Ngaba nawe uziva udiniwe kwaye ungenabomi ngalo lonke ixesha? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva unesizungu okanye amalungu akho ayabanda? Esinye sezizathu zezi zinto kukuncipha kobungakanani be-hemoglobin egazini lakho. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokulula nangobuhlobo malunga nokuba le hemoglobin yintoni, uvavanyo oluyilinganisayo luthini, kunye nezifo ezinokubonwa.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-hemoglobin?
Cinga nje, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi 'ziilori' ezincinci ezithwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu. Emva koko eyona iphambili ethwala ioksijini kwezo lori ize iyisasaze kuwo onke amalungu omzimba ibizwa ngokuba yihemoglobin . Le yiproteni ekhethekileyo efumaneka kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ihemoglobin inesinyithi. Yile sinyithi ebopha ioksijini kwaye inceda ukuyithwala ukusuka emiphungeni ukuya kuwo onke amanye amalungu kunye nezicubu emzimbeni.
Ngamafutshane, ubungakanani be-hemoglobin egazini lakho bukunika umbono olungileyo wokuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi ziphilile kangakanani. Ukwazi eli nqanaba kunokunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba afumanise izifo ezinxulumene negazi kunye nezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-anemia.
Kutheni le nto kwenziwa olu vavanyo lwe-hemoglobin?
Xa usiya kuhlolwa rhoqo, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin njengenxalenye yokubalwa kwegazi okupheleleyo (CBC). I-CBC ilinganisa inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets egazini lakho. Olu lwazi lunokukunika umfanekiso olungileyo wempilo yakho iyonke.
Ukongeza, ukuba uneempawu zezinga eliphantsi okanye eliphezulu le-hemoglobin, ugqirha wakho ngokuqinisekileyo uya kucebisa olu vavanyo.
| Iimpawu ze-hemoglobin ephantsi | Iimpawu zokunyuka kwamanqanaba e-hemoglobin |
|---|---|
| Ukuziva udiniwe kakhulu rhoqo | Intloko ebuhlungu |
| Ulusu olukhanyayo (ingakumbi ubuso, imilebe, kunye neentende zezandla) | Umbono ofipheleyo okanye umbono ophindwe kabini |
| Ubuthathaka/ubuthathaka | Isiyezi |
| Isiyezi | Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo |
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukungakwazi ukuphefumla nokuba uhamba kancinci) | Ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi |
| Izandla neenyawo ezibandayo | - |
Ngaba kufuneka uzilungiselele ngaphambi kovavanyo?
Uvavanyo olujonga nje amanqanaba e-hemoglobin aludingi naluphi na ulungiselelo olukhethekileyo. Lungenziwa ngemizuzu embalwa nje.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi oluthe kratya kunye nolu vavanyo. Ukuba kunjalo, uya kucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya (ngaphandle kokutya okanye ukusela) iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kovavanyo. Ngoko ke kungcono ubuze ugqirha wakho imiyalelo echanekileyo.
Uyenza njani le vavanyo?
Oku kulula kakhulu. Ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kuthatha isampuli encinci yegazi kumthambo osengalweni yakho (kufutshane nengqiniba) okanye ngasemva kwesandla sakho. Kumntwana omncinci, ithontsi legazi lingathathwa esithendeni okanye kwincam yomnwe.
Okokuqala, indawo ihlanjwa ngotywala, kuze kubekwe i-elastic band ejikeleze ingalo engasentla ukuze kuvele umthambo. Emva koko, kufakwa inaliti encinci emthanjeni. Uya kuziva ukrakra kancinci xa kufakwa inaliti, kodwa ihlala ixesha elifutshane. Emva koko, igazi liqokelelwa kwi-vial encinci lize lithunyelwe kwi-lab ukuze livavanywe.
Ingxelo yovavanyo ithini?
Olu vavanyo luza kukubonisa ngqo ukuba inqanaba le-hemoglobin yakho liqhelekile, liphantsi, okanye liphezulu na. Lunokukunika nombono wokuba imeko imbi kangakanani na.
Kodwa oku akusixeleli ngqo ukuba yintoni ebangele inqanaba le-hemoglobin elingaqhelekanga.
Oku kufana nokujonga ukuba amanzi etankini yamanzi yendlu aphantsi okanye aphezulu. Ukuba amanzi aphantsi, kufuneka ujonge ngokwahlukileyo ukuze ufumane ukuba ingaba imbangela yimpompo evulekileyo, umngxuma etankini, okanye ingxaki ngenjini. Ngokufanayo, ukuze ufumane unobangela we-hemoglobin ephantsi/ephezulu, ugqirha uya kujonga iimpawu zakho kunye nazo zonke ezinye iingxelo zovavanyo ukuze afikelele kwisigqibo.
Zithini ixabiso eliqhelekileyo le-hemoglobin?
Inqanaba eliqhelekileyo le-hemoglobin kumntu omdala liphakathi kwe-12 kunye ne-17.4 grams nge-deciliter yegazi (`12 g/dL - 17.4 g/dL`). Nangona kunjalo, eli xabiso linokwahluka kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, isini, kunye nohlanga. Kwakhona, izinto ezinxulumene nendlela ophila ngayo zinokuchaphazela inqanaba le-hemoglobin yakho, ezinje:
- Ukuphakama apho uhlala khona
- Ukutya kwakho
- Ubungakanani bokuzilolonga
- Amanye amayeza owathathayo
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba i-hemoglobin ephantsi ithetha ukuthini?
I-anemia yimeko apho inqanaba le-hemoglobin liphantsi kunesiqhelo. Oku kunokuthetha ukuba umzimba wakho awuvelisi iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezaneleyo, okanye ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezizivelisayo zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza. Kwakhona, ukopha ixesha elide (umz., ukuya exesheni kakhulu, izilonda zesisu) yimbangela enkulu ye-hemoglobin ephantsi.
Ezinye izizathu ezibangela ukuba i-hemoglobin iphantsi:
- Ukunqongophala kwesinyithi
- Ukunqongophala kokutya, okufana ne-vitamin B12 okanye i-folic acid
- Umhlaza ochaphazela igazi okanye umongo wethambo
- I-Thalassemia
- Isifo sezintso
- Isifo sesibindi
- Isifo seSickle cell
- Ukopha ngenxa yotyando, ingozi, okanye esinye isizathu
Kuthetha ukuthini ukunyuka kwe-hemoglobin?
Ezinye iimeko zonyango zinokubangela ukuba inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi lakho linyuke, nto leyo ebangela ukuba inqanaba le-hemoglobin yakho linyuke. Oku kwenza igazi lakho libe lukhuni kwaye kunciphise ukuhamba kwegazi. Oku kunokunciphisa ubungakanani beoksijini efunyanwa zizitho zakho zomzimba. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kunokunyusa inqanaba le-hemoglobin yakho okwethutyana.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu ezibangela ukwanda kwe-hemoglobin egazini:
- Imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Polycythemia vera'
- Isifo sentliziyo esizalwa naso
- Ezinye izifo zezintso, kuquka nomhlaza wezintso
- Isifo semiphunga esingapheliyo (i-COPD, i-pulmonary fibrosis)
Ingaba oku kuyafana novavanyo lwe-hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)?
Kulapho abantu abaninzi badideka khona. Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-hemoglobin kunye ne-hemoglobin A1c (`HbA1c`) ziimvavanyo ezimbini ezahluke ngokupheleleyo.
- Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-hemoglobin: Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ubungakanani be-hemoglobin egazini lakho. Lusetyenziswa kakhulu ekuxilongeni iimeko ezifana ne-anemia.
- Uvavanyo lweHemoglobin A1c (`HbA1c`): Oku kwenzelwa ukufumanisa isifo seswekile (`Diabetes Mellitus`) okanye ukubona ukuba umntu onesifo seswekile ulawule amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakhe kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 ezidlulileyo. Iswekile (iglucose) egazini lakho inamathela kwihemoglobin. `HbA1c` ilinganisa ipesenti yehemoglobin enale swekile.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba uqonde ukuba ezi mvavanyo zimbini zenziwa ngeenjongo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo.
Ukuba ingxelo yakho ibonisa amaxabiso angaqhelekanga, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku. Usenokuyalela iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ukuze afumane unobangela. Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu esibangela utshintsho kwizinga le-hemoglobin yakho. Ngoko ke hlala uxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho kwaye ulandele icebiso lakhe.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hemoglobin yeyona protein ibalulekileyo kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ethwala ioksijini emzimbeni wakho wonke.
- Iimpawu ezinje ngokudinwa rhoqo, ukuba mdaka, kunye nesiyezi zinokuba ziimpawu ze-hemoglobin ephantsi.
- Uvavanyo lwe-hemoglobin luvavanyo lwegazi olulula kakhulu, olungenazo iingozi olunokwenziwa ngemizuzu embalwa nje.
- Ukuba iziphumo zovavanyo aziqhelekanga, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuze ufumane unobangela. Musa ukuzama ukuzixilonga ngokujonga kwi-intanethi.
- Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwe-hemoglobin kunye novavanyo lwe-hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) lwesifo seswekile ziimvavanyo ezimbini ezahluke ngokupheleleyo.
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