Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu ngamehlo kagqirha

i-slug: uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu

UNimal, oneminyaka engama-45 ubudala, weza ekliniki ekhalaza ngentamo eqinileyo kunye nentloko ebuhlungu. Wayesoyika kakhulu. "Gqirha, ngaba ndiza kuba sengxakini enkulu? Ngaba umthambo entlokweni yam uza kugqabhuka?" wabuza ngelizwi elingcangcazelayo. Ndancuma ndaza ndamthulisa ngokuthi, "Ungakhathazeki, Nimal, masiqale sijonge uxinzelelo lwegazi lam." Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko ngempilo yakho. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngalo mbulali ungathethiyo emzimbeni wethu: uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.

Isiganeko sobo busuku asisayi kuze silityalwe.

Makhe ndikuxelele ibali elibonisa umonakalo omkhulu onokubangelwa luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, okanye oko sikubiza ngokuba luxinzelelo, emzimbeni. Ngexesha loqeqesho lwam, ndandisebenza kwisibhedlele esixakekileyo. Ngobunye ubusuku, uNksk. Silva, utitshala wesikolo oneminyaka engama-40 ubudala, wangeniswa ngequbuliso kwigumbi lokufundela. Wayelahlekelwe ziingqondo kwelinye icala lomzimba wakhe kwaye wayelele endlwini yakhe. Abantwana bakhe ababini, unyana oneminyaka esi-7 ubudala kunye nentombi eneminyaka eli-15 ubudala, babehleli ecaleni komama wabo, besoyika kwaye bengakwazi kwenza nto.

Emva kokuhlolwa kwentloko kaNkskz. Silva nge-CT scan, sibone into ebuhlungu kakhulu. Wayenesifo sohlangothi esibangelwa kukunyuka kwegazi, awayengazi ukuba angasilawula kangangeminyaka emininzi. Nangona sasizama konke okusemandleni ethu, ngelishwa asikwazanga ukusindisa ubomi bakhe. Abantwana ababini abangenakuzinceda balahlekelwa ngunina. Wonke umntu kufuneka aqonde ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi alulo nje inani.

Yintoni uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu?

Intliziyo yethu ipompa igazi emzimbeni wonke ngemithambo yegazi ebizwa ngokuba yimithambo yegazi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi luxinzelelo olukhutshwa ligazi eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi njengoko lihamba kule mithambo yegazi. Ukuba ngesizathu esithile olu xinzelelo luhlala luphezulu kunesiqhelo, silubiza ngokuba luxinzelelo lwegazi.

Cinga ngepayipi oyisebenzisayo ukunkcenkceshela igadi yakho. Ukuba uxinzelelo lwamanzi luphezulu kakhulu, ipayipi inokudumba ize ivuze kwiindawo ezithile okanye iqhume, akunjalo? Kwenzeka into efanayo kwimithambo yegazi emizimbeni yethu.

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Amaxabiso oxinzelelo alinganiswa njani?

Xa kulinganiswa uxinzelelo lwegazi, kufunyanwa amaxabiso amabini.

• Uxinzelelo lweSystolic (inombolo ephezulu): Uxinzelelo olufakwa eludongeni lwemithambo yegazi xa intliziyo ibetha.
• Uxinzelelo lwe-Diastolic (inombolo esezantsi): Uxinzelelo xa intliziyo iphumle phakathi kokubetha.

Le theyibhile ilandelayo ibonisa indlela amaxabiso oxinzelelo lwegazi ahlulwe ngayo:

| Inqanaba loxinzelelo lwegazi | I-Systolic (inani eliphezulu) mm Hg | I-Diastolic (inani elisezantsi) mm Hg |
| :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Eqhelekileyo | Ngaphantsi kwe-120 | kwaye ngaphantsi kwe-80 |
| Iphakame Kancinci | 120 - 129 | kwaye ingaphantsi kwama-80 |
| Inqanaba loku-1 | 130 - 139 | okanye 80 - 89 |
| Inqanaba lesi-2 | 140 okanye ngaphezulu | okanye 90 okanye ngaphezulu |

> 🚨Ingxaki yoxinzelelo lwegazi:
> Ukuba uxinzelelo luphezulu kune-180/120 kwaye kukho iintlungu esifubeni, ubunzima bokuphefumla, okanye utshintsho embonweni, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-1990 ngoko nangoko okanye uye esibhedlele esikufutshane.

Kutheni kukho uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu?

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokwahlulwa lube ziintlobo ezimbini eziphambili:

1. Uxinzelelo oluPhambili lwegazi

Olu lolona hlobo lufunyanwa ngabantu abaninzi. Akukho sizathu sinye kwaye lukhula kancinci kancinci kwiminyaka emininzi. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezinokuba negalelo:

• Izakhi zofuzo: Ukuba amalungu osapho ane-hypertension, umngcipheko wokufumana esi sifo uphezulu.
• Ubudala: Emva kweminyaka engama-65, ukuguquguquka kwemithambo yegazi kuyehla.
• Indlela yokuphila: Ukungazilolongi, ukutya ityuwa eninzi, ukutyeba kakhulu, kunye noxinzelelo.

2. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu

Olu luxinzelelo olubangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango. Oku kungenzeka ngequbuliso. Nazi izizathu:

• Izifo zezintso.
• Iingxaki ze-thyroid.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamandla xa ulele.
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zezinye iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala okanye izithomalalisi zentlungu.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonakala xa uxinzelelo lusanda?

Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lubizwa ngokuba yi- "Silent Killer" kwisayensi yezonyango kuba alubonisi zimpawu kwisigaba sokuqala sesi sifo. Abantu abaninzi bafumanisa ngalo kuphela xa uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi lulinganiswa kwimeko ethile.

Kodwa ukuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luphezulu kakhulu, unokufumana ezi mpawu:

• Intloko ebuhlungu kakhulu (ingakumbi ngasemva kwentloko).
• Ukudinwa kunye nokucaphuka.
• Umbono ofipheleyo.
• Intlungu esifubeni okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla.

Kwenzeka ntoni kumalungu omzimba wethu ukuba asiwalawuli?

Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi alulawulwa, lungonakalisa amalungu amaninzi abalulekileyo emzimbeni:

• Engqondweni: Istroke sinokwenzeka xa umthambo wegazi ugqabhuka.
• Intliziyo: Umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo uyanda.
• Izintso: Ukuhanjiswa kwegazi kwizintso kuyaphazamiseka, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni izintso zingasebenzi kakuhle.
• Amehlo: Ukonakala kwemithambo yegazi elisweni kubangela ukulahleka kokubona.

Yintoni i-White Coat Hypertension?

Abanye abaguli bayoyika ukuya esibhedlele okanye ukubona ugqirha. Yiyo loo nto ukufundwa koxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi esibhedlele kuphezulu kunesiqhelo. Kodwa xa besekhaya, uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi luqhelekile. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-"White Coat Hypertension". Abantu abanjalo bayacetyiswa ukuba balinganise uxinzelelo lwabo lwegazi ekhaya iintsuku ezimbalwa kusasa nangokuhlwa ukuze bafumane ukufundwa okuchanekileyo.

Ungayilawula njani uxinzelelo?

Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokulawula ngempumelelo uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu:

1. Ukusela amayeza achazwe ngugqirha

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zamayeza okulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi (ii-Beta-blockers, ii-Diuretics, ii-ACE inhibitors, ii-Calcium channel blockers). Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe ngokwemeko yakho. Khumbula, ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho oxinzelelo lwegazi ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.