Akunamsebenzi ukuba uziva luphi uhlobo lobushushu kule mihla, akunjalo? Uyabila kwaye uzive ungenabomi. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba obu bushushu bugqithisileyo bunokuba yimeko eyingozi enokuthi ibekwe ngokulula, ngamanye amaxesha ide ibeke ubomi esichengeni. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enzima neyingozi ebangelwa bubushushu. Loo nto yi-heat stroke.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-heat stroke?
Ngamafutshane, isifo sobushushu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu lwesifo esibangelwa bubushushu. Sivela xa imizimba yethu ishushu kakhulu kwaye ingakwazi ukuzipholisa. Cinga ngako, imizimba yethu inenkqubo yendalo yokupholisa. Sibila njengenxalenye yaloo nkqubo. Njengoko ubila luphuma, ulusu lwethu luyaphola.
Nangona kunjalo, xa sikwindawo eshushu kakhulu (njengendlu engenamoya uneleyo okanye imoto epakiweyo), okanye xa sizilolonga kakhulu, ubushushu obuveliswa yimizimba yethu buyanda ngaphaya kwamandla ethu. Ngeli xesha, ubushushu bomzimba wethu bunyuka bufikelele kwinqanaba eliyingozi lama-40 degrees Celsius (104 Fahrenheit) . Kulapho ke sibiza ngokuba yi-heat stroke.
I-Heat stroke yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango esongela ubomi efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Okukhona unyango lulibaziseka, kokukhona umngcipheko wokonakala kwamalungu angaphakathi nokufa uyanda.
I-heat stroke idla ngokulandelwa yimeko engembi kangako ebizwa ngokuba 'kukudinwa bubushushu'. Oku kuthetha ukuziva ubuthathaka, unesizungu, kwaye unesicaphucaphu. Nangona kunjalo, i-heat stroke ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzeka ngequbuliso ngaphandle kwesilumkiso . Umahluko ophambili phakathi kwezi zimbini kukuba i-heat stroke ichaphazela ingqondo (encephalopathy). Oku kuthetha ukuba indlela umntu aziphethe ngayo kunye nendlela acinga ngayo iyatshintsha. Banokubonisa iimpawu zokuphakuzela, ukudideka, kunye nobundlobongela. Banokude balahlekelwe zingqondo.
Ukuba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe unale mpawu, fowunela i-1990 Suwaseriya Ambulance Service ngoko nangoko okanye umse kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini ze-heat stroke.
Siyahlulahlula le meko ibe ziinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lokubetha kobushushu | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Heat Stroke yakudala (engasebenzisi amandla) (Uhlobo oluvela xa ungazilolongi) | Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yobushushu obugqithisileyo kwindawo esingqongileyo. Khawuthelekelele, xa sikwindlu engenamoya opholileyo (AC), okanye ngaphakathi emotweni epakiweyo, inkqubo yokupholisa yomzimba wethu ayikwazi ukumelana nayo. Le meko ichaphazela kakhulu abantwana abancinci kunye nabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala. Olu lolona hlobo sive ngalo xa sisiva ngobushushu obugqithisileyo ezindabeni. |
| Uxinzelelo lobushushu oluqhubekayo (Uhlobo oluvela ngexesha lokuzilolonga) | Oku kwenzeka kuba umsebenzi omninzi womzimba (ukuzilolonga, ezemidlalo, ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima) kuvelisa ubushushu obuninzi (ubushushu be-metabolic) emzimbeni. Oku kunokwenzeka rhoqo ngexesha lokuzilolonga kwimozulu eshushu. Kodwa kunokwenzeka nakwiiqondo zobushushu eziqhelekileyo. Le meko ichaphazela kakhulu abantu abaselula nabasempilweni. |
Zithini iimpawu zesifo sobushushu? Uzibona njani?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi ezi mpawu, kuba umntu okule meko usenokungakwazi ukucela uncedo ngokwakhe. Ngoko ke, ukwenza abantu abamngqongileyo bazi ngale nto kunokunceda ekusindiseni ubomi.
Iimpawu eziphambili zezi:
- Ubushushu bomzimba obuphezulu ngaphakathi: Ngokwesiqhelo bungaphezulu kwama-40 degrees Celsius (104°F).
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha: Izinto ezifana nokucaphuka okungachazekiyo, ubundlobongela, ukudideka, kunye nokuphambana.
- Umbono ofipheleyo .
- Isiyezi .
- Ukuquleka /Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
- Isantya sentliziyo esiphezulu (iTachycardia).
- Ukwanda kwesantya sokuphefumla kunye nokuphefumla kancinci (iTachypnea).
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (iHypotension).
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
- Ukuxhuzula .
- Amazwi angaqondakaliyo xa ethetha.
- Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu: Ulusu luba bomvu okanye lube mthubi.
- Ulusu olomileyo (kwi-heat stroke yakudala) okanye ukubila okugqithisileyo (kwi-heat stroke eqhutywa ngamandla).
- Ubuthathaka obukhulu emzimbeni.
Ungazibona nawe ezinye zezi mpawu. Ukuba kunjalo,Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Kodwa ukuba udidekile uze ulahlekelwe zingqondo, uya kufuna umntu oza kukunceda. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile kuthi sonke ukuba siqaphele ezi mpawu.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo sobushushu?
Abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba nale meko. Masibone ukuba bangoobani.
Umsebenzi kunye nemisebenzi
Abasebenzi bezolimo, abasebenzi bokwakha, abacimi-mlilo, abasebenzi bomkhosi, kunye nabadlali basengozini enkulu. Kwakhona, nomntu ongaqhelanga ukuzilolonga ebushushu unokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu ukuba ngequbuliso uzilolonga ngaphandle.
Izinto ezisingqongileyo nezentlalo
- Ukulahlekelwa zizixhobo zomoya opholileyo (AC) ekhaya.
- Ukuhlala kwindawo enemozulu eshushu (njengendawo eyomileyo yaseSri Lanka).
- Ukuhlala wedwa (kuba akukho mntu wokunceda xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo).
- Ukuzilolonga ngaphaya kwamandla omzimba ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluvela kubahlobo okanye kubaqeqeshi.
Ubudala kunye neemeko zempilo
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala kunye neentsana ezincinci.
- Oomama abakhulelweyo.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni .
- Ukuba nosulelo lwentsholongwane okanye iintsholongwane (njengomkhuhlane).
- Ukuba nesifo sentliziyo .
- Iimeko zonyango ezinciphisa amandla okubila.
Amanye amayeza kunye neziyobisi
Amanye amayeza kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo anokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-heat stroke. La mayeza anokuphazamisana nenkqubo yokupholisa yomzimba, anyibilikise umzimba, okanye anyuse imveliso yobushushu emzimbeni.
- Amayeza: Amayeza anjenge-amphetamines, ii-antihistamines, ii-antipsychotics, ii-diuretics, kunye nee-beta-blockers.
- Ezinye izinto: Iziyobisi ezifana notywala, i-cocaine, kunye ne-heroin.
Ukuba usela naliphi na iyeza elifana neli, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imiyalelo ekhethekileyo ekufuneka uyilandele ngeli xesha lishushu.
Senza ntoni xa umntu ngequbuliso ehlaselwa sisifo sobushushu? (Uncedo lokuqala)
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo. Ukuba umntu ubonisa iimpawu zesifo sobushushu, kukho izinto ezimbalwa esinokuzenza ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba i-ambulensi ifike. Ukuba singaqala ukupholisa umzimba kwimizuzu engama-30 emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile, amathuba okuchacha aphezulu kakhulu.
| ✔️ Izinto onokuzenza | ❌ Izinto ekungafanele zenziwe |
|---|---|
| 1. Yiya kwindawo epholileyo ngoko nangoko: Yisuse elangeni, yiya kwindawo enomthunzi, enomoya opholileyo ukuba kunokwenzeka. | 1. Musa ukunika amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane: Musa ukunika amayeza afana neParacetamol. Ubushushu obugqithisileyo abuyonto iqhelekileyo. La mayeza anokuyenza imeko ibe mandundu. |
| 2. Galela amanzi emzimbeni wakho: Galela amanzi emzimbeni wakho uze uvuthele umoya kuwo. Ukuba unefeni, yisebenzise. | 2. Musa ukumnika into yokusela: Oku kungabonakala kungaqhelekanga, kodwa ukuba unika umntu odidekileyo amanzi, angabhajwa kwindlela yomoya (aspiration). Oku kuyingozi. |
| 3. Sebenzisa amalaphu abandayo: Gquma umzimba wakho kangangoko unako ngeetawuli okanye amalaphu abandayo. Tshintsha ilaphu rhoqo ngomzuzu. | |
| 4. Faka iipakethi zomkhenkce: Faka iipakethi zomkhenkce kwiindawo ezinemithambo yegazi emikhulu, njengeengalo, imisipha, nentamo. |
Kwenzeka ntoni esibhedlele?
Oogqirha kunye nabongikazi kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) basebenzisa iindlela zokupholisa umzimba ngokukhawuleza de ubushushu bawo bufikelele kwinqanaba elikhuselekileyo.
- Ukuntywiliselwa emanzini abandayo: Umzimba wonke (ngaphandle kwentloko) untywiliselwa ebhafini enamanzi abandayo.
- Ukufutha nokuphephetha: Iifeni ezinkulu zijikeleza umoya ngelixa zifutha umzimba.
- Kwakhona, ukuba kuyimfuneko, banika ulwelo lwe-IV (ityuwa) kunye namayeza okuxhasa ukusebenza kwamalungu omzimba.
Singazikhusela njani kule meko iyingozi?
Ukuhlaselwa bubushushu kudla ngokuthintelwa. Ngokucwangcisa okuncinci, ungahlala ukhuselekile.
- Gcina ikhaya lakho lipholile:Sebenzisa iifeni, kwaye ukuba kunokwenzeka, ii-air conditioner (AC). Iifeni zodwa zisenokunganeli kwiintsuku apho ubushushu bungaphezulu kwama-37 degrees Celsius.
- Yenza isicwangciso seentsuku ezishushu: Ukuba ikhaya lakho alipholile ngokwaneleyo, cinga ngendawo epholileyo apho unokuchitha khona ixesha elishushu kakhulu losuku (umz., iziko loluntu, ivenkile enkulu, iholo yeemuvi).
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Sela amanzi amaninzi ngaphambi, ngexesha, nasemva kokuzilolonga. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, ukusela into efana namanzi eorenji nako kulungile. Ungasebenzisa isisombululo esifana neJeevani (ngokwengcebiso kagqirha) ukubuyisela ii-electrolytes ezilahlekileyo emzimbeni ngenxa yokubila. Kubalulekile ukusela amanzi amaninzi nangeentsuku ozilolonga ngazo.
- Kuphephe ukuvezwa kubushushu obugqithisileyo: Nciphisa umsebenzi wangaphandle kunye nokuzilolonga ngexesha leeyure ezishushu kakhulu zemini (phakathi kwe-11 kusasa kunye ne-3 emva kwemini). Ukuba wenza umthambo, khetha kusasa okanye emva kwemini.
- Nxiba impahla ekhaphukhaphu: Nxiba impahla ekhanyayo, efunxa umbilo, nekhululekileyo efana nekotoni.
- Ungaze ushiye abantwana okanye izilwanyana zasekhaya zodwa emotweni: Ungaze ushiye abantwana emotweni epakiweyo nokuba ngumzuzu omnye . Ubushushu ngaphakathi emotweni bunokunyuka bufikelele kumanqanaba ayingozi ngokukhawuleza.
- Balumkele abo basemngciphekweni: Soloko ujonga amalungu osapho lwakho, kuquka abantu abadala, abantwana abancinci, okanye abo banezifo ezingapheliyo, ngeli xesha lishushu.
Musa ukucinga ukuba i-heat stroke yinto efunyanwa ngabagijimi be-marathon kuphela. Kwanomntu ohlala ekhaya ngemini eshushu unokufumana. Ngoko ke, thetha nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo bakho ngale nto. Bazise ngezi mpawu.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ubushushu obugqithisileyo bubunzima obubangelwa kukushisa okukhulu.
- Uphawu oluphambili bubushushu bomzimba obuphezulu (ngaphezu kwama-40°C) kunye neempawu ezinxulumene nokusebenza kwengqondo, ezinje ngokuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukudideka, kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha .
- Ukuba umntu unezi mpawu, fowunela i-1990 Ambulance Service ngoko nangoko, susa isigulana usise kwindawo epholileyo, uze uqalise ukupholisa umzimba ngokuwugalela amanzi.
- Ungaze unike umntu odidekileyo into yokusela okanye amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane.
- Le meko inokuthintelwa kakhulu ngokusela amanzi amaninzi, ukuphepha amaxesha ashushu emini, nokunxiba impahla ekhaphukhaphu.
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