobo oluchanekileyo lonyango olunikwayo luxhomekeke kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Waqala nini ukuqonda ukuba une-syphilis?
• Ingaba unyango luqalwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, nini.
• Umngcipheko wokuba umntwana abe ne-syphilis xa ezalwa.
• Iimpawu ezibonakaliswa ngumntwana emva kokuzalwa.

Kungcono ukuqala unyango ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ubuncinane kwiintsuku ezingama-30 ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho azalwe. Oku kuya kunceda ekususeni usulelo lwakho kwaye kuncede usulelo lomntwana wakho. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba umama ufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza, ezinye iintsana zinokuzalwa zine-syphilis yokuzalwa. Oogqirha baya kuvavanya umngcipheko wokuba umntwana wakho abe ne-syphilis ekuzalweni kwaye bacebe unyango ngokufanelekileyo. Lo mngcipheko uxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka nokuba ufumene unyango kunye neziphumo zovavanyo oluthile lwegazi. Ukuba wanyangwa i-syphilis ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe kwaye yaphiliswa ngokupheleleyo, umntwana wakho akanakwenzeka ukuba abe ne-syphilis. Kwiimeko ezininzi, umntwana wakho akayi kufuna unyango. Ukuba une-syphilis ngexesha lokukhulelwa, oogqirha baya kuvavanya ngononophelo umngcipheko womntwana wakho. Baza kujonga imbali yakho yonyango baze bamisele umngcipheko wokuba umntwana wakho abe ne-syphilis yokuzalwa. Iintsana ezisengozini enkulu ziya kufuneka zihlale esibhedlele kwaye zifumane i-penicillin. Ukuba ufumana unyango kwangethuba ekukhulelweni kwakho, umntwana wakho usenokungadingi ukuhlala esibhedlele ukuze afumane unyango. Banokuthunyelwa ekhaya phantsi kweliso elibukhali lezonyango, rhoqo ngenaliti enye ye-penicillin. Iqela lakho lezonyango liya kukuxelela kanye into omawuyilindele ngexesha lonyango lomntwana wakho.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba umntwana wam unesifo sokungaqondi esizalwa naso?

Kuxhomekeke kwindlela imeko echaphazela ngayo uphuhliso losana olungekazalwa kunye/okanye impilo yomntwana emva kokuzalwa. Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane anokunyanga i-syphilis, kodwa akanakulungisa umonakalo osele wenzeke. Oku kuthetha ukuba ezinye iintsana zinokuba nemiphumo yexesha elide ngenxa yosulelo (njengokutshintsha kombono okanye ukuva). Iqela lezonyango lomntwana wakho liza kuchaza into omawuyilindele kunye nendlela yokuxhasa iimfuno zomntwana wakho.

Ngaba iintsana ezineengxaki zokuzalwa ziyasinda?

Ewe. Amathuba abo okusinda axhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, njengokuba unyango luqalwa nini. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, i-syphilis yokuzalwa inokubulala. Ukuba kukho ukufa kosana emva kweeveki ezingama-20 zokukhulelwa, kufuneka uhlolwe i-syphilis.

Ngaba i-syphilis yokuzalwa ingathintelwa?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo unako! Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuba umntwana wakho abe ne-syphilis yokuzalwa:

• Ziqhelise ngesondo elikhuselekileyo ngaphambi nangexesha lokukhulelwa: Isondo elikhuselekileyo lithetha ukusebenzisa iikhondom kunye namadam amazinyo ngalo lonke ixesha usenza isondo. Kwakhona, cela amaqabane akho ukuba avavanyelwe ii-STI kwaye anyaniseke kuwe malunga neziphumo. Khumbula, iindlela zokuthintela ezifana neekhondom azinakuthintela ngokupheleleyo ii-STI, kodwa zinokunciphisa umngcipheko. Ukuze uphephe ukufumana i-syphilis okanye ezinye ii-STI ngexesha lokukhulelwa, ungayeka ukwenza isondo de kube emva kokuba ubelethile.
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-syphilis ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Njengakwamanye amazwe amaninzi, olu vavanyo lwenziwa kutyelelo lokuqala lweklinikhi. Ngamanye amaxesha, olu vavanyo lwenziwa nakwi-trimester yokugqibela yokukhulelwa kunye/okanye ngexesha lokuzalwa. Ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana i-syphilis, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uhlolwe kwakhona.
• Fumana unyango lwe-syphilis: Ukuba ufunyenwe une-syphilis ngaphambi okanye ngexesha lokukhulelwa, unyango lunokunyanga usulelo kwaye lunciphise umngcipheko wokudlulisela i-syphilis kumntwana wakho. Okukhona uqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo zingcono. Unyango oluqala kwiintsuku ezingama-30 zokuzalwa lusenokungasebenzi kakuhle ekukhuseleni umntwana wakho. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukuvavanywa ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Ukuba ukhathazekile ngomngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-syphilis okanye enye i-STI, thetha nogqirha. Banokukuxelela ngovavanyo baze bakuchazele ukuba zeziphi ii-STI ezinokuchaphazela ukukhulelwa kwakho okanye usana lwakho. Ungaziva ungakhululekanga ukuthetha nogqirha malunga nesondo okanye ii-STI. Kodwa khumbula, umsebenzi wabo kukukunceda kwaye benze konke okusemandleni abo ukuxhasa impilo yakho. Fumana ugqirha okwenza uzive ukhululekile, ukhuselekile, kwaye uhlonitshwa.

Ndingalufuna nini uncedo lwezonyango?

Ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye ucinga ukuba unokuba ne-syphilis, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uvavanywe kwaye uqale unyango ukuba unesifo. Ukuba awunayo ugqirha wosapho oqhelekileyo, ungafumana uncedo kwiziko lempilo yoluntu okanye kumbutho okwindawo okuyo. Ukuba umntwana wakho ufunyaniswe ene-syphilis yokuzalwa, kuya kufuneka uqhubeke novavanyo lwezonyango (`ukulandelelana') nokuba unyango luphelile. Oku kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba usulelo luphelile ngokwenene kwaye ujonge uphuhliso lomntwana wakho. Qiniseka ukuba umsa umntwana wakho kuzo zonke ezi mvavanyo kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yeqela lakho lezonyango. Mhlawumbi ukhulelwe kwaye usandula ukufumanisa ukuba une-syphilis. Usenokuba uzibuza, "Ndenze ntoni ngoku?" Okanye mhlawumbi sele ubelekile kwaye umntwana wakho unyangelwa i-syphilis yokuzalwa. Usenokuziva ungenakunceda kwaye uxinezelekile. Oku akukuko obukulindele. Yazi ukuba kukho uncedo, nokuba ukuphi na. Thetha neqela lakho lezonyango malunga nendlela oziva ngayo. Baza kukunika inkxaso kunye nezixhobo ozidingayo. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba udlule koku wedwa.

Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya

Kulungile, masishwankathele ezinye zezinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule koko sithethe ngako:

• I-Congenital syphilis yimeko enzima edluliselwa kumama ukuya kusana, kodwa inokuthintelwa ukuba ifunyenwe kwaye inyangwe kwangethuba.
• Ukuba ukhulelwe, qiniseka ukuba uvavanya i-syphilis. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela wena nomntwana wakho.
• Ukuba ufumanisa ukuba une-syphilis, ungoyiki kwaye uqale unyango ngoko nangoko. Kukho unyango olukhuselekileyo olunokuthathwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
• Isondo esikhuselekileyo asingomagama ambalwa nje, sibaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yakho neyentsapho yakho.
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo, thetha nogqirha ngokukhululekileyo. Bakulungele ukukunceda.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi lunokukunceda. Ngamana ungafumana amandla okuba ngumama osempilweni kwaye ube nomntwana osempilweni!

---

I- Syphilis, i-syphilis yokuzalwa, ukukhulelwa, impilo yomntwana, izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo, unyango, uthintelo