Xa ugqirha wakuxelela ukuba unomhlaza we-prostate, kwakukho inombolo kwingxelo yakho ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Gleason Score', akunjalo? Usenokuba waziva usoyika kancinci xa wayibona le nto. Usenokuba wazibuza ukuba le nani lithini, lithetha ukuthini, nokuba linqaku elihle okanye elibi. Ungakhathazeki, kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ngaloo ndlela. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokuba yintoni le Gleason Score kunye nokuba ithetha ukuthini ngokwenene ngendlela elula kakhulu onokuyiqonda.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni le Gleason Score?
I-Gleason Score yinkqubo yokufumana amanqaku esetyenziselwa ukwahlula umhlaza weprostate, oko kukuthi, ukuqonda uhlobo lwawo. Kufana nokunika amanqaku kuvavanyo esikolweni. Kodwa le yahlukile kancinci.
Usenokukhumbula ukuba iqhekeza elincinci lesicubu lithathwe kwi-prostate yakho ukuze lihlolwe i-biopsy. Elo qhekeza lesicubu lihlolwa phantsi kwe-microscope kwilebhu ngugqirha oyingcali, obizwa ngokuba yi-pathologist. Ujonga indlela iiseli zomhlaza ezifana okanye ezahluke ngayo kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo ezisempilweni. Lo mahluko usetyenziselwa ukunika umbono "wobunzima" bomhlaza, okanye ukuba usasazeke ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
Ngoko ke, le Gleason Score lulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu olunceda oogqirha ukuba bakhethe unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe kwaye baqikelele indlela imeko yakho eya kuqhubeka ngayo.
Ibalwa njani iGleason Score?
Oku kwenziwa ngendlela enomdla kakhulu. Xa ingcali yezifo ijonga iiseli zomhlaza ngemakroskopu, izinika amanqaku ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-5 ngokusekelwe kwimbonakalo yazo.
- Inqaku 1: Iiseli zomhlaza zifana kakhulu neeseli eziqhelekileyo ezisempilweni. Kunokuba nzima ukubona ukuba zinomhlaza na.
- Amanqaku 2-4: Iiseli zomhlaza ziyaqala ukuhluka kancinci kancinci kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo.
- Inqaku lesi-5: Iiseli zomhlaza zinembonakalo eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo, engaqhelekanga kuneeseli eziqhelekileyo.
Cinga ngale ndlela. Iiseli zomhlaza zifana nabantwana abangcolileyo eklasini. Inqaku eli-1 lithetha umntu ongcolileyo kancinci, kodwa obonakala ngathi ngumntwana olungileyo uninzi lwexesha. Inqaku eli-5 lithetha umntu owahluke ngokupheleleyo kwabanye abantwana eklasini, ongcolileyo kakhulu, kwaye kunzima ukumlawula.
Ngoku into ebalulekileyo. Kwinxalenye yeprostate yakho apho unomhlaza khona, iiseli azifani zonke. Kwezinye iindawo iiseli zinokubonakala zingcono kancinci (amanqaku aphantsi), kwezinye iindawo iiseli zinokwahluka kakhulu (amanqaku aphezulu).
Ngoko ke, ingcali yezifo ikhetha iindawo ezimbini eziphambili apho umhlaza usasazeke khona kakhulu.
1. Uphawu olunikwa iiseli ezikwindawo apho umhlaza uxhaphake khona kakhulu .
2. Uphawu olunikwa iiseli ezikwindawo apho umhlaza ungowesibini oxhaphakileyo .
Emva koko la manqaku mabini adityaniswa kunye. Eso sixa-mali sibizwa ngokuba yiGleason Score .
Umzekelo, ukuba indawo eqhelekileyo yomhlaza ngamanqaku ama-4, kwaye indawo yesibini eqhelekileyo ngamanqaku ama-3, iGleason Score yakho iya kuba yi-4 + 3 = 7.
Ngokubanzi, iGleason Score eyi-6 okanye ngaphezulu ithathwa njengomhlaza. Iipateni zeeseli ezinamanqaku ayi-1 kunye ne-2 azisathathwa njengomhlaza. Ngoko ke iGleason Score ephantsi onokuyibona yi-6 (3+3).
Zithini kanye kanye ezi nombolo?
Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Kulungile, amanqaku am ngu-6, okanye u-7, okanye u-8. Kuthetha ukuthini oko? Ingaba kulungile oko? Ingaba kubi oko?"
Asiyijongi iGleason Score njenge "elungileyo" okanye "embi." Endaweni yoko, siyisebenzisa ukunika umbono wokuba umhlaza unokukhula okanye usasazeke ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Masiwahlule abe ngamacandelo amathathu.
| Amanqaku eGleason | Igama lezonyango | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|---|
| 6 | Yahluke kakuhle | Iiseli zomhlaza zifana kakhulu neeseli eziphilileyo. Ziluhlobo lomhlaza olukhula kancinci kakhulu kwaye lunomngcipheko omncinci wokusasazeka (i-metastasizing). |
| 7 | Yahlulwe ngokuphakathi | Iiseli zomhlaza ziyafana neeseli eziphilileyo ngeendlela ezithile. Ziluhlobo lomhlaza olunokukhula ngesantya esiphakathi . (Apha, nokuba yi-3+4 okanye i-4+3 kubalulekile). |
| 8, 9, okanye 10 | Ayinazo umahluko okanye ayinazo umahluko | Iiseli zomhlaza zahlukile kakhulu kwiiseli eziphilileyo. Zinokukhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye zisasazeke.Uhlobo lomhlaza. |
Ngaba ikho into efana neGleason Score "elungileyo"?
Akunjalo ngokwenene. Amanqaku aphantsi (6) athetha ukuba umhlaza ukhula kancinci. Ziindaba ezimnandi ezo. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba unyango alufuneki. Ngokufanayo, amanqaku aphezulu (8, 9, 10) athetha ukuba umhlaza ukhula ngokukhawuleza, ngoko ke kufuneka siwunike ingqalelo ngakumbi kwaye siqale unyango oluqatha ngakumbi kwangethuba.
Ngaba iGleason Score yodwa yanele?
Nantsi into ekufuneka uyikhumbule. Ugqirha wakho akajongi nje inombolo yeGleason Score ukuze acwangcise unyango lwakho. Licandelo elincinci nje lomfanekiso omkhulu. Zininzi nezinye izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele ukuze uqonde umfanekiso opheleleyo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, iGleason Score yakho yodwa ayinakuchaza ibali elipheleleyo lemeko yakho. Yinto enye nje yephazili.
Ezinye zezinto ugqirha aza kuziqwalasela zezi:
- Inqanaba legazi le-PSA: Ixabiso lovavanyo lwakho lwegazi lwe-PSA (i-prostate-specific antigen).
- Uvavanyo lweDijithali oluvela kwiRectal: Oko ugqirha akuvayo ngexesha lovavanyo ngomnwe wakhe.
- Olunye ulwazi oluvela kwi-biopsy: Zingaphi iziqwenga zezicubu ezifunyenweyo ezinomhlaza? Zingaphi iiseli zomhlaza ezifunyenweyo kwisiqwenga ngasinye sezicubu?
- Iiskeni: Ulwazi olufunyenwe kwiimvavanyo ezifana ne-ultrasound, i-MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) okanye iiskeni ze-PET (positron emission tomography).
- Ngaba umhlaza usasazekile?: Ngaba umhlaza usasazeke kumacala omabini e-prostate gland? Okanye ngaba usasazeke nakwamanye amalungu angaphandle kwe-gland?
Ngokuhlanganisa lonke olu lwazi , ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba inqanaba lomhlaza wakho aze axoxe nawe ngolunye unyango olulungele wena.
Ngoko ke, ungakhathazeki ukuba iGleason Score yakho yi-7 okanye i-8. Mhlawumbi i-PSA yakho iphantsi, okanye umhlaza awukasasazeki. Ngoko ke ungakhawulezi ufikelele kwizigqibo ngokusekelwe kwinani. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngayo yonke imibuzo yakho kunye noloyiko lwakho. Uza kukuchazela yonke into.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Gleason Score yinkqubo yokufumana amanqaku elinganisa indlela "ezahluke" ngayo iiseli zomhlaza we-prostate, oko kuthetha ukuba zinokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kangakanani.
- Eli nqaku linikwa emva kokuhlola isiqwenga sesicwili esithathwe kwi-biopsy yakho phantsi kwe-microscope.
- Amanqaku ama-6 abonisa umhlaza okhula kancinci. Amanqaku ama-8, ama-9, kunye nama-10 abonisa umhlaza okhula ngokukhawuleza. Amanqaku ama-7 abonisa inqanaba eliphakathi.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Unyango lwakho alumiselwanga kuphela yiGleason Score yakho. Ezinye izinto ezininzi, ezifana namanqanaba ePSA kunye neengxelo zeskeni, nazo ziyaqwalaselwa.
- Musa ukoyika amanani akwingxelo yakho. Buza ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onazo. Nguye onokukunika ulwazi olungcono.
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