Ngaba iintsimbi ezinzima zingangena emzimbeni wakho zize zibangele ityhefu? (Ityhefu yesinyithi enzima) Masithethe ngale nto!

Ngaba wakha weva nge-'Heavy Metal Poisoning'? Eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa kancinci, akunjalo? Kodwa yinto sonke ekufuneka siyiqaphele, kuba le meko inokusichaphazela singazi nokuba siyiqonda. Ngamafutshane, kuxa iintsimbi ezithile eziyingozi emizimbeni yethu zingena emizimbeni yethu ngendlela yamasuntswana amancinci angabonakaliyo emehlweni, aqokelelene ngokuhamba kwexesha, aze onakalise iiseli zethu. Oku kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwamalungu omzimba wethu abalulekileyo kwaye kubangele nezifo ezinzulu.

Zithini ezi metal zinzima? Kutheni ziyingozi kuthi?

Cinga nje, kukho ezinye iimetali ezikhoyo ngokwemvelo kwindawo esikuyo, emhlabeni. Ezinye zezi azilungelanga imizimba yethu kwaphela. Xa amasuntswana amancinci kakhulu ezi metali, njengothuli, engena emizimbeni yethu, ayabopha kwiiseli zemizimba yethu kwaye awavumeli ezo seli ukuba zisebenze kakuhle. Kungathi abasebenzi abancinci abasebenza emizimbeni yethu bayasikhathaza. Kulapho iimpawu ezahlukeneyo ziqala ukubonakala khona. Ukuba azinyangwa, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba yingozi ebomini.

Iintlobo eziphambili zeesinyithi ezinzima ezinokubangela ubuthi zezi:

• Ilothe: Oku kungangena emizimbeni yethu rhoqo ngemibhobho yamanzi emidala (ingakumbi ezindlwini ezindala), ezinye iintlobo zeebhetri, ezinye iintlobo zepeyinti (ingakumbi ipeyinti endala), ipetroli (ipetroli enelothe yayifumaneka ngaphambili, kodwa ngoku ayifumaneki), kunye nezinye izinto zokwakha.
• I-Mercury: Mhlawumbi sele uyibonile loo nto icwebezelayo kwii-thermometer ze-mercury. Yi-mercury leyo. Ingafumaneka nakwiibhalbhu ezithile zokukhanya, kwi-dental amalgam "silver" fillings, kwiibhetri, kwiintlanzi zaselwandle (ingakumbi iintlanzi ezinkulu), nakwezinye izibulali-ntsholongwane zesikhumba.
• I-Arsenic: I-Arsenic inokufumaneka kwiikrimu zesikhumba, kwiiherbicides, kwiinambuzane, kwiifungicides, kwiipeyinti, kwiglasi, emanzini angcolileyo, kwiintlanzi ezithile, nakwi-algae.
• I-Cadmium: Oku kufumaneka kakhulu kumsi wecuba. Kukwafumaneka nakwiiplati zesinyithi kunye neebhetri.
• I-Thallium: Oku kusenokufumaneka kwi-rodenticides, kwi-insecticide, nakwezinye ii-fireworks.

Ezi metal zinzima zingena njani emizimbeni yethu?

Sichanabeka kwezi zinyithi ngamanani amancinci yonke imihla. Nangona kunjalo, ityhefu iyenzeka xa ezi zinyithi zingena emizimbeni yethu ngamanani amakhulu . Zininzi iindlela oku okunokwenzeka ngazo:

• Ukutya ukutya okuninzi okunesinyithi: Umzekelo, ukutya rhoqo iintlanzi ezinkulu zaselwandle ezine-mercury.
• Ukusela amanzi avela kwiinkqubo zamanzi ezineepayipi zesinyithi ezindala: Ezi zingongeza iintsimbi ezifana nelothe emanzini.
• Ukusebenza ngezi zinyithi njengomsebenzi: Umzekelo, kumzi-mveliso webhetri, kwivenkile yokupenda, kwivenkile yokudibanisa, okanye kwindawo apho kuphathwa khona iikhemikhali zezolimo, lo mngcipheko uphezulu kwabo basebenza ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokuzikhusela.
• Ukuthatha amayeza okanye izongezo ezinamanqanaba aphezulu ezinto zesinyithi ngaphezu komlinganiselo omiselweyo.
• Ukusebenzisa iimveliso ezineentsimbi eziphezulu (ezifana neepeyinti, izibulali-zinambuzane) ngaphandle kwezixhobo zokuzikhusela.

Ezi metal zingena emzimbeni njengee-microscopic particles, ngoko ke asinakuzibona ngamehlo ethu. Kukho iindlela ezintathu eziphambili zokungena kwazo:

1. Ukufunxa eluswini lwakho: Ezinye iintsimbi zinokufunxa emzimbeni ngomphezulu wesikhumba.

2. Ukuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla: Xa siphefumla, amasuntswana amancinci esinyithi emoyeni angena emzimbeni ngemiphunga.

3. Ukutya okanye ukusela - ukusela: Xa utya okanye usela ukutya okuneentsimbi, zingena emzimbeni nazo.

Ngubani onokuthi aphuhlise oku ngakumbi?

Le meko inokwenzeka ukuba umntu uchaphazeleka zezi metal zinzima, oko kukuthi, ukuba uzityile. Abantu abasengozini enkulu baquka:

• Abantu abasela amanzi kwimibhobho yesinyithi endala (ingakumbi ilothe).
• Abantu abasebenza ngesinyithi (umz. abasebenzi basefektri, abathungi, abapeyinti).
• Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza okanye izongezo zesondlo ezineesinyithi ezingaphezulu kunomlinganiselo ocetyiswayo.
• Abantu abahlala kwiindawo apho umoya okanye amanzi angcoliseka khona kakhulu.
• Abantu abadla ngokutya ukutya okunezinyithi ezininzi (ezifana neentlobo ezithile zeentlanzi).
• Abantu abatya izinto ezingalunganga ukuzitya nezinesinyithi (umz. iitships zepeyinti ezindala) (ingakumbi abantwana abancinci abanokuthi bafake ezi zinto emlonyeni wabo).

Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kubantwana abancinci! Ngenxa yokuba imizimba yabo isakhula kwaye inovelwano kakhulu kwimiphumo emibi yezi metal, abantwana abancinci banamathuba amaninzi okufumana ityhefu ye metal enzima. Ngoko ke, kufuneka balumke ngakumbi.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Akukho zibalo zichanekileyo zokuba oku kuqheleke kangakanani. Kodwa kumazwe afana neMelika, kuthiwa le meko iphantsi kakhulu ngoku. Isizathu kukuba abantu bayayazi le nto kwaye bathathe amanyathelo okususa ezi zinyithi ziyingozi emakhayeni abo. Nangona kunjalo, kumazwe afana nelethu, le ngozi isenokubakho ngenxa yeziseko zophuhliso ezindala, ungcoliseko lokusingqongileyo oluvela kwimizi-mveliso, kunye neekhemikhali ezisetyenziswa kwezolimo.

Kwenzeka ntoni emzimbeni xa kuvela ubuthi be-heavy metal? Zithini iimpawu?

Ukuchanabeka kwezi metal zinzima kuyingozi kakhulu kwimpilo yethu. Nangona sisebenzisa ii metal kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla, ezinye ii metal ziyingozi kakhulu. Kuba ezo metal ziyonakalisa iiseli emizimbeni yethu okanye ziphazamisane nokusebenza okuqhelekileyo kweeseli.

Imizimba yethu ikwafuna ubungakanani obuncinci beesinyithi ezifana ne-iron, i-copper, kunye ne-zinc. Zinceda amalungu ethu asebenze kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi metals zinobuthi ziqokelelana kakhulu emzimbeni, zinokuqalisa ukonakalisa amalungu abalulekileyo afana nengqondo yethu, isibindi kunye nezintso.

Zithini iimpawu?

Ezi mpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesinyithi kunye nobungakanani obutyiweyo (inqanaba lokuvezwa). Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Intlungu zesisu.
• Ukugodola okanye ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni - Ukulahlekelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Urhudo.
• Ukuziva ubuthathaka, udiniwe.
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza.
• Ukuziva ukrwempa emqaleni wakho.
• Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukurhawuzelelwa ezandleni nasezinyaweni.

Ezi zezona mpawu zibalulekileyo nezisongela ubomi:

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmia).
• I-anemia.
• Ukonakala kwengqondo kunye nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukonakala kwezintso.
• Umonakalo wesibindi.
• Ukuphuma kwesisu - Ukuba ngumama okhulelweyo.
• Umngcipheko okhulayo wokuba nomhlaza.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zinzima, ingakumbi ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba ukhe wachaphazeleka sisifo sentsimbi esinzima, kuya kufuneka uye kwisebe likaxakeka esibhedlele ngoko nangoko!

Yintoni isizathu? Kutheni oku kusenzeka?

Ngamafutshane, isizathu kukuba ezi metal zinzima ziqokelelana emizimbeni yethu. Oku kuqokelelana kwenzeka emva kokuba sichatshazelwe zezi metal. Xa sele zingaphakathi emzimbeni, ezi metal zinokungena egazini okanye kwizicubu zethu kwaye zisasazeke ukusuka entloko ukuya ezinzwaneni.

Ezi metal zinzima zikhuphisana nezinto ezibalulekileyo ngaphakathi kwiiseli zethu, ezifana nee-enzymes kunye neeproteni. Oko kukuthi, azivumeli ezo zinto ukuba zenze umsebenzi wazo ngokufanelekileyo. Kufana nokuba ziyazixhaphaza. Ngoko ke, xa amalungu ethu engakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wawo ngokufanelekileyo, iimpawu ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili ziyavela.

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto?

Enyanisweni, kunokuba nzima kancinci kugqirha ukufumanisa ngoko nangoko ityhefu yesinyithi esinzima. Kuba iimpawu zinokufana nezezinye izifo. Ke ngoko, ukuba uyazi ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka yisinyithi esinobuthi, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho .

Ugqirha uza kukuhlola (`uvavanyo lomzimba`) kwaye angenza iimvavanyo ezininzi, ezifana nezi:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi olunesinyithi esinzima: Olu vavanyo lujonga ukuba ezi metali zikhona na egazini kwaye zingakanani.
• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (`CBC`): Lujonga inani leeseli egazini.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG): Ijonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso olufana ne-X-ray.
• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwezintso.
• Izifundo zokusebenza kwesibindi.
• Uvavanyo lweproteni yomchamo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi olunesinyithi esinzima lukhangela ntoni?

Olu vavanyo lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'heavy metals panel'. Kuthathwa isampulu yegazi lakho ize ihlolwe ukuba azinazo na ezi metals. Uvavanyo oluphambili zezi:

• Inkokeli
• I-Mercury
• I-Arsenic
• I-Cadmium

Ngamanye amaxesha nezinye iimetali, ezifana nekopolo, i-zinc, i-aluminium, kunye ne-thallium, ziyavavanywa. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zinokukuxelela ukuba ukhe wadibana nemetali enobuthi kunye nokuba ingakanani emzimbeni wakho.

Indlela yokunyanga? (Unyango)

Unyango luxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesinyithi esiqokelelene emzimbeni wakho. Injongo ephambili kukususa ezi metal zinobuthi emzimbeni. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango:

• Ukunika amayeza abizwa ngokuba zii-chelating agents: La mayeza asebenza ngokubophelela kwiintsimbi ezinobuthi emzimbeni aze azikhuphe ngomchamo.
• Ukuhlamba isisu: Oku kungenziwa ukuba isinyithi asikabikho emzimbeni ixesha elide.
• I-Hemodialysis ukuba izintso azisebenzi kakuhle.
• Amanye amayeza okunyanga iimpawu.

Akukabikho unyango olusebenzayo lokususa ezinye iintsimbi, ezifana ne-cadmium, emzimbeni. Uphando lusaqhubeka.

Zeziphi izinto ezilungileyo onokuzitya nokusela xa unetyhefu yesinyithi esinzima?

Ukuba unetyhefu yesinyithi esinzima, kufuneka ukuphephe ukutya ukutya neziselo ezineesinyithi, ingakumbi ukutya kwaselwandle (ingakumbi iintlanzi ezinkulu). Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba amanzi asekuhlaleni anokuba nezi sinyithi, sela amanzi ahluziweyo okanye asemabhotileni endaweni yokusela amanzi empompini.

Ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nee-chelating agents zetyhefu yesinyithi esinzima

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-'Chelating agents'. Imizekelo:

• I-Dimercaprol
• I-Dimercaptosuccinic acid (i-Dimercaptosuccinic acid - `succimer`)
• I-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)
• I-Penicillamine

Eli yeza lidla ngokunikezelwa kubantu abanetyhefu enzima. Linikwa njenge-"IV" emthanjeni. Eli yeza alisusi nje kuphela iintsimbi eziyingozi emzimbeni, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha linokususa iintsimbi ezilungileyo kunye neeminerali ezifunekayo emzimbeni wethu. Ke ngoko, ugqirha uza kukujonga ngononophelo ngelixa ufumana olu nyango.

Kubalulekile: La mayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-'chelating agents' awalungelanga kakhulu abantu abanesifo sentliziyo kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso.

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Indlela okhawuleza ngayo ukuchacha ixhomekeke ekubeni ingakanani isinyithi ekufuneka uyisuse emzimbeni wakho. Emva kokuqala unyango, ezinye iimpawu zinokuphucuka kwiiyure ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, unyango lunokufuneka luqhubeke kangangeenyanga. Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi kubantu abonzakeleyo kumalungu omzimba kunye neempawu eziqatha.

Ukuphepha njani oku? (Ukuthintela)

Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuphepha ityhefu yesinyithi esinzima kukunciphisa ukuvezwa kwezi zisinyithi kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Zininzi izinto onokuzenza ukuze wenze oku:

• Ukuba usebenza ngeentsimbi ezinzima ngolu hlobo, qiniseka ukuba unxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela (PPE). Oko kuthetha izinto ezifana nemaski kunye neeglavu.
• Ukuba kukho isinyithi esichithekileyo okanye esivuzayo ngolu hlobo ekhayeni lakho okanye emsebenzini, nxibelelana namasebe afanelekileyo, njenge-Environmental Protection Authority, ukuze ayicoce.
• Nciphisa ukutya kwakho iintlanzi (iintlanzi ezinkulu zaselwandle) ezinokuba nesinyithi (ingakumbi i-mercury).
• Buza abasemagunyeni bezempilo basekuhlaleni, umninimzi, okanye umhloli ukuze afumanise ukuba imibhobho yamanzi emidala yendlu yakho, ipeyinti, okanye ezinye izinto zinazo na ezi zinyithi ziyingozi.
• Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle phambi kokuba utye.
• Funda iilebheli zeemveliso ozithengayo ukuze ubone ukuba zinazo na ezi zinyithi. Lumka ngakumbi ngokutya komntwana.

Ukuba uhlala kwindawo apho okusingqongileyo kungcoliswe kakhulu, okanye apho amanzi okusela angakhuselekanga kakhulu, usenokuba sengozini yokufumana ityhefu yesinyithi esinzima kwakhona ukuba ezo meko zokusingqongileyo aziphucuki.

Yintoni omele uyilindele ukuba unetyhefu yesinyithi esinzima? (Ukuxela kwangaphambili/Ukulindela)

Eyona nto ingcono kukuba xa ezi metal zinobuthi zisusiwe emzimbeni, ukuchacha okuhle kuhlala kunokwenzeka. Ukuba isifo sichongiwe kwangethuba kwaye unyango luqalwe ngokukhawuleza, iimpawu ezisongela ubomi zinokuphetshwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba azinyangwa, umonakalo ongenakulungiseka unokwenzeka, njengomonakalo wengqondo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso nesibindi.

Ugqirha wakho uza kujonga ngokusondeleyo iimpawu zakho kunye nonyango lwakho. Banokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo amaxesha amaninzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iintsimbi ezinobuthi zisuswa ngokufanelekileyo emzimbeni wakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uneempawu zetyhefu yesinyithi esinzima, ingakumbi ukuba uyazi ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka yityhefu yesinyithi esinzima, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Okanye, tsalela umnxeba kwiziko lokulawula ityhefu.

Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezinzulu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, yiya kwicandelo lezonyango ezingxamisekileyo esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango olucebisayo?
• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ezi metal zinzima ziphume ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni wam?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndiphephe olu hlobo lwetyhefu kwakhona?

Okokugqibela, into ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ityhefu yeHeavy Metal yimeko enzima kakhulu. Iyenzeka xa iimetali ezifana neLead kunye neMercury zingena emzimbeni. Oku akwahlukanga nokumamela umculo we-"heavy metal" (rock and roll) kakhulu! Ukuba ucinga ukuba ukhe wachaphazeleka ziimetali ezinjalo kwaye ufumana iimpawu, funa ingcebiso yezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ulubona olu hlobo lwemetali ngokukhawuleza kwaye uyisuse emzimbeni wakho, ungazisindisa ekonakaleni okukhulu ebomini bakho. Impilo yakho ifanelekile!

Ityhefu yesinyithi esinzima , ilothe, i-mercury, i-arsenic, i-cadmium, ityhefu yesinyithi, iimpawu, unyango