Ingaba umngxuma wesifuba uzele ligazi? Masifunde nge-hemothorax!

Ngaba wakha wabethwa kakhulu esifubeni, okanye wangenwa yingozi, waza ngequbuliso waba nobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu esifubeni, kunye noloyiko? Ukuba kunjalo, unobangela usenokuba kukuqokelelwa kwegazi esifubeni. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enzima kangaka, kodwa enokunyangwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hemothorax kwisayensi yezonyango.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-hemothorax?

Cinga ngayo, imiphunga yakho ingaphakathi kwesifuba sakho, akunjalo? I-Hemothorax kukuqokelelana kwegazi kwindawo ye-pleural, indawo ephakathi kwemiphunga yakho nodonga lwangaphakathi lwesifuba sakho. Le yimeko enzima. Ukuba ayinyangwa, eli gazi liya kuqhubeka liqokelelana kwaye libeke uxinzelelo olukhulu ngaphandle kwemiphunga yakho. Oku kuya kuthintela imiphunga yakho ekuvuvukeni ngokufanelekileyo, oko kuthetha ukuba ayizukukwazi ukusebenza ngokufanelekileyo.

Ukuba uneempawu ze-hemothorax, ingakumbi ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla emva kokwenzakala esifubeni, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko.

Kwenzeka njani oku? Ibaluleke ngantoni indawo ye-pleural?

Ukuze siqonde indlela eyenzeka ngayo i-hemothorax, masiqale sijonge ukuba yintoni eyenziwa yi-pleural space. Kulula kakhulu. I-pleural space inceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo olungaphakathi nangaphandle kwemiphunga xa siphefumla. Ngokwesiqhelo iqulethe umaleko omncinci kakhulu wolwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-pleural fluid. Olu lwelo lwe-pleural lunceda izicubu ezigubungela imiphunga yakho (ebizwa ngokuba yi-pleura) kunye nodonga lwangaphakathi lwesifuba ukuba luhambe kakuhle xa uphefumla. Kufana neoyile encinci eyenza iindawo zomatshini zihambe kakuhle.

Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokwenzakala esifubeni, ingozi, utyando, okanye enye imeko yempilo, igazi lingangena kwindawo ye-pleural lize lixubane nolwelo lwe-pleural. Kulapho ke kwenzeka khona i-hemothorax.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

I-Hemothorax ayinqabile njengoko unokucinga. Ingakumbi xa ithelekiswa nokwenzakala esifubeni. Umzekelo, iingcali zithi eMelika kuphela, phantse amatyala angama-300,000 e-hemothorax axelwa minyaka le. Ngoko ke, sinokubona amatyala amaninzi anjalo kwilizwe lethu.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeHemothorax?

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kufuneka uxhalabe:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (oogqirha babiza oku ngokuthi "i-Dyspnea")
• Ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza (njengokuphefumla kancinci - `(Hyperventilation)`)
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo
• Intlungu yesifuba (oku kungaba yintlungu ebukhali nekhawulezileyo)
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (iHypotension)
• Ukuziva ungaphumli
• Ixhala, oko kuthetha ukuziva uloyiko olungeyomfuneko
• Umkhuhlane (ngamanye amaxesha)

Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, i-hemothorax inokukhokelela ekufeni. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzazi ezi mpawu.

Ziziphi izizathu eziphambili ze-hemothorax?

Izizathu eziphambili zale meko ziingozi ezinkulu, ukwenzakala, kunye notyando esifubeni. Umzekelo, ukuba isifuba sitshayiswe kwingozi yemoto, ukuba siwa ukusuka kwindawo ephakamileyo, okanye ukuba into ebukhali inamathele esifubeni, le meko inokwenzeka. Ukongeza, kukho ezinye izizathu ezininzi:

• Iingxaki zokujiya kwegazi (izifo apho igazi lingajiyi lula)
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• I-Pleural mesothelioma (uhlobo lomhlaza olwenzeka kwi-pleura)
• Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yegazi (xa igazi eliya kwinxalenye yemiphunga linqanyulwa)
• Kubandakanya utyando lwesifuba , utyando lwentliziyo.
• Ngamanye amaxesha umthambo wegazi uyonakala xa kufakwa i-catheter yemithambo ephakathi kumthambo omkhulu.
• Izifo zemfuza ezichaphazela izicwili ezidityanisiweyo, ezifana ne -Ehlers-Danlos syndrome .
• Isifo sephepha (oku kungaba ngunobangela ngamanye amaxesha)

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa oku?

Nabani na unokuba ne-hemothorax, ingakumbi ukuba kukho ukwenzakala esifubeni. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu kancinci:

• Abantu abaye benza utyando lwesifuba: Le ngozi ikhona emva kwalo naluphi na utyando olubandakanya imiphunga okanye isifuba, umzekelo, utyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo okanye ukufakelwa imiphunga.
• Abantu abadlala imidlalo okanye imisebenzi edla ngokubangela ukwenzakala esifubeni: Abantu abadlala imidlalo efana nebhola ekhatywayo, ihoki, ukuphakamisa iintsimbi, ibhokisa, ubugcisa bokulwa njengekarati, kunye nokulwa banamathuba amaninzi okufumana ukubethwa esifubeni. Ke ngoko, basengozini enkulu.

Zeziphi ezinye iingxaki ezinokubangela oku?

I-Hemothorax inokubangela nezinye iingxaki emzimbeni. Ezi ziquka:

• Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla okanye ukungakwazi ukuphefumla wedwa (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Respiratory failure)`)
• Ukothuka kwe-Hypovolemic : Le yimeko yokothuka ebangelwa kukulahleka kwegazi elininzi emzimbeni.
• I-Empyema : Le yingqokelela yobomvu kwindawo ye-pleural. Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho usulelo apho igazi liqokelele khona.
• Ukuvaleka kwezicubu ze-pleural okanye izicubu zemiphunga.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le nto? (Ukuxilongwa)

Ngugqirha kuphela onokuxilonga ngokuchanekileyo i-hemothorax. Okokuqala, nguye oza kukuhlola.Uza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Emva koko uza kumamela imiphunga yakho nge-stethoscope (auscultation). Emva koko uza kukwazi ukuchonga naziphi na izandi ezingaqhelekanga ezivela kwimiphunga echaphazelekayo. Uza kuyalela nezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Zithini iimvavanyo zokuxilonga?

Ugqirha angayalela iimvavanyo ezifana nezi:

• I-X-ray yesifuba : Oku kunokujonga ukuba igazi liqokelelene na kwindawo ye-pleural.
• I-CT scan : Oku kunokubonelela ngombono ocacileyo noneenkcukacha ngakumbi wangaphakathi kwesifuba. Kunokujonga nakuphi na ukuqhekeka kwegazi okanye omnye umonakalo.
• I-Thoracentesis : Olu luvavanyo kunye nonyango. Inaliti encinci isetyenziselwa ukuthatha isampuli yolwelo oluvela kwindawo ye-pleural. Le naliti ingasetyenziselwa ukujonga ukuba ligazi okanye yinto ethile.

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba loluphi unyango olufumanekayo koku.

I-Hemothorax inyangwa ngokususa igazi kwindawo ye-pleural.

Okokuqala, ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla, uza kunikwa unyango lweoksijini. Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, kunokufuneka unikwe umoya ongeniswa ngomatshini.

Okulandelayo, ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali be-hemothorax, oogqirha baya kwenza enye yezi zinto:

• I-Thoracentesis: Inaliti encinci ifakwa phakathi kweembambo ukuze kususwe igazi elithile kwindawo ye-pleural. Oku kwenziwa ukuba igazi lincinci.
• Ukubekwa kwetyhubhu yesifuba (iThoracostomy): Ityhubhu enkulu (ityhubhu yesifuba) ifakwa ngeembambo kwindawo yepleural ukuze kukhutshwe naliphi na igazi eliqokelelweyo. Le tyhubhu inokufuneka ishiywe endaweni yayo kangangeentsuku ezininzi.
• Utyando lweThoracotomy: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ukopha kuyaqhubeka nangona kufakwe ityhubhu yokukhupha igazi, okanye ukuba unobangela wokopha kufuneka uchongwe kwaye unyangwe, ugqirha otyandayo uya kwenza utyando esifubeni, afikelele kwimiphunga echaphazelekayo, aze enze unyango olufunekayo.

Ukuba ulahlekelwe ligazi elininzi, usenokufuna utofelo-gazi.

Ngaba yonke i-hemothorax ifuna ityhubhu yesifuba?

Hayi. Ayizizo zonke iindlela zonyango lwe-hemothorax ezifuna ityhubhu yesifuba. Ukuba kukho igazi elincinci (`i-hemothorax encinci`), kunokwenzeka ukuba kususwe elinye igazi ngenaliti encinci (`iThoracentesis`).

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi ngezi ndlela zonyango?

Ewe, njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile ezibandakanyekayo ekunyangeni i-hemothorax. Ezi ziquka:

• Iingxaki ezinxulumene ne-anesthesia (ukuba uza kutyandwa).
• Intlungu.
• Ukopha.
• Iintsholongwane, ezifana ne-pneumonia.
• Ukudumba kwepulmonary.

Kodwa ungakhathazeki, oogqirha benza konke okusemandleni abo ukunciphisa ezi ngozi.

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Ixesha lakho lokuchacha lixhomekeke kwinto ebangele i-hemothorax yakho kunye nonyango olufumeneyo. Ukuba ufakelwe ityhubhu yesifuba okanye wenze utyando, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuxelela into omawuyilindele ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho kunye nexesha onokubuyela ngalo kwimisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo, emsebenzini, okanye esikolweni.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ukuba une-hemothorax?

IHemothorax yimeko enzima kakhulu efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa okanye ngaphezulu. Ngelixa usesibhedlele, oogqirha banokukujonga baze bakunike ioksijini ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Kodwa, khumbula, ukuba ixilongwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye inyangwa ngokukhawuleza, uninzi lwabantu luyachacha ngokupheleleyo ngaphandle kweengxaki zexesha elide.

Ingancitshiswa njani le ngozi?

Asinakuthintela ezinye izinto ezibangela i-hemothorax. Nangona kunjalo, singenza oku kulandelayo ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana i-hemothorax ngenxa yokwenzakala esifubeni okanye ukwenzakala:

• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela xa udlala imidlalo okanye imisebenzi enokubangela ukwenzakala esifubeni.
• Soloko unxibe ibhanti yakho yesihlalo xa ukhwela emotweni.
• Xa uthatha into evela phezulu, musa ukukhwela ezitulweni okanye etafileni, sebenzisa isixhobo esifanelekileyo, okanye ucele uncedo komnye umntu.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuhamba okanye usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuwa, sebenzisa intonga, i-walker, okanye iintonga.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ngexesha lokuchacha?

Ngethuba usaphila emva kokufumana i-hemothorax, kungcono ukuba ungabandakanyeki kwizinto ezinokwenzakalisa okanye zibeke uxinzelelo emiphungeni yakho. Umzekelo:

• Kuphephe ukutshaya.
• Ziphephe imithambo enzima efana nokuphakamisa izinto ezinzima kunye nokugoba izinto ezinzima.
• Hlala kude nemidlalo yokudibanisa okwethutyana.
• Kuphephe ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuntywila kwi-scuba okanye ukuntywila elwandle.
• Ukuhamba ngeenqwelo-moya (kungcono ukudibana nogqirha ngale nto).

Ndifanele ndiphinde ndimbone nini ugqirha wam?

Qiniseka ukuba uyaya kuzo zonke iintlanganiso zokulandelelana oziyalelwe ngugqirha. Oku kuya kumnceda ukuba abone ukuba uyachacha njengoko kulindelekile aze enze olunye uvavanyo (umz. ii-X-ray) ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Ndingaya nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ufumana iintlungu zesifuba ezinganyamezelekiyo, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza. Musa ukuchitha ixesha.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ungabuza ugqirha imibuzo efana nale:

• Uyazi njani ukuba ndine-hemothorax?
• Ingakanani ingozi ye-hemothorax yam?
• Ngaba kukho into endinokuyenza ukuthintela oku ukuba kungenzeki kwakhona?
• Ucebisa luphi unyango?
• Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiphile?
• Ngaba ndiza kuyidinga ioksijini eyongezelelweyo?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka ndihlale esibhedlele?

Ngaba iHemothorax iyingozi ebomini?

Kuxhomekeke kubukhali be-hemothorax yakho kunye nokuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuyeka ukopha. Iimeko ezincinci ze-hemothorax zinokuphiliswa ngaphandle kwemingcipheko okanye iingxaki. Nangona kunjalo, iimeko ezinzima ze-hemothorax zinokubulala ukuba azinyangwa ngokukhawuleza.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweHemothorax kunye nePneumothorax?

Musa ukubhidanisa ezi zinto zimbini.

• I-Hemothorax kukuqokelelana kwegazi kwindawo ye-pleural.
• I-Pneumothorax yimeko apho umoya ungena kwindawo ye-pleural uze ubeke uxinzelelo kwimiphunga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba idilike ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba "yimiphunga ewileyo".

Ngaba i-hemothorax yiphaphu ewileyo?

Hayi. I-Hemothorax kunye nokuwa kwemiphunga ziimeko ezimbini ezahlukeneyo. Elinye igama lokuwa kwemiphunga yi -pneumothorax. Nangona kunjalo, i-hemothorax inokubangela uxinzelelo kwimiphunga kwaye ibangele ukuba iwe.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweHemothorax kunye nePleural Effusion?

• I-Pleural effusion kukuqokelelana kolwelo olugqithisileyo kwindawo ye-pleural. Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu omdala une-5-10 milliliters (malunga ne-1-2 tipspuni) yolu lwelo kwelinye icala lendawo ye-pleural. Ukuba olu bungakanani luyanda, lubizwa ngokuba yi-pleural effusion.
• I-Hemothorax kukuqokelelana kwegazi kwindawo ye-pleural.

Ngamafutshane, i-hemothorax luhlobo lokukhupha igazi emzimbeni, kodwa lubandakanya igazi.

Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene nentlungu yesifuba okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.Ugqirha unokuxilonga i-hemothorax, afumane unobangela, aze akunike unyango olusebenzayo.

## Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kaloku, sithethe kakhulu ngeHemothorax namhlanje. Ukuqukumbela, nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Hemothorax kukuqokelelana kwegazi kwindawo ejikeleze imiphunga.
• Izizathu eziphambili zoku ziingozi, ukwenzakala, kunye notyando esifubeni.
• Iimpawu ezinje ngobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza zinokubakho.
• Le inokuba yimeko enzima, ngoko ke ukuba uneempawu, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Unyango lubandakanya utofelo-gazi, ioksijini, kwaye mhlawumbi notyando .
• Ukuba unyangwa ngokukhawuleza, ungaphila ngokupheleleyo.
• Le ngozi ingancitshiswa ngokuzikhusela kwiingozi.

Ukuba unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Hemothorax, igazi elizalisa isifuba, indawo ye-pleural, ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zesifuba, umbhobho wesifuba, isifo sokuphefumla