Ngaba le fungus iyawachaphazela namehlo akho? Masifunde nge (Presumed Ocular Histoplasmosis Syndrome - POHS)!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba i-fungus encinci emhlabeni inokuchaphazela ukubona kwakho? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngento engaqhelekanga ukuviwa ngayo, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyazi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiPresumed Ocular Histoplasmosis Syndrome , okanye i-POHS ngamafutshane. Nangona ligama elide, masiligcine lilula.

Okokuqala, yintoni i-Histoplasmosis?

Ngamafutshane, i-histoplasmosis lusulelo lwemiphunga olubangelwa yi-fungus ebizwa ngokuba yi -Histoplasma capsulatum . Le fungus idla ngokufumaneka emhlabeni. Ixhaphake kakhulu emhlabeni one-wing of bird or bat droppings (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-droppings). Ixhaphake kakhulu kwiindawo ezithile zase-United States, ezifana ne-Ohio ne-Mississippi River valleys. Nangona kunjalo, le fungus inokufumaneka nakwezinye iindawo zehlabathi, ngakumbi kwiindawo apho kukho i-wing of bird or bat droppings.

Ngoko ke, yintoni i-ocular histoplasmosis syndrome (POHS)?

Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi -POHS ichaphazela amehlo njengolwandiso, okanye ingxaki, ye-histoplasmosis efanayo echaphazela imiphunga. Okwenzekayo kukuba i-fungus ngandlela thile ihamba ngegazi ize iphele ngasemva kwamehlo. Kulapho ke ingxaki iqala khona.

I-histoplasmosis yeliso iwachaphazela njani amehlo?

Ixesha elininzi, i-fungus `(Histoplasma capsulatum)` ayigulisi wonke umntu xa eyiphefumlela. Kwabanye abantu, ingena emzimbeni ize inyamalale ngaphandle kweempawu. Nangona kunjalo, ngelishwa, ukuba le fungus ingena emehlweni, iingxaki ezimbini zinokubakho:

• I-Choroidal Neovascularization kukukhula okungaqhelekanga kwemithambo yegazi okunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kweliso. Nangona oku kunokuvakala kuyinkimbinkimbi kancinci, ngamazwi alula, kukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emitsha ngaphakathi kweliso okungafunekiyo.
• Amanxeba angenzeka ngaphakathi kweliso.

Zombini ezi zinto zinokuchaphazela kakhulu umbono wakho.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuphuhlisa i-POHS?

Makhe sibone ukuba ngubani onokuba nale meko:

• Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, abo bahlala kwiintlambo zoMlambo iOhio okanye iMississippi eMelika basengozini enkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwanaseSri Lanka, kulungile ukuqaphela oku kwabo bahlala kwiindawo ezinezinga eliphezulu lenkunkuma yeentaka neyamalulwane.
• Kwabo babamba iintaka ezifana neenkukhu, kwabo basebenza kwiindawo zokugcina iinkukhu. Iinkukhu zikhuliswa kumakhaya amaninzi eSri Lanka.
• Abantu abasebenza ngomhlaba, njengeendawo ezinothuli ezifama nakwiindawo zokwakha , banokuba neefungi ezinjalo.
• Abo basebenzisa icuba okanye abanembali yokulisebenzisa nabo basengozini enkulu.

Enye into ebangela umngcipheko kukuba amajoni omzimba abuthathaka. Oku kunokubangelwa zezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ngenxa yezifo ezithile, umzekelo, isifo samathambo ,Kubantu abanezifo ezifana ne-multiple sclerosis.
• Kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo.
• Kwabantu abadala nabantwana abancinci.
• Xa usebenzisa amayeza athile, ingakumbi lawo athatha amayeza okunciphisa umzimba.

Kutheni i-histoplasmosis ikhula kula mehlo?

Besitshilo ngaphambili, iqala emhlabeni apho kukho i-fungus `(Histoplasma capsulatum)`. Cinga ngayo, xa ugrumba intsimi, ugrumba umngxuma, okanye ucoca ihoko yenkukhu, i-fungus kuloo mhlaba iyavuselelwa ize yongezwe emoyeni. Emva koko singayiphefumla. Yiyo loo ndlela imiphunga esuleleka ngayo. Kodwa, abaphandi abakafumani ngqo ukuba isuka njani emiphungeni iye ngasemva kwamehlo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-POHS?

Kwinqanaba lokuqala lale meko, akukho zimpawu. Yiyo leyo into eyingozi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-fungus `(Histoplasma capsulatum)` ichaphazela amehlo kwaye iqala ukwenza imithambo yegazi emitsha ebizwa ngokuba yi`(Choroidal Neovascularization),` umbono wakho uqala ukuchaphazeleka.

Usenokuziva izinto ezinje:

• Umahluko kubukhulu bento enye ebonwa ngamehlo amabini. Ngokungathi elinye iliso liyibona incinci kwaye elinye likhulu.
• Amabala angaboniyo embonweni.
• Umbono ofipheleyo okanye ukulahleka kombono ngaphandle kwentlungu.
• Imibala isenokungabonakali njengoko kufanele ibonakale (imibala isenokubonakala iphelile).
• Ukukhanya okanye ukukhazimla phambi kwamehlo.
• Imigca ethe tye, efana neempawu zendlela, imivalo yeefestile, kunye nemigca ekwincwadi, ibonakala inwebekile kwaye ijikajika.

Ukuba ufumana into efana nale, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubonane nogqirha wamehlo ngokukhawuleza .

Ufumanisa njani ukuba une-POHS?

Xa ubona ugqirha wamehlo, into yokuqala abayenzayo kukuhlolisisa amehlo akho ngononophelo, ingakumbi umva weliso, ukuze babone ukuba unayo na enye yezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Isiva
• Ukudumba

Kuthekani ukuba kukho iimpawu ze-histoplasmosis syndrome emehlweni?

Ukuba unezi mpawu, kusenokufuneka ukuba uhlolwe iliso elivulekileyo, nto leyo equka ukwandisa amehlo akho ngamayeza . Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo ukuba yintoni engaphakathi kweliso lakho. Ugqirha angakhangela oku kulandelayo:

• Imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga
• Ingaba ulwelo luqokelelene?
• Ukudumba
• Amabala amancinci amhlophe

Ukongeza, uya kuba ne -fluorescein angiography.Kusenokufuneka wenze uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yiFluorescein Angiography. Oku kuquka ukufaka idayi ekhethekileyo emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Le dayi ihamba negazi lakho iye kwimithambo yegazi engaphakathi kweliso lakho. Emva koko ikhamera ekhethekileyo ithatha imifanekiso. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba unayo na imithambo yegazi emitsha engaqhelekanga (iChoroidal Neovascularization).

Ngaba wonke umntu udinga unyango lwe-POHS?

Hayi, ayinguye wonke umntu oza kufuna unyango. Ngaphandle kokuba i-Histoplasma capsulatum fungus ichaphazele umbono wakho ngandlela thile, unokufuna ukubekwa esweni rhoqo kuphela.

Inyangwa njani i-histoplasmosis yamehlo?

Oku kukhethekile kancinci. Amayeza okulwa nefungus awasoloko enikwa ngenxa yoku. Kuba, nangona ibangelwa yifungus, ayilosulelo lwefungus olungaphakathi kweliso, kodwa yindlela esabela ngayo kuyo.

Kunoko, unyango kukuthintela ukwakheka kwemithambo yegazi emitsha engaqhelekanga (iChoroidal Neovascularization). Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza oku:

1. Unyango lwe-Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF): Oku kuquka ukufaka into ebizwa ngokuba yi-anti-VEGF ngqo kwiliso elichaphazelekayo. Eli yeza lithintela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, kusenokufuneka iinaliti ezininzi ukuze kubonwe iziphumo.

2. Unyango lwe-Photodynamic: Kule nto, iyeza elinovakalelo lokukhanya elibizwa ngokuba yi-verteporfin lifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni yakho. Eli yeza libopha kwimithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga esweni. Emva koko, kusetyenziswa imisebe yelaser enamandla aphantsi ukuze kusebenze eli yeza. Imithambo yegazi engaqhelekanga iyatshatyalaliswa.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba zombini ezi ndlela zonyango maziqhutywe phantsi kweliso lengcali yezonyango zamehlo.

Liyintoni ikamva labo bane-POHS? (Iziphumo)

Unyango lwe-histoplasmosis yamehlo lunokuthintela ukulahleka kokubona okungakumbi. Yinto entle leyo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu basenokungakwazi ukuphinda babone ngokupheleleyo.

Ngaba ii-POHS zingayichaphazela impilo yexesha elizayo?

Ewe, nokuba emva konyango oluphumeleleyo, iimpawu ze-POHS zinokuphinda zibuye. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ziyaphinda zibuye, zisenokungabi nzima njengangaphambili. Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka basengozini enkulu yolu hlobo lokubuyela umva.

Ungazikhusela njani kwi-POHS?

Asinakuyibona ifungus (iHistoplasma capsulatum) xa isemoyeni. Ngoko ke kunzima kakhulu ukuyiphepha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu we-histoplasmosis, kungcono ukuba ungazenzi ezinye izinto.

Ziphephe ezi zinto:

• Ukuhambahamba kwiindawo ezifana nemiqolomba.Kuba kusenokubakho amalulwane apho, kwaye akukho moya ungako.
• Ukungena ehokweni yenkukhu uze ujikeleze kuyo.
• Ukusebenza ngomhlaba onokuba nenkunkuma yeentaka okanye yeelulwane.

Yintoni enye endinokuyenza ukuze ndihlale ndikhuselekile?

Ukuba i-fungus `(Histoplasma capsulatum)` ingena emiphungeni yakho, kunokuba nzima ukuyithintela ukuba ingasasazeki emehlweni akho. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukujonga amehlo akho rhoqo. Ngale ndlela, ukuba kukho ingxaki emehlweni akho, unokuyibona kwasekuqaleni.

Kunjani ukuhlala ne-POHS?

Ukuba uneengxaki zokubona eziqhubekayo, ungafumana uncedo kwinkonzo ebizwa ngokuba yi- low vision rehabilitation . Ingcali yezonyango iza kukufundisa iindlela zokwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ngokukhuselekileyo. Umzekelo, banokukunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhubeka okanye ukutyibilika ekhaya.

Khumbula njengesishwankathelo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba ungakhumbula amanqaku abalulekileyo kwinto esithethe ngayo.

• I-POHS yimeko ebangelwa yifungus ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Histoplasma capsulatum)` echaphazela amehlo.
• Le fungus ifumaneka kakhulu emhlabeni oneentaka ezininzi kunye nenkunkuma yamalulwane .
• Usemngciphekweni omkhulu ukuba usebenza kufuphi neendlwana zeenkukhu, usebenza ngomhlaba, usebenzisa icuba, okanye unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka .
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokungaboni kakuhle, ukubona amabala amnyama, okanye ukubona imigca ethe tye , bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngoko nangoko.
• Ukuba unyango lunyangwa ngexesha elifanelekileyo, umbono ungathintelwa ukuba ungabi mbi.
• Nangona kunzima ukuzikhusela ngokupheleleyo kwi-POHS, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha iimeko ezinobungozi kwaye uhlolwe amehlo akho rhoqo.

Ngoko ke, khathalela amehlo akho. Kuba, amehlo yeyona nto ixabisekileyo esinayo!

i- histoplasmosis, i-POHS, izifo zamehlo, usulelo lwefungus, ukukhubazeka kokubona, i-choroidal neovascularization, impilo yamehlo